View clinical trials related to Ischemia.
Filter by:Recurrent stroke and cognitive decline are common after ischaemic stroke. Allopurinol, a drug usually used to treat gout, has been shown to reduce heart ischaemia, heart size, and arterial stiffness and to relax brain blood vessels and may reduce the blood pressure. All of these properties may be associated with a lower risk of second stroke and cognitive decline. We now aim to explore whether allopurinol will reduce further damage to the brain (called white matter hyper-intensities) after stroke and also whether it reduces heart size and blood pressure after stroke. We will conduct a multi-centre randomised, double-blind placebo controlled study to investigate whether two years allopurinol 300 mg twice per day (BD) improves these 3 outcomes, which are inextricably linked to risk of recurrence and cognitive decline after ischaemic stroke.
It has been reported that stroke is the first cause of becoming bedridden, and its cumulative recurrence rate in 5 years is approximately 35%. There is a high probability that patients reduce or discontinue medications by self-determination, leading to a high risk of stroke recurrence in these patients. Comprehensive and long-term patient educations ameliorating their self-management are important making patients possible to be managed according to the guidelines for their risk factors. Using disease management programs created for each of risk factors according to clinical practice guidelines, the influence of those programs were evaluated for the prevention of stroke recurrence in this Disease Management Program Stroke Trial.
To compare the effectiveness of unilateral pulmonary collapse (right lung) to bilateral pulmonary collapse for cardiac de-airing in open left-sided heart surgery.
In the laboratory, the researchers will investigate whether the drug eplerenone improves contractile function after ischemia and reperfusion in heart tissue.
The study is a Prospective, Multi-center, Single Armed Registry to Evaluate The Safety and Efficacy of 'AVI' Stent for Treating Coronary Revascularization.
The primary aim of this Phase II trial is to determine whether it is sufficiently likely that CTX DP treatment at a dose level of 20 million cells improves the recovery in the use of the paretic arm in acute stroke patients to justify a subsequent larger prospectively controlled study. This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracerebral CTX DP at a dose level of 20 million cells in patients with paresis of an arm following an ischaemic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stoke. Eligible patients will have no useful function of the paretic arm a minimum of 28 days after the ischaemic stroke (a modified NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Motor Arm Score of 2, 3 or 4 for the affected arm).
The symptoms and severity of arterial disease is secondary to perfusion deficit. The specific alteration of the mitochondrial function of ischemic skeletal muscle plays an important role, and therapeutic enhancing mitochondrial function are associated with a clinical improvement with increase in the walking distance of the patient. In severe ischemia, reperfusion required is accompanied by a deleterious episode through a worsening of endothelial dysfunction (impaired pathway of nitric oxide (NO)), majorant alteration of cellular energy and the hormonal and inflammatory responses. This is reperfusion syndrome, which can lead to grave consequences. Our goal is to limit mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction (increased by the reperfusion) by stimulating the NO pathway by in situ addition of its precursor, L-arginine. Our working hypothesis is that this cellular improvement will be accompanied by an increase in systolic pressure index and an improvement in the walking distance. Method: This is a trial with direct individual benefit, comparative, randomized, prospective, single-center, double-blind, versus placebo.
Vocal stimulation may encourage spontaneous breathing in patients dependent on mechanical ventilation. The study will include 30 patients on mechanical ventilation that will be intervened by the vocal stimulation and 30 patients on mechanical ventilation will serve as the control group.
Pathological and clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that abnormalities in thrombosis and hemostasis play a major role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis. Screening for abnormalities in thrombosis and hemostasis by measuring platelet activity, thrombin generation, and markers of coagulation have been proposed to identify individuals at high-risk for cardiovascular events, however, it remains a research tool not ready for implementation in standard care. The proposed study will add to the growing understanding of platelet activity and markers of coagulation in cardiovascular disease; examine a comprehensive battery of platelet activity markers, thrombin generation, markers of coagulation, and inflammatory biomarkers in subjects undergoing vascular surgery; and will provide important data on the mechanism of increased platelet activity using micro RNA, RNA and DNA expression profiling. The study design is prospective and the main outcome measures are platelet activity, coagulation markers and incident cardiovascular and bleeding events.
Rationale The only proven therapy for acute stroke is tPA within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. This is the standard of care for patients presenting to our hospital within that time frame. Thrombolysis outside the 4.5 hour window is considered only on experimental or compassionate grounds. Tenecteplase (TNK) is a genetically modified variant of tPA that has many theoretical advantages in acute stroke. Studies show that systemic plasminogen activation is higher after tPA administration, relative to TNK and this is associated with an increased risk of bleeding events. Imaging cerebral blood flow (CBF) with MRI (perfusion weighted imaging-PWI) and CT perfusion (CTP) can be performed routinely with standard clinical scanners. Patients with evidence of large volumes of tissue with low CBF, that is also structurally intact, as demonstrated by either normal signal on Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) or normal cerebral blood volume (CBV) are considered to have penumbral patterns. Patients with penumbral patterns appear to be the ideal candidates for thrombolytic therapy, regardless of time from onset. Study Hypotheses 1. The primary aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of TNK based thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients presenting 4.5-24 hours after symptom onset. 2. It is hypothesized that treatment with TNK in patients with penumbral patterns will be associated with reperfusion, early neurological improvement and penumbral tissue salvage. Study Design The study is planned as an open label feasibility and safety study of acute treatment with TNK in ischemic stroke patients with penumbral patterns evident on advanced MRI or CT perfusion sequences. Study Outcomes The primary outcome of this study is a safety endpoint, specifically the frequency of symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation evident on MRI or CT images on 24 h or day 5 scans. The ECASS II system for rating hemorrhagic transformation will be applied to all GRE/SWI images Significance Current treatment paradigms have not permitted success of tPA to be extended beyond narrow and limiting therapeutic window of 4.5 hours. Clearly, more effective patient selection criteria are required. Penumbral imaging is biologically plausible, practical and has been shown to be predictive of outcome. Application of these imaging techniques to the acute stroke population is the most promising strategy for extending the therapeutic window and for introducing superior thrombolytic agents.