View clinical trials related to Health Behavior.
Filter by:With funding from the Candian Cancer Society, the Men's Healthy Eating Active Living (MHEAL) project began the development, evaluation, and optimization of a program called POWERPLAY to promote men's health at work.
The investigators have created an anonymous online survey that queries current topics in precision medicine.
Involuntary stress reactions including hyper-reactivity and dissociation are key diagnostic features of many psychiatric disorders, are difficult to treat, and predict poor outcomes in conventional and neurobehavioral interventions. Here, we evaluate the extent to which a novel intervention, Tuned Vibroacoustic Stimulation (TVS), capitalizing on a preserved neurocircuitry for sympathetic and parasympathetic system activity can be used to modify arousal responses, overriding otherwise prepotent negative stress reactions. PTSD has been characterized by dysregulated responses to stress as a result of severe acute or chronic trauma resulting in significantly impaired functioning, quality of life, and morbidity/mortality. Physiologically, PTSD severity has been associated with elevated sympathetic tone and low heart rate variability suggesting that parasympathetic tone is suppressed. Lower heart rate variability specifically, as a measure of parasympathetic tone, is closely associated with impaired performance and resilience. In our first study (in review), we showed that in some individuals, TVS is associated with increased heart rate variability and performance under stress along with reduced subjective stress. These results suggest that TVS could provide some therapeutic benefit in PTSD. N=100 individuals with mild-moderate PTSD (as assessed by PCL-5/CAP5), at least half of which are military Veterans, will be assessed physiologically during active interventions. Mechanisms of attentional focus on cognitive and emotional stimuli will be assessed. Participants will also have a real-world intervention to determine if TVS helps alleviate stress, symptoms, and medication burden in the real world when stress has been identified. Success will suggest a new intervention pathway for a traditionally treatment-resistant dimension of psychopathology.
The Emory University Spiritual Health department will incorporate Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT) into their training curriculum beginning in Fall 2017, which provides the opportunity to compare students receiving the CBCT addendum with those receiving traditional chaplaincy training. This is a naturalistic study that examines the impact of incorporating CBCT into Emory's spiritual caregiver training program. The researchers will examine the effect of CBCT on empathic accuracy and resilience by comparing the first group of students who receive CBCT-informed training with chaplains who receive standard training in spiritual caregiving and receive CBCT later in the residency year. Comprehensive assessments will be conducted in order to examine whether outcomes for patients are improved for those receiving chaplain spiritual care augmented by CBCT compared to those receiving spiritual care from chaplains who receive CBCT later in their residency.
This cohort study investigates how implementation of Biological Age technology in worksite health promotion, affects health behavior in the general Danish working population.
The present study explores the ability of dermatologists to influence patients' behavior using a novel and brief (3 minute) behavioral intervention in the context of naturally occurring patient interactions and shows promise for long term sustainability. The incidence of invasive skin cancers, cutaneous melanoma in particular, has nearly tripled in the U.S. between 1975 and 2004, making it the fastest rising incidence rate for all cancers in the United States. Dermatologists are in an ideal position to effect change in their patients. The present study will assess whether a brief intervention (The ABC—Addressing Behavior Change method) delivered to patients by dermatologists during a skin examination will increase the use of sun protection and reduce risk behaviors compared to patients who receive treatment as usual.
Understanding critical periods during which people are at risk to gain weight or display unhealthy changes in energy balance related behaviour, i.e. eating, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, can facilitate the development of weight gain prevention programs. Although the transition to parenthood is associated with pregnancy-related weight gain and retention in women, evidence on the effect of having a first child on men's body weight is lacking. It is also unclear whether pregnancy-related weight gain and retention cohere with unfavourable changes in body composition and energy balance related behaviour in both women and men transitioning to parenthood. Using a mixed-methods design, the investigators aim to provide insight into this critical life phase. An observational follow-up study will be used to investigate changes in body weight, body composition and energy balance related behaviour among couples from pre-conception to one year postpartum, and to identify those most at risk for excessive weight gain.
