View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:A multicenter, prospective, non-inferiority, randomized and open clinical trial comparing levofloxacin with isoniazid in the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients eligible for liver transplantation. Patients over 18 years of age on the waiting list for liver transplantation. Sample size: n=870 patients. HYPOTHESIS Levofloxacin treatment of latent tuberculosis infection, begun while on the waiting list for liver transplantation, is safer and not less effective than isoniazid treatment begun after transplantation when liver function is stable.
To search for suitable pharmacodynamic biomarkers, i.e., with high specificity for calcineurin inhibition and most affected by inter-individual variability, our works aimed at exploring the pharmacodynamics of CNI, the strength and variability of signal translation along the calcineurin pathway, as well as the steps where sources of internal (genetic) or external variability are the most influential. In order to achieve this, we assessed simultaneously NFAT1 translocation into the nucleus of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (NFTA1 being the main NAFT isoform in resting and activated lymphocytes), the intracellular expression of IL-2 in CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets and the membrane expression of CD25 (IL-2Rα), a surface marker of T cells activation, in T cells at large. A non-interventional clinical trial was set up in healthy volunteers, patients registered on a liver transplantation waiting list (WLP) and liver transplant recipients (LTR). A different question was addressed in each group: The healthy volunteer study (n=35): explored TAC PD along the calcineurin pathway by exposing PBMC ex-vivo; modelled signal translation along this cascade; examined the interindividual variability of TAC PD parameters; and investigated the sources of the variability observed and their contribution at each step of the calcineurin pathway. Furthermore, it allowed us to evaluate the analytical variability of our techniques as well as the intra-individual variability of TAC PD parameters. WLP (n=19) were enrolled to confirm in patients with liver diseases the results obtained in healthy volunteers, as well as to test the potential influence of their initial disease on the ex-vivo pharmacodynamics of TAC. The aims of the transversal study of LTR on CNI (n=80) were to further explore the interindividual variability in the PD of CNI in realistic clinical conditions, i.e. in situations of residual PD activities under tacrolimus or cyclosporine exposure, and the potential pharmacogenetic (PG) sources of such variability. The (still small) group of liver transplant patients (n=9) enrolled immediately before transplantation and followed-up with serial monitoring along the first year post-transplantation was intended to explore the relationships between CNI PD and clinical responses.
In the proposed study, the investigators plan to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Piperacillin Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for Injection(2:1) for the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract acute bacterial infection.
To determine if oral antibiotic treatment with CEM-102 and Rifampin is as effective and safe as the standard of care antibiotic therapy for the treatment of hip and knee prosthetic joint or spacer infections
The purpose of this study is to collect clinical outcome and nasal viral load information.
Only 5 to 10% of patients infected with HTLV-1 develop a disease related to infection. The two most serious diseases are adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and Tropical spastic paraparesis /HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP / HAM). Factors influencing the development of TSP / HAM in the individual HTLV-1 are not yet completely understood. Patients TSP / HAM have a HTLV-1 proviral load (amount of virus) that is 6-10 times higher than seropositive asymptomatic. Various studies have shown that the development of TSP / HAM in the subject HTLV-1 and its rapid evolution is partly attributed to the failure of the immune system that regulates viral replication and expression. It has recently been shown that different versions of Single Nucleotide (human leukocyte antigen) rs12979860, located upstream of the gene for Interleukin 28B (IL28B), influenced the severity of infection with hepatitis C and effectiveness of treatment. By analogy with hepatitis C, a Spanish (Treviño et al., 2012) examined this SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism) in 12 patients TSP / HAM and 29 asymptomatic HIV-positive. CT or TT genotype was statistically more frequent in the group TSP / HAM than in asymptomatic patients (80% versus 20%) and was associated with HTLV-1 proviral load higher. We propose a broader group of patients in our population and Afro-Caribbean, to confirm the results of the latter study was conducted in a predominantly Latin American population.
This is a 48 week randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective cohort study of adolescents and young adults with HIV infection in the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) who are currently being treated with cART that includes tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as one component of the regimen that includes at least three Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for at least 180 days.
Gold standard diagnostic criteria for diagnosing acute infection in older adult patients in the Emergency Department do not currently exist. These patients often have atypical presentations which can complicate diagnosis and treatment. The development of an antimicrobial stewardship program for Emergency Department older adult patients can ultimately improve the accuracy of diagnosis and correct antimicrobial prescribing. This research study involves data collection from enrolled subjects and treating physicians. The data will be collected using a patient interview which will be answered directly by the patient or caregiver. Additional surveys will be administered to the Emergency Department treating physician and subsequent physician. Additional data will be abstracted from the Emergency Department chart and from additional charts that often accompanies the patient to the Emergency Department. A physician adjudication process will occur if there is disagreement in diagnosis between the treating Emergency Department physician and succeeding physician.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the antibacterial protein P128 is (i) safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers and in chronic kidney diseases patients on dialysis, (ii) is it effective in reducing the nasal carriage of pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus) in humans.
Procure blood specimens from individuals presenting to the emergency department (ED) with signs and /or symptoms of systemic infection or sepsis. The samples will be used for research and development activities related to sepsis, infections, etc.