There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Study Hypothesis: Intervention with metformin therapy early in pregnancy will prevent gestational diabetes mellitus recurring in previously affected pregnancies.
The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the long term safety and efficacy of LON002.
This is an observational study in pregnant mothers and their newborn babies. The rationale of the study is to examine early markers of the effects of iodine insufficiency during pregnancy on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroglobulin in mother and baby.
The Investigators have designed this exploratory study in patients suffering from zygapophysial joint mediated pain to investigate if a correlation exists between inter-individual genetic variability (genotype) with treatment response (phenotype). More specifically, the investigators aim to identify any form of correlation between a specific SNP of the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and the effectiveness and/or duration of radiofrequency facet joint neurotomy. The study population is patients suffering from chronic low back pain who have been scheduled for radiofrequency neurotomy following the diagnosis of facet joint mediated pain (using medial branch block test). The investigators will evaluate if a common variant of BDNF gene (Val66Met) can be directly correlated to a significant degree of pain relief following RF treatment, and whether the result of such a procedure can be predicted from a specific genetic profile.
To evaluate the use of the CAMbridge PROstate Biopsy devicE (CAMPROBE) as a method of undertaking prostate biopsy as part of their clinical management.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) is a well established treatment modality for brain tumors and functional disorders of the brain. It relies on mathematical algorithms to predict dose distribution and to calculate the dose at arbitrary points in the head. For the last 25 years, doses applied using Gamma Knife Radiosurgery have been calculated using a simple algorithm, called the Tissue Maximum Ratio algorithm (TMR). Dose planning using this algorithm, relies on a number of approximations to enable fast isodose computation during treatment planning. One of the most significant of these is the approximation of the head to water-equivalent density. The increased electron density of brain and bone (relative to water) and the near-zero density of air cavities in the skull may make significant perturbations to isodose and beam-on time calculations. With the advent of faster workstations, the effect of tissue in-homogeneities can finally be calculated in reasonable time during the treatment planning process; a newer, more modern algorithm known as convolution algorithm is now commercially available. It uses the values of density indicated in the CT scan to predict the dose distribution and is expected to more accurately calculate radiation dose, although it needs further investigation before clinical implementation. Inter- and intra-indication differences between the old and new algorithms need to be understood before this method can be confidently employed in a clinical setting. It is the aim of this study to understand the dosimetric differences between these dose calculation algorithms and to evaluate the implications of using the convolution algorithm for GKR. A large number of treatments will be re-planned using the convolution algorithm and compared to the TMR plans used to treat the patients. Beam-on-time, which is proportional to dose and a number of commonly used metrics for the targets such as coverage, selectivity, gradient index, and mean and maximum dose, will be estimated with both algorithms. Subgroup analysis will be done to assess whether any factor such as diagnosis, size of the head or location of the target could impact on the relative difference between the methods. The treatment plans will be compared and the potential implications on treatment planning will be elucidated.
Respiratory rate (RR) is a vital sign used to monitor clinical condition of a patient. Various devices using different techniques are available to measure RR. One technique, capnography, uses continuous monitoring of expired gases, via a nasal cannula to assess end tidal CO2 concentration. This long-established technique is frequently used for patients in intensive care. Both RR and the shape of the capnogram waveform, which has a wave pattern marked by alternating inspiratory and expiratory phases, are used to help monitor the patient. Clinician Over-scored End Tidal C02 (COSC) waveform (whereby an expert identifies and scores each breath on the waveform and counts the number of breaths per minute) is considered to be a "gold standard" for measuring RR. Being able to record RR, without contact or interference with the patient is appealing because it requires minimal patient co-operation, enables measurements even during acute respiratory conditions, and may be more representative of "real life" physiology. Based on a principle originally described in the 1980s, a novel instrument that uses a completely non-contact system based on structured light plethysmography (SLP) has recently been designed by Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust. The device has been refined with the development of the Thora-3Di by Pneumacare Ltd, Cambridge. A grid of visible light is projected onto the thoraco-abdominal wall and two digital video cameras record changes in the grid pattern due to breathing motion. A waveform is produced by the anterior excursion of the thoraco-abdominal wall (SLPVol) over time, and a numerical output of RR is provided . The present study aims to simultaneously measure tidal breathing with the Thora-3Di and a BCI Capnograph 9004 device to compare the Thora-3Di RR output against that of the gold standard clinician over-scored end-tidal C02 (COSC) and to assess equivalence of the two devices with the aim to establishing the validity of SLP for RR measurement.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the feasibility of introducing an exercise programme for endometrial cancer survivors.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether it is possible to manage the flow of blood through blood vessels using varying levels of carbon dioxide during cardiac surgery, and what effect this has on how well the major organs of the body work.
This study is to further develop and optimise the design and manufacturing process of a handheld device to monitor and manage Warfarin (blood thinning anticoagulation drug) therapy. The device comprises of a handheld instrument and a disposable test strip and reports how blood coagulation is working in terms of standardised units called International Normalised Ratio (INR). A single drop of fresh whole blood and plasma will be added to the strip and the INR result displayed on the instrument. Blood samples are to be collected from patients attending a hospital based INR clinic who are on Warfarin Therapy. The samples are to be used in a series of experiments in the laboratory to test the Microvisk POC INR Monitors accuracy, precision, stability and robustness.