View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:The gut microbiota is critical to health and functions with a level of complexity comparable to that of an organ system. Dysbiosis, or alterations of this gut microbiota ecology, have been implicated in a number of disease states. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), defined as infusion of feces from healthy donors to affected subjects, is a method to restore a balanced gut microbiota and has attracted great interest in recent years due to its efficacy and ease of use. FMT is now recommended as the most effective therapy for CDI not responding to standard therapies. Recent studies have suggested that dysbiosis is associated with a variety of disorders, and that FMT could be a useful treatment. Randomized controlled trial has been conducted in a number of disorders and shown positive results, including alcoholic hepatitis, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), pouchitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hepatic encephalopathy and metabolic syndrome. Case series/reports and pilot studies has shown positive results in other disorders including Celiac disease, functional dyspepsia, constipation, metabolic syndrome such as diabetes mellitus, multidrug-resistant, hepatic encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, pseudo-obstruction, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) or Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) infection, radiation-induced toxicity, multiple organ dysfunction, dysbiotic bowel syndrome, MRSA enteritis, Pseudomembranous enteritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and atopy. Despite FMT appears to be relatively safe and efficacious in treating a wide range of disease, its safety and efficacy in a usual clinical setting is unknown. More data is required to confirm safety and efficacy of FMT. Therefore, the investigators aim to conduct a pilot study to investigate the efficacy and safety of FMT in a variety of dysbiosis-associated disorder.
This is an observational, multicenter prospective study including up to 260 subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who use insulin injections (either basal insulin only or multiple daily injections (MDI)) and CGM or SMBG to manage their diabetes. The study aims to generate the database needed for future development and verification of insulin-glucose modules of subjects with diabetes using insulin injections. During the study, subjects will continue their regular diabetes management using their regular glucose monitoring method (either CGM or SMBG), insulin injections and oral medication (as applicable). Subjects will be requested to document glucose levels and insulin delivery during basal only or basal/bolus insulin treatment. In addition, subjects will have their daily activities recorded (meals, physical activity etc) using electronic log (implemented on the CGM/FGM receiver, Dedicated App, Neura App and/or other logbooks). Data will be captured during regular daily life using Insulin Connected pens and daily diary application software, for a period of 1 month.
The aim of the present study is to investigate epigenetics based modifications and biomarkers in the saliva and blood in diabetic patients.
The purpose of this study is to test whether sodium nitrite affects the expression of cellular proteins important for metabolic and vascular function in vascular offcuts and cardiac biopsies taken from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.
The transition from pediatric to adult care is particularly difficult for individuals with Type 1 diabetes. It is hypothesized that a mindfulness-based intervention for individuals making this transition will contribute to personal psychological well-being, superior participation in health care, and more tightly controlled blood sugar levels. Young adults with Type I diabetes will complete an eight-week training program in Mindful Self-Compassion. Intervention effectiveness will be assessed with both self-report and physiological measures. Assessments will occur at the start of the training program, end of the program, and three-months post-program.
The population of older Veterans with non-traumatic lower limb amputation is growing. Following lower limb amputation, asymmetrical movements persist during walking and likely contribute to disabling sequelae including secondary pain conditions, poor gait efficiency, impaired physical function, and compromised skin integrity of the residual limb. This study seeks to address chronic gait asymmetry by evaluating the efficacy of two error-manipulation gait training programs to improve gait symmetry for Veterans with non-traumatic lower limb amputation. Additional this study will evaluate the potential of error-manipulation training programs to improve secondary measures of disability and residual limb skin health. Ultimately, this study aims to improve conventional prosthetic rehabilitation for Veterans with non-traumatic amputation through gait training programs based in motor learning principles, resulting in improved gait symmetry and lower incidence of long-term disability after non-traumatic lower limb amputation.
Inadequate rehabilitation training after amputation can result in poor patient outcomes, injuries, and wasted healthcare resources. This is a serious public health problem due to an aging population and rising prevalence of diabetes (main cause of amputation in the U.S.). In this study, the investigators will examine the effects of external vs. internal attentional focus instruction on learning of a balance task in individuals with existing amputation and those at risk of amputation (older adults with diabetes). With the proposed research, the investigators aim to expand the understanding of motor learning in individuals with and at risk of lower limb loss to provide knowledge that will lead to more effective and efficient rehabilitation.
The study has two aims: 1. To (1a) determine the frequency of monogenic diabetes misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes (T1D) and (2) to define an algorithm for case selection. 2. To discover novel genes whose mutations cause monogenic diabetes misdiagnosed as T1D.
Health inequality and genetic disparity are a significant issue in the United Kingdom (UK). This study focuses on diseases that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the UK, and specifically examines the extent and basis of treatment failure in different patient populations. The vast majority of drug registration clinical trials have under-representation of ethnic minority populations. In addition, the wider Caucasian populations have reasonably different clinical characteristics to the population that participated in the drug licencing clinical trials. A consequence of this is that drugs are licensed for use in real-world general patient populations where the clinical trial results are simply not statistically significant to specifically demonstrate efficacy or safety in populations that were either absent or under-represented in the drug registration clinical trials. When these facts are considered alongside data that supports significant under-reporting of adverse events in the real-world setting within the UK (and globally, e.g the USA and Europe), it highlights that pharmacovigilance systems are unable to capture drug effectiveness and safety data in a manner that can reasonably assure appropriate prescribing in the wider patient populations. This large real-world research study aims to identify whether commonly prescribed drugs are effective in treating illnesses that cause significant poor health and death in the different patient populations that represent the UK. The goal of this study is to generate large quantitative data-sets that may inform clinical practice to reduce the existing health inequality and genetic disparity in the UK.
The national epidemiological survey showed that the prevalence rate of pre-diabetes was up to 35.7% in China. Previous study indicated that lifestyle intervention in people with impaired glucose tolerance could delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, patients with pre-diabetes do not pay enough attention to their glucose metabolism, and most of them rarely monitor their blood glucose. With the increasing use of smartphones, mobile applications (APPs) can be applied in the education and management of chronic diseases, including diabetes. Thus, the investigators will conduct a multi-centered, two-armed, open-labeled, randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether the behavioral intervention by a mobile APP can prevent the occurrence of diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The investigators hypothesize that behavioral intervention in pre-diabetes with using a mobile APP that incorporates nutrition, exercise and psychological support from trained professional doctors will: 1. Reduce the risk of the onset of diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance. 2. Increase the reversal rate of becoming normal glucose tolerance and reduce the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in pre-diabetes.