There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
This is an observational, prospective, non-randomized, multicenter, post approval study being conducted in the United States, Europe and Asia-Pacific Regions.
The primary objective of the study is to assess the effect of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibition on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of BIIB074. The secondary objectives of this study are to assess the safety and tolerability of BIIB074 when co-administered with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and to assess the effect of CYP3A4 inhibition on the PK of 3 metabolites of BIIB074 (CNV3000497 [M13], CNV2283325 [M14], and CNV2288584 [M16]).
Patients with severe Haemophilia A need prophylactic factor VIII to reduce their risk of joint and soft tissue bleeds and to prevent or reduce joint damage. It is common practice to give enough factor VIII to maintain the trough level above 1% of normal and this has been supported in retrospective studies. The amount of factor VIII required to maintain this trough level varies markedly between patients because their factor VIII half lives are different. This study will assess the role of regular pharmacokinetic (PK)monitoring and dose adjusted factor VIII to establish whether this is a more cost effective way of giving treatment and whether it is feasible in routine clinical practice. Patients will be treated for 6 months with their standard factor VIII regimen and followed up to establish their bleed frequency. They will then receive pharmacokinetic adjusted factor VIII to maintain a trough above 1.5% for a year and their bleed rate compared to standard treatment. If they have increased break through bleeds their factor VIII will be increased to maintain a trough of 3%.
SGLT2 inhibitors have been proven to be effective in several preclinical rodent models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Using a choline deficient diet to recapitulate some of the histological features of human non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), it was found that 5 weeks of SGLT2 inhibition led to significant reductions in hepatic triglyceride content and improved markers of liver fibrosis. Similarly, 4 weeks of treatment in obese mice led to improved glucose tolerance, reduced hepatic steatosis and reduced markers of liver oxidative stress in a dose dependent manner. These findings corresponded with an improvement in traditional liver function tests including the aminotransferases (ALT and AST). The widely used antidiabetic agent metformin has been shown in rodent models to increase hepatic insulin sensitivity and lower liver fat content which is in contrast to the findings in humans where metformin increases hepatic insulin sensitivity, reduces body weight but does not decrease liver fat content. The reason for the discrepancy between the animal and human studies, with regards to liver fat content remains unclear. The investigators hypothesise the following: - SGLT2 Inhibitors have the potential to decrease lipid accumulation in the liver through reduced de novo lipogenesis (DNL) - There will be no decrease in endogenous lipid synthesis (DNL) with metformin and thus no change in liver fat content. There are two arms to this study. - Arm 1: x10 participants with poorly controlled type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) who have been recommended to start an SGLT2 inhibitor called dapagliflozin will be recruited. - Arm 2: x13 participants with insulin resistance who have not yet started any diabetic medication will be recruited and will be prescribed metformin at standard clinical doses. The two arms will run in parallel and all participants will undergo identical investigations before and after 3 months of treatment with either dapagliflozin or metformin. Investigations will include liver magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy, fat biopsy, fat microdialysis sampling, two-step hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, breath sampling and stable glucose and palmitate isotope infusions. The investigators aim to show that SGLT2 inhibition decreases liver fat whereas we aim to demonstrate why liver fat remains unchanged in humans, treated with metformin. These data will provide the first evidence for the use SGLT2 inhibitors in NAFLD, and will be highly informative for the design of future clinical studies. Moreover, the data gained from the metformin arm of the study will provide the first mechanistic evidence in humans of the effects of metformin on hepatic fatty acid metabolism.
Clinical trial looking to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MEDI3902 in mechanically ventilated participants for the prevention of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
This is a proof-of-concept study to determine the safety and efficacy of a novel device to increase the reparative capacity of the knee. The discovery of a resident population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within synovial fluid (SF) was the first description of this reparative cell population having direct access to superficial cartilage and joint structures. The ready access of SF MSC to cartilage and other joint tissues offers a novel strategy for joint repair. Current arthroscopic procedures result in the removal of all SF MSCs due to continuous irrigation throughout the procedure. The current study would benefit the patient by greatly increasing the reparative capacity of the joint by bolstering MSC numbers and retaining those MSCs within the joint after surgery. By accessing MSCs from the synovium it is anticipated that these cells would be entrapped/migrate into the marrow clot formed by microfracture of the sub-chondral bone. These MSCs would supplement those from the marrow and may result in faster, better quality repair.
Studies have shown that certain compounds inside vegetables can reduce the risk of cancer. Carrots in particular have an association with reduced incidence of colorectal, bladder and breast cancer. Compounds in carrots, called polyacetylenes, have been studied in isolated cells that have shown a reduction in cancer cells as well as inflammatory markers which have been associated with an increased risk of cancer. These polyacetylenes have not been well studied in the human body and it is unclear whether they are able to affect the biomarkers of health (disease) including DNA damage and inflammatory markers. The aim of this research project is to determine whether eating a portion of white carrots every day for 6 weeks can lead to a reduction in DNA damage and inflammatory markers compared to a control period of 6 weeks consuming a polyacetylene-free diet and a control food of a high fibre oat biscuit.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor-experienced participants with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (rad-axSpA).
Polyacetylenes, compounds found naturally in carrots, have shown promising anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory actions in vitro but have not been tested in vivo. To determine whether the polyacetylenes could have an effect in vivo, this study aims to determine whether they are detectible in human biofluids after the consumption of a portion of carrots and whether a difference is seen between a large and small portion.
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of secukinumab compared to placebo in patients with nr-axSpA at Week 16 as well as Week 52 and long term efficacy and safety up to Week 104 (core phase) followed by an optional extension phase consisting of a 16-week randomized dose escalation treatment period and a continuous treatment period for up to Week 208