View clinical trials related to Inflammation.
Filter by:Obesity is characterized by an underlying inflammatory state in which various inflammatory signaling molecules, termed cytokines, affect metabolic processes central to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease; leading causes of disability and death in Ontario. Such obesity-associated inflammation is partly due to the movement of endotoxin (i.e. lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria) from the gut microbiota to the blood, resulting in elevated blood levels of LPS (a condition termed metabolic endotoxemia) that stimulates inflammation. Digestion of a high-fat meal increases blood LPS and is subsequently associated with inflammation and metabolic impairments. However, in this context, little is known about how the consumption of bioactive-rich foods, such as whole apples, can improve impaired inflammatory and metabolic responses in overweight and obese individuals. Apples are a key commodity to study given that they are Ontario's predominant fruit crop with the apple industry valued at approximately $400 million, they require little food preparation, and they are common in the diet year-round. There are some, but limited, reports of potential apple-induced health benefits related to reductions in inflammation and improved metabolic responses in lean/healthy individuals, but work in overweight and obese individuals is especially lacking. Thus, to address the gap in our understanding of how daily apple intake may improve the health consequences of obesity, we will conduct a randomized clinical trial in which overweight and obese adults will consume three Ontario-grown Gala apples (approximately 300 g) as part of their typical diet in one sitting (i.e. acute consumption) and/or daily for six weeks (i.e. chronic consumption). The Acute Apple Consumption phase of the study will follow a randomized crossover design in which participants' rate of gastric emptying, efficacy of dietary lipid digestion and absorption, and production of inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers of metabolism will be assessed before and after consuming a high-fat meal (designed to provide 1 g fat/kg body weight) with or without three apples in one sitting. The Chronic Apple Consumption phase of the study will follow a randomized, controlled, parallel-arm design in which participants' (fasting) production of inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers of metabolism, as well as their gut microbiota profile, will be assessed before and after consuming three apples (or no apples) daily for six weeks. We hypothesize that the consumption of three whole apples in one sitting and daily for six weeks will improve these parameters in overweight and obese individuals at risk of developing chronic metabolic diseases.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate uptake of intravenously administered 99mTc-tilmanocept using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) scanning in individuals with HIV and individuals without HIV.
This project examines the effects of cannabis on cognition and other domains of function and whether those effects are dependent upon the ratio of THC to CBD in the product. Current cannabis users are asked to stop using their typical product and to use cannabis containing different ratios of the cannabinoids THC and CBD. Participants complete baseline assessments including cognitive tasks, clinical measures, substance use history, and blood draw. Participants then acquire and use their study strain on their own, and after a period of use the mobile pharmacology laboratory goes to a location of their choosing. They complete cognitive, motor and blood-based assessments, then leave the mobile lab to use their study product one last time, returning to the mobile lab to complete cognitive, motor, and blood-based assessments immediately after use and one hour after use. A small subset of participants complete all of these procedures but use edible as opposed to flower-based products.
Title of the study Efficacy and safety of PRO-155 (Zebesten ofteno®) on inflammation of the conjunctival surface in subjects with grade I-III pterygium vs placebo. Hypothesis H0. The Zebesten® ophthalmic solution (bromfenac 0.09%) is less effective and safe than placebo in reducing conjunctival hyperemia in subjects with grade I-III pterygium. H1 The Zebesten® ophthalmic solution (bromfenac 0.09%) is more effective and safe than placebo in reducing conjunctival hyperemia in subjects with grade I-III pterygium. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRO-155 (bromfenac 009%) ophthalmic solution in the treatment of conjunctival hyperemia and ocular surface inflammation in a clinical model of pterygium grade I to III.
The study investigates the relation between different segments of the posterior myofascial chain of the human body. The intervention consists on apply self-myofascial release with a foam roller in one of the segments of the posterior myofascial chain of the participants, and then see if the treatment has produced any changes in the hamstrings, gastrocnemius and soleus flexibility.
