View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:Obese individuals have fewer striatal dopamine type 2 receptors (DRD2) than normal weight individuals. Lower DRD2 levels are associated with addiction and a decreased sense of pleasure.Obesity is also associated with insulin resistance (poor insulin action).We propose that insulin resistance and low DRD2 are associated. Using PET imaging,we aim to determine DRD2 binding potential (BP) in the brain is associated with insulin resistance and neuroendocrine hormone levels. Obese participants will be compared to lean, gender and age similar participants. We also aim to determine the effect of caloric restriction on DRD2 BP in obese subjects
The main purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of an exercise program on arterial function and cardiovascular diseases risk factors in obese and lean pre-pubertal children. This information will be used to underpin prevention strategies to reduce cardiovascular diseases in overweight youth.
Clearly the effects of diet and exercise are beneficial for obese persons, but the underlying mechanisms for the improvements in metabolic health are not completely clear. Although mounting evidence suggests that alterations in lipid metabolism in persons with abdominal obesity are associated with a several medical complications, including diabetes, little is known about the factors responsible for this effect. The project in this application is designed to examine how the addition of endurance exercise training to a weight-loss program alters whole-body fatty acid availability, uptake, and oxidation as well as the expression of cellular factors that regulate these processes. In addition, we will evaluate whether these alterations are associated with improvements in insulin sensitivity. In the end, these experiments will provide insight into the cellular and whole-body adaptations in fatty acid metabolism in response to weight-loss and exercise training that may lead to enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Identifying relationships between gene expression, whole-body fatty acid metabolism and clinical outcome measurements, such as insulin sensitivity, may lead to improvements in the therapeutic and/or the preventative approach to obesity and its co-morbidities.
Recently EPO receptors have been found in human muscle tissue, but what is still not known is the physiological role of these receptors. In this study the researchers want to investigate if there is any effect of a acute administration of EPO on insulin resistance and/or substrate metabolism in muscle tissue.
The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a causal relationship between insulin resistance and/or glucose intolerance in the development of a defect incretin effect.
North American blacks tend to have low blood levels of vitamin D because pigmentation blocks vitamin D production in the skin. They also have higher rates of developing type 2 diabetes and higher rates of complications from the disease compared with whites. Although there is compelling evidence that adequate vitamin D may reduce the risk for type 2 diabetes in whites, recent evidence from a national survey demonstrated an association of vitamin D with diabetes in whites but not in blacks. However, the central hypothesis of this study is that providing enough supplemental vitamin D to blacks (raising their blood levels higher than that of most participants in the survey) will improve blood measures related to diabetes risk. The proposed study is a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment designed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation (100 μg/d ) on insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and glucose control in pre-diabetic black men and women aged 40 and older.
The purpose of this study is to determine if study drug (Pioglitazone) treatment will improve pre-diabetes (insulin resistance) or ealy diabetes and improve clinical symptoms (pain) or laboratory evidence of chronic pancreatitis. The goal of the investigators is to gather information from this study to help gain understanding of a potential therapy for chronic pancreatitis.
Plasma adiponectin concentration is inversely associated with renal function. There is little literature on adiponectin levels and regulation by antihypertensive medication with an angiotensin II-receptor blocker (ARB), especially in subjects with type 2 diabetes in different stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Normally, the hormone insulin works to help keep blood sugar normal. However, as a person gains weight, insulin does not work as well and blood sugar tends to be a little higher than normal. This is called "insulin resistance". Two investigational drugs (not approved by the Food and Drug Administration) for the treatment of high lipid levels or insulin resistance are being examined in this study: one drug is called tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), the other is called sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA). This study is designed to test if TUDCA and/or PBA is effective in people who are obese with insulin resistance and high lipids. We hypothesize that pharmacologically-induced decreases in ER stress will improve insulin action and hepatic lipid metabolism in obese subjects.
102 late- life adults at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, will be randomized to one of three interventions designed to improve insulin sensitivity thereby potentially preventing future progression of type 2 diabetes. The investigators predict that insulin sensitivity will improve equally following either weight loss or exercise, while there will be additive effects from combined intervention. The investigators hypothesize that weight loss will decrease intermuscular adipose tissue, intramyocellular lipid, and visceral abdominal adipose tissue.