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Filter by:Functional neurological disorders (FND) are neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by a lesion or related to an identified dysfunction of the central nervous system. FND are under-diagnosed, although common and highly disabling. Childhood trauma events are found in 30% to 80% of FND patients, and are more common in people with functional neurological disorder than in healthy controls and patient controls. Overall, risks factors, perpetuating factors and maintaining factors have been described in FND, although none of the studies have analysed the prevalence of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) in these patients. EMS, as measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), are proposed to underlie a variety of mental health problems, in particular Personality Disorders. We hypothesize that some of these early maladaptive schemas may participate in the psychopathology and severity of FND. The main outcome of this study is to assess the prevalence of early maladaptive schemas in patients presenting with Functional Movement Disorders in comparison to patients presenting with Parkinson's Disease or Organic Dystonia. The secondary outcomes are to further analyse the underlying relation of these early maladaptive schemas and (i) the severity of the motor symptoms, (ii) anxiety and/or depression, (iii) the occurrence of childhood trauma events in our participants.
Objective To evaluate the incidence of psychological problems in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients and examine whether perioperative psychological intervention can improve the outcomes of and patient satisfaction with TKA. Methods The investigators will prospectively collect clinical data from 400 patients who underwent primary TKA by the same surgeon at Peking University Third Hospital. The patients will be divided into 3 groups based on psychological status and intervention: the normal group comprised patients with a normal psychological status, while patients with an abnormal psychological status will be randomly divided into the intervention group, which received psychological interventions, and the control group, which do not receive any psychological interventions. The HSS（Hospital of special surgery） and WOMAC scores will be evaluated preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. A self-administered satisfaction scale (very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat dissatisfied, very dissatisfied) that assessed overall satisfaction as well as satisfaction with pain relief and the ability to perform daily and leisure activities will be administered 6 months postoperatively. Hypothesis A certain percentage of TKA patients have preoperative psychological abnormalities. Preoperative psychological abnormalities can have an adverse effect on postoperative improvement in joint function and can reduce patient satisfaction. Preoperative psychological intervention can improve the prognosis of TKA patients with psychological disorders.
This study evaluates if imaginal exposure therapy can decrease symptoms of eating disorders and anxiety, and test an online format of IE to maximize its ability to reach as many individuals with eating disorders as possible. All participants will complete four imaginal exposure sessions and will complete questionnaires prior to receiving this treatment, as well as complete follow up questionnaires at 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month.
This research tries to investigate the validity and reliability of eye-tracking technologies by using different paradigms (eg. free-view, pro-saccade and anti-saccade) which served as a novel way of evaluating suicide risk among affective disorder patients including bipolar and unipolar depression. All the participants including health control will be assessed by clinical interviewing, self-report assessment, cognitive evaluation and eye-tracking task.
This study investigates whether a relationship exists between pre-treatment brain characteristics and treatment response in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
Antipsychotic medications are commonly prescribed in children and adults with ASD (Curtin, Jojic & Bandini, 2014). But weight gain has been known to be one of the less desirable effects of these medications, increasing one's risk for overweight and obesity. Based on experience in Holland Bloorview's Nutrition Clinic, working with a dietitian to follow specific dietary advice, such as having more protein while keeping the amount of calories the same, may be a possible and useful way to limit weight gain. This study's objective is to evaluate the feasibility (study designs, methods, processes) and acceptability (client/family satisfaction, perceived effectiveness) of a controlled energy diet with elevated protein intake in children and youth with ASD who are currently taking prescribed atypical antipsychotic medication.
Tic disorders is recognized as a neuropsychiatric disease. The treatments of tic disorders include drug therapy, psychotherapy and physical therapy. As a non-invasive therapy, cranial electrotherapy stimulation(CES) is approved to have few side effects and applied in various areas, especially in psychiatric diseases. However, up to now there have been no results about the effects of CES in the treatment of tic disorders.The investigators hope CES could offer a useful approach for treating tic disorders.
This was a single-site two-arm parallel-group trial conducted in a Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) Clinic that provides medication service for 254 heroin users in Wuhan, China. Once consented and completed the pre-treatment assessment, participants were randomized to receive either the Chinese translated behavioral activation treatment for substance use (C-BA) or treatment as usual (TAU). Research assessments occurred at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1- and 3-months follow-ups. The primary purpose of this study is to: 1. Evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of the Chinese-translated behavioral activation treatment for substance use (C-BA), an evidence based intervention developed to address the individual and psychological needs of Chinese substance users. The secondary purpose of this study is to: Examine the underlying mechanism of C-BA by studying the relationship between change in substance use related outcomes and associated psychological constructs (e.g. levels of behavioral activation and depression).
The investigators aim to characterize fecal microbial biomarkers as well as blood cytokine levels in MDD patients vs. healthy controls. 40 MDD patients will be recruited for this study, as well as 20 healthy age-matched participants (as a control group). Following signing of informed consent, stool and blood (20 ml) samples will be collected from all participants, for microbial composition assessment, and blood measures of inflammation and protein expression. According to clinical assessment of the diagnosed MDD patients, the psychiatrist will recommend SSRI or ECT treatment, and the patients will be divided accordingly to treatment group. Clinical status will be assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) scored by a psychiatrist at the starting point (before treatment), after 4 weeks of treatment (as ECT-group patients receive 8-12 treatments on average). A lowering in the HAM-D score will be considered clinical improvement which may be attributed to treatment. The investigators expect a treatment success rate of over 50% for ECT according to past experience. Blood and stool samples will be collected from MDD patients after 4 weeks of treatment, repeating inflammatory, protein expression and microbial measurements and comparing them to initial results. Additional data recorded will include age, BMI, ethnicity, previous medication use, and number of ECT treatments or current medication.
Speech sound disorders (SSDs) is one type of communication problems in children. It is a board term describing different difficulties that impact speech intelligibility. There are different types of SSDs, including motor-based disorders (e.g., dysarthria and childhood apraxia of speech [CAS]), structurally based disorders (e.g., cleft-palate), syndrome/condition-related disorders (e.g., Down), sensory-based conditions (e.g., hearing loss), and idiopathic in nature. Among different types of SSDs in children, childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a type of motor speech disorders with symptom complex, and is always considered as severe SSDs if objective measurement of severity, percentage of consonant correct (PCC) is applied. Evidence of different intervention approaches of CAS and SSDs have been obtained from English-speaking children. This is unknown if these approaches can be applied to languages which are different from English in terms of the sound inventory and prosody. A treatment program for Cantonese-speaking children with childhood apraxia of speech was studied. Preliminary positive findings were obtained from two participants in an ABA single-case study. With the preliminary positive data, a higher level of evidence could be obtained from group study. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of the proposed intervention for children with severe SSDs by quasi-experimental design.