View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on the insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3-4, vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and elevated fasting serum insulin levels.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of treadmill training on inflammation in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, insulin action in the skeletal muscle, and whole body glucose metabolism in stroke survivors. The fundamental hypothesis of this study is that key inflammatory markers in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are abnormal, skeletal muscle insulin signaling is impaired, and systemic insulin sensitivity is reduced in hemiparetic stroke patients and that these factors are modifiable and improved by exercise training in stroke patients.
Ghrelin, a hormone produced in the stomach that stimulates hunger and food intake, declines immediately after weight loss surgery. Some studies suggest that ghrelin may worsen an individual's ability to respond to insulin. The purpose of this study is to determine if the decline in ghrelin levels after weight loss surgery contributes to the improvement of insulin sensitivity.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of experimental (vegetarian) diet compared to conventional diet with similar caloric restriction on insulin resistance, body weight and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients after 3 month diet program and additional 3 month diet program combined with intensive exercise. Hypothesis: Greater improvement in insulin resistance, greater weight loss without compromising the body composition (subjects will lose fat preferentially to lean body mass) and differences in the fatty tissue metabolism will be found in the experimental (vegetarian) group compared to the control (conventional diet) group despite the similar advise on caloric restriction in both diets. The differences between the two groups will increase after an intensive physical exercise program.
The purpose is to determine whether regular endurance exercise and/or body weight influence the way our nervous and vascular systems respond during the metabolism of meals.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypotheses that there are ethnic and genetic differences in the mechanisms and magnitude by which hypocaloric weight loss and aerobic exercise affect body composition, glucose, lipid, muscle and adipose tissue metabolism in overweight, insulin resistant postmenopausal women. This will be tested in a trial comparing the effects of weight loss vs. aerobic exercise plus weight loss on glucose, lipid, fat and muscle metabolism in overweight African American and Caucasian postmenopausal women.
This study will test the effects of daily physical activity on variations in blood glucose control.
Cigarette smoking increases CVD risk and worsens insulin resistance, but also contributes to weight loss; smoking cessation reduces CVD risk and improves insulin sensitivity, but also contributes to weight gain. The mechanisms that underlie these metabolic changes of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation on insulin resistance, body composition, and fat distribution are poorly understood.
Current evidence indicates that fruit and vegetable intake and dietary patterns rich in fruit and vegetables may be associated with reduced insulin resistance and may reduce the risk of the metabolic syndrome. If proven, this relationship may partly explain the inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and cardiovascular disease risk. There are currently no published dietary interventions that have examined in detail the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and insulin resistance. There is, however, some preliminary evidence from whole diet interventions that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables may have a beneficial effect on insulin resistance. Evidence to date indicates that an investigation of the direct association between fruit and vegetable intakes and insulin resistance in a carefully controlled intervention study is warranted. This study will investigate the dose−response effect of fruit and vegetable intake on insulin resistance in people who are overweight and at high−risk of CVD using state−of−the−art techniques.
In the United States cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 1 in every 2.8 deaths and is the leading cause of death among men and women 65 years or older (1). Studies have shown that the risk for cardiovascular disease is higher in individuals with the Metabolic Syndrome (2). Metabolic Syndrome (MBS) is defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines as a group of risk factors that includes 3 or more of the following: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose (3). These factors place individuals at increased risk for the development of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (3). It is commonly held that insulin resistance is the driving force for the development of the MBS. Although there is a significant increase in incidence of MBS in the elderly, there are few studies that specifically examined MBS in that population. The prevailing opinion is that the strikingly high prevalence of the MBS in the elderly is due to concurrent obesity - i.e., the population gains weight as it ages, and development of the MBS accompanies the weight gain. However, while it is true that becoming obese may decrease insulin sensitivity, it has also been demonstrated that not all obese individuals are insulin resistant. Some studies suggest that up to 40% of obese individuals demonstrate normal insulin sensitivity (4). In addition, it is notable that the rate of increasing MBS in the population exceeds that of the rate of increasing BMI, suggesting that, while BMI may be a modulating factor, another factor independent of obesity also contributes to the development of MBS in the elderly. It is the investigators hypothesize that the MBS in the obese elderly population is primarily linked to insulin resistance and not to obesity per se. The investigators propose to test this hypothesis by assessing MBS and insulin resistance in a population of obese elderly men and women and then determining whether or not the MBS tracks with insulin resistance.