There are about 751 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Kenya. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Patients who have myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery are at a higher risk of dying than those who do not. One in 10 patients with myocardial injury will die within 30 days of surgery. This risk of death exists up to one year after myocardial injury. There are currently no treatments or guidelines available for heart injury after surgery, but there is evidence that taking a blood-thinner can prevent some of the deaths, both in the short and long-term. The purpose of this trial is to test the effect of two drugs (dabigatran and omeprazole) that may prevent mortality, major cardiovascular complications and major upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients who have had myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery.
Many school children in Kenya are infected with plasmodia and helminth species and are at risk of coinfection. It has been suggested that the immune response evoked by helminth infections may modify immune responses to plasmodia species and consequently alter infection and disease risks. However, studies conducted to date have been typically cross-sectional and produced conflicting results, and there is a need for longitudinal studies to better understand the clinical consequences for individuals harbouring coinfection. This study aims to investigate the impact of intensive (once every 3 months) anthelminthic treatment versus annual treatment on the risk of clinical malaria and on immune responses among school children aged 5-14 years in Western Province. Specifically, this study aims to investigate the impact of intensive anthelminthic treatment on (i) the incidence of clinical malaria in school children, assessed using active case detection; (ii) the prevalence and density of Plasmodium spp. infection, using repeat cross-sectional surveys; and (iii) malaria and helminth specific immune responses. The study hypothesis is that intensive anthelminthic treatment among children infected with either Ascaris lumbricoides or hookworm modifies human host immune responses to plasmodia and helminth infections, and therefore alters the risk of Plasmodium infection and clinical disease. This individually randomised trial will recruit 1,450 children aged 5-14 years found to be infected with either Ascaris lumbricoides or hookworm species. Recruited children will be randomized to receive albendazole treatment either every three months or annually and monitored through periodic surveillance for clinical malaria episodes over 18 months. In addition, blood samples will be collected from sub-sample of children and screened for malaria specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgG3 and helminth specific IgE, IgG2, IgG4 and IgM. Cell culture supernatants will be assayed for interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-5, IL-4 and IL-2.
Although gains have been made in achieving the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDG), much is still needed in countries affected by high levels of HIV/AIDS. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) is a cornerstone strategy in reducing infant mortality from HIV. The study will employ a cluster randomized control trial (cRCT) with 26 health facilities randomized to two arms (intervention or control) to determine the effect of mobile phone technology on completion of key PMTCT milestones from antenatal to six weeks postpartum. The study will examine the acceptability, effectiveness, and cost of implementing a PMTCT-focused mHealth strategy among HIV-infected pregnant women, health workers, and male partners.
The study was done to: - test a strategy of using a resistance test to choose anti-HIV drugs - see how well combinations of new anti-HIV drugs work to lower HIV infection - see if taking new anti-HIV drugs together is safe and tolerable - see if text messages improve people's anti-HIV drug-taking behavior (only at sites participating in the adherence study) - in people taking certain combinations of anti-HIV drugs with an anti-TB drug, compare how these drugs act in the body - to see how people do after they stop having frequent clinic visits as part of a research study
The purpose of this study was to see if antiretroviral therapy (ART) is safe and works at getting rid of malaria in blood and to see whether one type of ART is better than another. This study may offer information for further research in looking at whether ART plays a role in the prevention and treatment of malaria.
The investigators hypothesize that home based HIV counseling and testing can increase male partner uptake of HIV testing during pregnancy. The investigators study aims through a randomized clinical trial to determine whether a home-based model (HBM) versus a partner-friendly clinic model (PFM) can increase male uptake of HIV counseling and testing during pregnancy.
The main purpose of this implementation science study is to find out if providing aPS at 18 different Ministry of Health (MOH) VCT clinics in Kenya works and is cost-effective. This would enable co-investigators in the Kenyan MOH to justify funding to scale-up these services. The primary aim of the study is to find out whether providing aPS to sexual partners of newly tested HIV-infected individuals can result in more sexual partners getting counseled and HIV tested and linked to HIV care programs for initiation of ART if appropriate. The investigators hypothesize that aPS will increase rates of case-finding, linkages to care, and ART initiation and will not result in social harm. The second aim is whether aPS is cost-effective in the Kenyan setting. The investigators will estimate how much it costs (when compared to standard methods) to identify and link HIV-infected persons into care. The investigators will also determine how successful aPS is at preventing future HIV transmission events and other outcomes associated with untreated HIV infection. The investigators hypothesize that HIV prevalence among partners in the immediate aPS arm will be high enough to make this approach cost-effective from the payer and societal perspective. Finally, with the Kenya MOH, the investigators want to establish a nationwide monitoring system to evaluate why Kenyans are testing for HIV. In the future, when aPS is rolled out nationally, this will help Kenyan public health officials define the contribution of aPS to HIV case-finding. The investigators hypothesize that the proportion of newly tested HIV-infected individuals who report testing because of known exposure to a person with HIV will represent a significant proportion of new cases and the investigators will be able to identify places in Kenya where aPS will have the greatest impact on HIV treatment and prevention.
The overall aim of the project is to provide proof-of-principle that biofortification of cassava with vitamin A is a viable strategy to improve vitamin A status of deficient populations.
Fish oil omega-3 supplements provide essential nutrients for brain health and functioning. These nutrients have been proven to be effective in reducing depressive symptoms. They have also been found to be effective and well tolerated in reducing the bad fat accumulation among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)and are using highly active antiretroviral treatment. The role of this nutritional supplement in combating depression among pregnant women who are living with HIV infection has however not been established. Yet, currently, more than 2 million pregnant women are estimated to be living with HIV infection globally. In Kenya, about 9.0% of pregnant women are HIV-seropositive. In this study, it is hypothesized that there is no difference in the levels of depressive symptoms among HIV infected pregnant women who are taking omega-3 fish oil supplements and those taking a placebo. The study will therefore seek to ascertain that taking omega-3 fish oil nutritional supplement has a significant positive effect on depressive symptoms among HIV infected pregnant women, compared to a placebo.
Despite overwhelming need for effective HIV palliative care in sub-Saharan Africa, a systematic appraisal of the literature found almost no outcome or evaluative evidence. Aim: The investigators aim to evaluate the efficacy of HIV palliative care training and a simple palliative care assessment tool provided to nurses of patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), and to evaluate this in terms of patient outcomes under clinical experimental conditions in 2 African countries using randomised controlled trial (RCT) designs. Intervention being tested: Within each well-established HIV ART clinic, patients will be randomly allocated to either continue receiving standard care (control group) or to receive standard care plus appointments with a clinic nurse trained in basic palliative care (intervention group). Methods: Design: Each Phase III clinical trial (i.e. one trial in each of 2 countries) will be powered and conducted in parallel to a common research design protocol, thus permitting evidence of outcomes that reflects 2 different ART providers, providing evidence of palliative care efficacy relevant to different HIV care settings. Primary outcome: Each trial has been powered to a primary endpoint of pain control. Secondary outcomes: The secondary outcomes are the core domains of palliative care as defined by the WHO (i.e. physical, including symptoms, psychological, social and spiritual) and measured by the APCA African POS. Further secondary outcomes measured will be: adherence to treatment; risk behaviours; health-related quality of life; psychological morbidity. Inclusion: Patients will be screened and invited into the trial if they are on ART, score 3-5 on the 0-5 APCA African POS pain or symptom items, are 18 years or older, and can give informed consent to trial entry and data collection. Analysis: An intention-to-treat analysis will be conducted to determine treatment response differences between the two conditions. In order to maximise the efficiency of longitudinal data, multi-level modelling will be applied as appropriate.