According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number 1 cause of death globally. Systemic and local tissue inflammation is now recognized as a key etiological process leading to CVD. Hence, elevated blood levels of inflammation markers are classified among the well-established risk factors for the development of CVD. Among nutritional strategies to prevent and/or reduce chronic inflammation, long-chain omega 3 PUFA (LCn-3PUFA), notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have raised tremendous interest for their purported anti-inflammatory effects. Previous meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) substantiated the anti-inflammatory effect of LCn-3PUFA supplementation as evidenced by significant reductions in plasma concentrations of specific inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). However, it is stressed that almost all of the reported RCTs have used a mix of EPA and DHA in various ratios, as EPA and DHA occur concomitantly and naturally in food (fish oils) and in most dietary supplements. Yet, several recent RCTs have recently been undertaken to test the hypothesis that not all LCn-3PUFAs are equal, at least when it comes to their anti-inflammatory effects. Accordingly, there is increasing interest and evidence for potential distinctive effects of DHA compared to EPA on systemic inflammation, raising the question: Is DHA a more potent anti-inflammatory nutrient than EPA? To formally answer this question, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to assess and compare the individual anti-inflammatory effects of DHA and of EPA. The present work will be a pairwise and network meta-analysis focusing on RCTs comparing the effects of EPA and DHA on surrogate markers of systemic inflammation. The findings generated by these analyses will provide invaluable and timely comparative information on the specific efficacy of DHA and EPA as one of the key nutritional modalities for the treatment of chronic inflammation in high-risk men and women. This is important considering that LCn-3PUFA supplements are increasingly being used by the population and an ever growing market in the dietary supplements' industry.
Metabolic syndrome is a public health challenge that includes a range of conditions including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The syndrome is associated with an increase in the risk of Cardiovascular disease and death. Curcumin is a very active compound obtained from turmeric root. Curcumin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and is also involved in the regulation of several signaling pathways. Since curcumin powder has low bioavailability, fast metabolism and low absorption, nanomicielle curcumin will be used in this study. Therefore, this study is planned to determine the effects of supplementation of nanomicielle curcumin on oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, adiponectin in serum and NF-kB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with metabolic syndrome.
The kynurenine pathway is involved in hyperalgesia. This pathway is activated by inflammation. Ketamine would interact with the kynurenine pathway and inflammation. Our working hypotheses are: the clinical effects of ketamine on neuropathic pain are greater in the presence of systemic inflammation and the mechanism of action involves an interaction on the kynurenine pathway. Study design: Interventional randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Main goals: 1. To show a better clinical efficacy of ketamine in chronic pain in patients with an inflammatory component. 2. Explore the anti-inflammatory activity of ketamine through the Kynurenine pathway.
Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of anakinra as a rescue treatment for allergic airway inflammation. Utilizing an inhaled allergen challenge model, the investigators will determine the effectiveness of a single 1 mg/kg dose of anakinra administered after inhaled allergen challenge for mitigating features of airway inflammation. Participants: 12 mild allergic asthmatics sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) Procedures (methods): Eligible subjects will participate in a double blind cross-over study. Following randomization to the placebo or anakinra treatment group, subjects will undergo inhalation of D. farinae, and their early and late phase asthmatic responses will be measured. Subjects will undergo induced sputum sampling, methacholine challenge, and mucociliary clearance measures. After completion of period 1, subjects will cross over to the alternate study arm.
Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of anakinra as a rescue treatment for allergic airway inflammation. Utilizing an inhaled allergen challenge model, the investigators will determine the effectiveness of a single 1 mg/kg dose of anakinra administered after inhaled allergen challenge for mitigating features of airway inflammation. Participants: 25 mild allergic asthmatics sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) Procedures (methods): 12 eligible subjects of 25 volunteers will participate in a double blind cross-over study. Following randomization to the placebo or anakinra treatment group, subjects will undergo inhalation of D. farinae, and their early and late phase asthmatic responses will be measured. Subjects will undergo induced sputum sampling, methacholine challenge, and mucociliary clearance measures. After completion of period 1, subjects will cross over to the alternate study arm.