View clinical trials related to Heart Diseases.
Filter by:The purpose of the study is to target inflammation to reduce progression of noncalcified plaque in the coronary arteries using omega-3 fatty acid supplementation compared to standard of care.
This study is a single centre pilot for a randomized trial comparing all-blood cardioplegia to more dilute 4:1 blood cardioplegia during cardiac surgery. The hypothesis is that all-blood cardioplegia will be associated with less blood transfusion and better cardiac function.
The substitution of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for saturated fatty acids (SFA) is a cornerstone of worldwide dietary advice for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk reduction. However, clinical CHD benefits specific to the omega-6 PUFA linoleic acid (LA), and distinct from omega-3 PUFAs, have not been established. The Sydney Diet-Heart Study (SDHS; 1966-1973) was a randomized controlled secondary CHD prevention trial testing whether selectively increasing omega-6 LA from safflower oil in place of SFA reduced CHD and improved survival. A full analysis of mortality outcomes has not been published. The investigators recovered the original SDHS dataset, which included detailed longitudinal dietary, smoking and coded mortality data, permitting evaluation of smoking relapse rates, and all-cause, CVD and CHD mortality outcomes by nutrient intake and duration of diet exposure. Data recovery also permitted the first complete meta-analysis of LA intervention trials on mortality outcomes. Objectives are (1) to evaluate whether increasing dietary linoleic acid alters CVD and CHD mortality, and (2) to assess whether changes in smoking relapse rates contribute to observed mortality differences.
The investigators hope to learn 1) if the addition of prophylaxis with vancomycin will decrease the rate of cefazolin non-susceptible surgical site infections (SSI), in high risk population 2) to develop better understanding of vancomycin and cefazolin pharmacokinetics in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) 3) to assess the barriers to vancomycin dosing peri-operatively 4) to assess side effects and risks associated with peri-operative vancomycin administration. This will allow us to improve patient care by better understanding the benefits or the risks of peri-operative vancomycin administration and potentially decrease cefazolin-resistant surgical site infections. In addition, this study gives us the opportunity to evaluate cefazolin and vancomycin pharmacokinetics (pK) on children on CPB. The investigators will take blood samples from 20 patients. In 10 patients the investigators will do Cefazolin pK analysis and in the other 10 the investigators will do pK Vancomycin analysis. For the remainder of 292 patients, only prospective chart review will be done to determine the incidence of SSIs. This data will be compared with 936 controls who received only Cefazolin pre-operatively as prophylaxis for SSI's.
The main aim of this study will evaluate differences in serum levels of tryptase in study population. Will be selected a number of 350 patients hospitalized for coronary heart disease.
Physical rehabilitation is a key element in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases, and recent evidence has shown that supervised exercise programmes can prevent cardiovascular events, improve physical function and quality of life. Individualized exercise prescription based on appropriate frequency, intensity and duration is recommended. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that physical cardiac exercise training can influence inflammation of the vessel wall and hence reduce development of arteriosclerosis in coronary vessels. In the literature are divergent conclusions on appropriate frequency and duration of physical rehabilitation programs in order to improve physical function and reduce arteriosclerosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of an optimized physical rehabilitation programme compared to a conventional programme on physical fitness, health related quality of life and vascular inflammation.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the value of postoperative troponin in the prediction of mid term and long term mortality and morbidity in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
Cardiac output (CO) is an important hemodynamic variable in the management of critically ill patients. The pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) requires invasive techniques with potential complications and there is increasing interest in less invasive methods of measuring CO. This study is designed to compare CO values from PAC thermodilution (COTD) and ultrasound dilution (COUD).
Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery is associated with extensive blood loss in upto 20% of patients. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a routinely administered antifibrinolytic agent that reduces blood loss and blood transfusion requirement. However, standard dosing of TXA in patients suffering from renal dysfunction and undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery may lead to higher blood concentration of TXA when compared to the patients with normal renal function. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a fast and simple method to measure TXA levels. This prospective study on cadiac surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass aims to study the pharmacokinetics of TXA in patients with renal dysfunction. Two patient groups will be studied who will receive either TXA 50mg/kg bolus or BART regimen (30 mg/kg, 16 mg/kg/h + 2 mg/kg pump prime) depending on the type of cardiac surgical procedure and bleeding risk. Hypothesis: Standard dosing of TXA used in cardiac surgery result in higher blood concentration of TXA in patients with renal dysfunction when compared to patients with normal renal function.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and cholesterol lowering effects of MPSK3169A when given as subcutaneous (SC) injections over a 24-week period to patients with a high risk of cardiovascular events and LDL-c levels well above goal.