The proposed project will develop, implement, and test methodology for the design of an acceptable, effective intervention for diabetes prevention in a real-world setting. By determining the effectiveness of the intervention, the study will serve to guide the translation of research into routine public health prevention programs and policy. And, the hands-on experience will directly support the development of expertise, tools and training to advance translational science as a discipline. The study aims to test the effectiveness of an environmental and individual level intervention to prevent diabetes at Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital (DH-KUH), Nepal. Specific aims are to measure: Effectiveness of a canteen intervention on a composite score based upon improvement in 3 cardio-metabolic risk factors (0-3) [HbA1c decrease ≥0.5%; a systolic blood pressure decrease (SBP) ≥5 mm Hg; and plasma triglycerides decrease ≥10 mg/dl] Effectiveness of a behavioral intervention on a composite score based upon improvement in 3 cardio-metabolic risk factors (0-3) [HbA1c decrease ≥0.5%; SBP decrease ≥5 mm Hg; and plasma triglycerides decrease ≥10 mg/dl] Effectiveness of a canteen intervention on change in HbA1C and healthy food intake after six months of the canteen only (CO) intervention compared to the change over six months during the control period. Effectiveness of a behavioral intervention on change in Hba1c and healthy food intake after six months of behavioral intervention plus the canteen (CB) intervention compared to the change over six months during CO. We will recruit 366 adult employees of DH-KUH. At baseline (T1), 6 months (T2), 12 months (T3) and 18 months (T4), we will administer a standard questionnaire to record relevant characteristics of the participants (age, sex, education, income, marital status, and family history of CVD, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake and diet). We will abstract food consumption data from the administrative database in DH-KUH. Blood samples will be collected and analyzed for HbA1c, fasting glucose, and lipid profile (HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides). We will measure height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure. After 6 months of control period, the participants will receive the canteen intervention: (a) form and train a canteen improvement team; (b) train canteen staff on healthy cooking; (c) add healthy food and remove unhealthy food; (d) information and communication of canteen changes to employees; (e) monitoring of the interventions. After six months of the canteen intervention, half of the participants will be randomized to receive the behavioral intervention. The behavior intervention will be a combination of intensive education sessions, group counselling, goal setting and monitoring based on the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). The primary analysis will use χ^2test use to compare (a) Proportion of individual with score ≥ 2 during CO intervention to the proportion of individual with score ≥ 2 during the control period; (b) Proportion of individual with score ≥ 2 during CB intervention to the proportion of individual with score ≥ 2 during CO intervention. We will conduct a logistic regression with the proportion of individual with score ≥ 2 as outcome and CO vs CB as exposure at T4. Secondary analysis will use paired t-test to compare (a) the change in healthy food intake and HbA1c during CO to the change in healthy food intake and HbA1C during the control period (b) the change in healthy food intake and HbA1C% during CB to the change in healthy food intake and HbA1C% during CO period. We will conduct linear regression with HbA1c% as the outcome and CO vs CB as the exposure variable at T4. Further analysis will adjust for confounding in time-varying variables and assess effect modification.
Broad, diverse, and innovative efforts are needed to address the growing dual public health challenges of obesity and diabetes, especially for those at increased risk like minority older adults. The emerging field of health games offers an innovative opportunity to reach populations to provide healthy eating and physical activity messages. Little research has focused on the use of health games specifically tailored for older adults. This study builds upon a health game designed to provide knowledge, facilitate movement, enhance motivation, and encourage healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) behaviors in youth. This study will adapt, implement, and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, adherence, and preliminary outcomes of the game among overweight/obese African American older adults.
The aim of the study is to find out the effects a specific religious fast (i.e. Bahá'í fast) has on certain metabolic parameters, hydration, psyche and circadian clock. In a follow-up questionnaire series in 2019 we want to additionally validate a specific questionnaire for Bahai fasting, which was developed in 2018.