There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Anal Acoustic Reflectometry (AAR) is a reliable and reproducible technique that has been studied in our department over the last 6 years. Sound waves pass into a balloon placed in the anal canal and are used to measure the cross-sectional area. By gradually increasing and decreasing the pressure in the balloon the investigators can measure the pressure at which the cross-sectional area starts to increase and decrease, and the anal canal starts to open and close. This assessment mimics the natural opening and closing of the anal canal and the effect of squeezing the muscles. Rectal intussusception occurs when the rectal wall telescopes into itself distally and is termed prolapse when it protrudes through the anal canal. Not all patients will require surgery and, for some, it can lead to debilitating symptoms of constipation, pain and faecal incontinence. Currently, the Oxford grading system through radiological testing is used for classifying severity of rectal intussusception and prolapse; however this does not give us sufficient information about the anal sphincter muscles. The gold standard investigation of the anal sphincter muscles has been manometry which measures anal canal pressure at rest and during squeeze. However, it has limitations. In previous studies AAR has shown promise in the assessment of faecal incontinence and, that unlike manometry, it has been able to distinguish between different types of incontinence. Thus far, it has not been studied in patients with rectal intussusception and it is hoped that AAR parameters may provide an indication of when rectal intussusception becomes overt rectal prolapse. This can inform the clinician to guide further management of a group of patients with a condition that can have significant impact on quality of life.
The new device we are looking at is called the MarginProbe. It is a disposable probe which measures the margins of tissue removed to check they are clear of cancer cells, during breast conservation surgery. After specimen radiology, allows the Surgeon to remove further tissue if necessary, during the same operation if any involved margins are identified. This minimises the need for further repeat operations. Previous studies carried out elsewhere in the world (USA and Israel) have identified that the probe reduces re-excision rate but there has never been a study in the UK. The trial involves randomly allocating patients once they are in theatre, to either the MarginProbe procedure after breast conserving surgery and radiology has been completed, or not.
The investigators will collect a range of physiological, behavioural and environmental data using current mHealth and home-monitoring systems, environmental databases and patient characteristics, to determine to what extent asthma control and the occurrence of asthma exacerbations can be predicted.
This study will assess potentially predictive markers of efficacy in participants with NSCLC receiving oral erlotinib (Tarceva) therapy. The anticipated time on study treatment is until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or death.
This study is a single centre, non-randomised, post market clinical follow up examining retrospective patient data from a series of surgical cases; which involved the endoprosthetic replacement of the proximal humerus using the Stanmore Implant Worldwide METS (Modular Endoprosthetic Tumour System) Proximal Humeral system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the retrospective patient data where patients have been followed up for at least 12 months post operation; to demonstrate the safety of the METS Proximal Humeral replacement system.
LEROS is an open-label interventional Phase IV study, designed to further assess the efficacy and safety of Raxone® in the long-term treatment of LHON patients.
This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of this trial is to investigate the effect of oral semaglutide compared with placebo on postprandial glucose and triglyceride metabolism, energy intake, appetite sensations and gastric emptying in subjects with Type 2 diabetes
There are many forms of small bowel disease but their direct consequences on small bowel function are often very hard, if not impossible, to establish. It would be helpful if there was a reliable blood test to find out how well cells in the intestine are working. The amino acid citrulline is produced mainly by these cells, and therefore holds promise as a biological marker. Some previous studies have shown that fasting citrulline gave a good indication as to how many intestinal cells were present. However, other authors have not been able to confirm this. Most of the citrulline in the blood is derived from another amino acid, glutamine, in a metabolic process that occurs in the intestinal cells, and most of the remainder comes from another amino acid, arginine. A further potential marker of intestinal cell function is the amino acid 3-methylhistidine. It is possible that a dynamic test, which incorporates time for conversion from one amino acid to another in the intestinal cells, might perform better. The investigators therefore propose a study of oral glutamine, arginine, and 3-methylhistidine compared with citrulline itself or placebo (glucose) as it is hypothesized that these might increase the amount of citrulline more reproducibly. An initial study in healthy subjects is required to establish whether this is true, and if so to provide a normal range prior to investigation of patients who have or who might have the short bowel syndrome, and in whom the test would be clinically useful. In this study, the subjects will take each of the amino acids and placebo in random order. Between each 6 hour-long visit the subjects will have at least one week where they are independent of the research team and during which they can behave normally. During each visit subjects will have a sequence of blood samples from an in-dwelling venous cannula, taken before and over 6 hours after a single small oral dose of that day's amino acid given as a small volume drink. Urine will also be collected for amino acid assay.
Background An earlier pilot study provided evidence that about 40% of tinnitus sufferers reported that viewing particular tints of light appeared to result in some improvement of their tinnitus. This ameliorative effect appeared to be primarily acute and only reported to occur whilst viewing the tint. Individual patients would choose differing tints with some identifying more than one tint that affected their tinnitus. Aim of the Study In this current basic science study, the aim is to provide preliminary data to return estimates of the efficacy of using tinted light to ameliorate tinnitus. After identification of responders during screening, responders are invited to attend three further trial sessions, where their tinnitus is assessed in response to three luminance conditions: Low Ambient Light; Tint of Light affecting Tinnitus; White Light. The response to low ambient light serves as a control to compare the effect of tinted light against and the response to white light serves as an 'active' stimulus comparator. These results will then establish whether tinted light provides patients with a useful improvement in their tinnitus compared with measures of their baseline tinnitus obtained in the dark and against a standardised white light stimulus. They will also inform further development of the technique as a potential treatment for tinnitus in responsive patients. Over the three sessions, the averaged responses given by the patient under each stimulus condition will be analysed to provide a measure of efficacy.
Crohn's disease (CD) is becoming more common, specifically in the western world. One of the main features of this disease is weight loss and malnutrition. Although clinically common, these problems are not well understood. Loss of appetite and symptoms such as tummy aches and bloating are common causes for weight loss in this group of patients. This problem has a strong negative effect on the patients' quality of life and significantly increases the cost of treating CD. Enteroendocrine cells are nutrient sensors in the bowel that relay to the brain to control food intake. Recent evidence has showed that these cells increase in number in active CD and secrete more hormones that negatively affect appetite. The increased levels of these hormones should have an overall negative effect on the brain and thus decrease food intake, bloating, symptoms of sickness. All these symptoms lead to malnutrition. These are hypotheses that require further proof. Current technological advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled the mapping of changes in activity in important areas in the brain that control food intake. The involvement of the brain in control of food intake is still not fully understood. This work will be the first step in the right direction to start targeting the problems of appetite, weight loss and a poor quality of life.