There are about 173942 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United States. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous sodium nitrite compared with placebo in reducing the occurrence of CSA-AK as diagnosed by KDIGO criteria during the first 72 hrs after cardiac surgery in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Secondary objectives are to determine whether IV sodium nitrite achieves adequate pharmacokinetics (PK) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of CPB.
Many patients with traumatic brain injuries (including strokes, blood clots, or other brain injuries) are given concentrated salt water solutions (hypertonic saline) in order to treat brain swelling (cerebral edema). Current therapies consist of a mixture of sodium and chloride, which can lead to high levels of serum chloride and increased total body water. High levels of chloride can cause acidosis, which can cause the body to function sub-optimally. Therefore, the investigators are proposing to use two concentrated solutions in these patients at the same time that will allow for a lower total volume of solution administration and reduce the rise in chloride to prevent acidosis. The main outcome will therefore be the patients sodium level, chloride level and serum pH.
Laparoscopic surgery (surgery with the use of a camera and small instruments) uses insufflation, which is the standard medical practice where CO2 (carbon dioxide) gas is blown into the abdomen to create space for surgical procedures. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether heating and humidifying surgical CO2 will reduce surgery-related inflammation and postoperative pain.
Remote ischemic preconditioning is a process of serial blood pressure cuff inflations and deflations that are performed prior to a procedure and have been shown in various other areas (coronary bypass surgery, vascular surgery, ST elevation myocardial infarctions) to decrease the rates of adverse events related to ischemic burden and renal injury. This procedure has not yet been studied in the population presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), even though ACS patients represent the majority of patients seen in the catheterization lab. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of this simple and safe procedure in this particular population.
This randomized phase II trial studies the side effects and how well melphalan hydrochloride works in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has come back or does not respond to treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as melphalan hydrochloride, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading.
The investigators' overarching goal is to investigate whether use of an augmented reality display system (utilized in addition to, not as a replacement to, conventional CT and MRI displays currently available in the procedure suite) streamlines the process of a procedure and/or provides ease of access to helpful pre-procedure and intra-procedure imaging information that would be more difficult and time-consuming to obtain with the conventional imaging display systems.
Neural injury is a well-known complication following extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF). It has been found that up to 9.4% of patients will have either temporary or persistent neurologic deficit. This occurs with traversal of the psoas muscle or direct injury to lumbosacral plexus or sympathetic ganglion. While often temporary, it can cause hip flexor weakness, thigh numbness, or pain. Several studies have demonstrated reduced patient reported pain scores following steroid administration, particularly in the early postoperative period. However, few studies have investigated the efficacy of intraoperative local injection of corticosteroid in reducing the incidence and duration of postoperative pain or neurologic injury for XLIF patients.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled biomarker study in renal transplant recipients with actinic damage and a history of basal cell carcinomas and/or cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. There will be two arms to the study: 1) daily oral UAB30 for 28 days; and 2) daily oral placebo for 28 days. The total duration of the study is anticipated to be 5 years. The hypothesis being tested is that a significantly greater percentage of subjects randomized to oral UAB30 over a period of 28 days will achieve ≥30% reduction in biomarkers of proliferation and ≥30% increase in apoptosis biomarkers than those who receive placebo. Cyclin D1 will serve as the primary biomarker. This investigation will determine whether subjects randomized to UAB30 have an increase in all trans-retinoic acid responsive genes in the skin compared to those receiving placebo. This will include an examination of target effects of UAB30 by evaluating its effects in vivo in humans on the DNA damage response and Src signaling pathways.
Many individuals have difficulty with word retrieval, also called anomia, following cerebrovascular accident (CVA). These difficulties impede effective communication in everyday conversations and can negatively impact the resumption of pre-injury activities. Even after rehabilitation specifically targeting these areas, many individuals report persistent difficulties with anomia. Additionally, most individuals report that these difficulties worsen when distracted, fatigued, or when attempting to divide attention between tasks. Given that everyday activities frequently require efficient communication when attention is divided (e.g., walking and talking), it is important to investigate viable interventions to improve these skills. Recovery from CVA and resumption of pre-injury activities is best supported by rehabilitation interventions that are functional and directly related to the tasks individuals aim to resume. For example, a therapy task requiring an individual to generate a grocery list and then go to a grocery store to acquire the items on the list has a greater impact on recovery for the underlying language and cognitive skills than a series of generic language and cognition tasks completed in a therapy room. In addition to this, interventions that incorporate dual-task practices tend to have better outcomes than more traditional single-task practices. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of pairing word retrieval tasks with physical endurance tasks versus presenting them in isolation. Additionally, this study will investigate whether improvements in word retrieval and physical endurance generalize to the functional, everyday task of holding a conversation while walking. The researchers hypothesize that participants will perform better on word retrieval tasks after participating in dual language and physical tasks than after participating in language tasks presented in isolation.
Hemorrhage remains the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Tranexamic acid has been shown to reduce rates of hemorrhage when given prophylactically prior to cesarean delivery. It has also been shown to be an effective treatment in response to hemorrhage after a vaginal delivery. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of TXA on hemorrhage rates when given prophylactically prior to all deliveries.