View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:This study will compare the effect of acute consumption of two carbonated drinks, sweetened with sugar or with non-caloric sweeteners, over the insulin response of healthy adults who normally consumed foods or drinks that contain non-caloric sweeteners
The purpose of this study is to help researchers learn about how the brain responds to rewards. This study is interested in seeing how these responses differ between people who are more and less responsive to insulin in their body, and people with and without depression.
Background and Aims: The presence of the FTO rs9939609 and PPARy rs1801282 polymorphisms suggests changes in energy metabolism; this variation may be responsible for the development of various diseases including obesity. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of these polymorphisms in Mexican adolescents with overweight and obesity at high risk for developing diabetes. Methods and Results: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, where 71 healthy adolescents (average age of 16) were included. Anthropometric measurements, Body mass index, as well as the determination of glucose, insulin and HOMA index were calculated from all the patients. The FTO rs9939609 and PPARy rs1801282 polymorphisms were determined by real-time PCR.
The purpose of this project is to investigate the effect of breaking prolonged sitting on acute adipose tissue and metabolic responses.
Given the data on the active ingredients of Totum-63, this research aims to evaluate the effect of its chronic consumption (24 weeks) on glucose and lipid homeostasis and especially on fasting plasma glucose in volunteers with abdominal obesity associated with impaired glucose tolerance or untreated type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. This clinical study is designed to estimate the effect of Totum-63, active ingredient of Valedia, on several glucose and lipid homeostasis related parameters since these data are still unknown for this specific dietary supplement formula. Collected data will provide more reliable information which may be used to plan a subsequent larger main study.
Background Surgical injury provokes a stress response. These pathways mediated by stress hormones and cytokines cause a catabolic state. The loss of body cell mass may result in prolonged convalescence and increased morbidity. Protein catabolism after colorectal surgery is even more increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epidural blockade, by reducing the intensity of the catabolic response, improves substrate utilization after surgery in non-diabetic patients. This effect is even more pronounced in diabetic patients receiving amino acids. The aim of the study is to explore the effect of two different protocols to manage blood glucose control on glucose and protein metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing colon surgery and receiving epidural analgesia and perioperative feeding with amino acids. The following hypotheses are tested: 1. Tight perioperative blood glucose control with intensified insulin therapy compared to standard blood glucose control in presence of general anesthesia with epidural analgesia and amino acid infusion would reduce endogenous glucose production and leucine oxidation. 2. Tight blood glucose control and perioperative infusion of amino acids induce a more positive protein balance compared to standard blood glucose control by better oxidative glucose utilization and redirecting amino acids from oxidative to synthetic pathways. Material and Methods A total of 20 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 undergoing elective colorectal surgery will be admitted to the study. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive standard blood glucose control (blood glucose target <10 mmol*l-1; control group; cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) group, n=8) or to receive tight blood glucose control with intensified insulin therapy (blood glucose target<6 mmol*l-1; intensified insulin group; II group, n=8). All patients will receive general anesthesia and an epidural catheter for perioperative analgesia. During surgery (intraoperative state) and immediately after surgery (postoperative state) when receiving an amino acid infusion protein and glucose kinetics will be assessed using a stable isotope technique with L-[1-13C]leucine and [6,6-2H2]glucose and circulating concentrations of glucose, glucagon, insulin and cortisol will be measured. The primary endpoints of the study will be protein balance. Sample size is set to ensure at least 80% power at a significance level of 0.05.
This project aims at identifying new determinants of type 2 diabetes in severe obesity. To do so, a biological collection, including tissues of interest in the field of metabolism, will be collected during bariatric surgery in obese patients. Three different groups of metabolic status of patients, corresponding to different stages of evolution of the disease, will be constituted: type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity. The main objective is to compare, between these 3 groups of patients, several biological processes that may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with obesity, including: - Abnormalities of the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome in all target tissues (plasma, serum, muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, omental artery, liver) - Identification of metabolic signatures, protein and miRNA in plasma - Immunoinflammatory response in adipose tissue - Polymorphisms SNP from whole blood - Histological analysis of tissue sections This main objective will be studied on samples taken at the time of surgery Secondary objectives will be to study the changes in metabolites, proteins and miRNA in plasma level 3 and 12 months after the completion of surgery, according to the initial metabolic state.
Insulin resistant volunteers will choose to undergo an 8-week cold treatment, 2 hours per day, to selective regions of the body enriched with brown fat including neck, supraclavicular and interscapular regions) in combination with electroacupuncture (EA). Their insulin sensitivity and glucose and lipid homeostasis will be measured. The brown fat activation will be assessed by positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT)-scans and/or serum marker measurements.
For decades, it has been known that post-meal blood glucose concentrations were associated with the risk of T2D, which was reflected in early diagnostic guidelines. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been used since at least 1923 and has remained the most common test for assessing glucose tolerance. Arterial blood (or arterialised blood using heated hand technique) is most appropriate for determining glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity since this best represents the concentrations of metabolites and hormones that peripheral tissues are exposed to. It is essential to investigate whether venous blood (sometimes used during an OGTT) is representative of arterialised blood during an OGTT, and under different metabolic conditions. The investigators want to understand whether OGTT-derived insulin sensitivity indices differ from venous and arterialised blood; and 2) investigate whether metabolic status (i.e. rest vs lower-limb exercise) influences the difference between forearm venous and arterialised concentrations of glucose and insulin during an OGTT.
This controlled weight loss trial in adults at cardiometabolic risk (elevated triglyceride/HDL ratio) followed a randomized, cross-over design and utilized novel, high-protein pasta and cereal to examine the physiological impact of stealth substitution of dietary carbohydrate with protein derived from soy concentrates, wheat protein isolates, and dried egg whites. Pasta dishes were prepared using high-protein orzo and fusilli pasta (Zone PastaRxTM) or conventional, gluten-free pasta, and high-protein flaked cereal (ZoneTM cereal) was matched with conventional flaked cereal. Participants were instructed to follow an energy restricted diet (-500 kcal/d) and incorporate a test food into each of three meals over a 24-hour period. The diet-induced changes in body mass and lean body mass were tracked as well as changes in in insulin sensitivity and common blood biomarkers.