There are about 28871 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Canada. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Introduction. The multifactorial chylomicronemia ((MCM), also known as type V hyperlipoproteinaemia or mixed hyperlipidaemia) is an oligogenic or polygenic disorder that is associated with a reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity which leads to chylomicronemia. In this disease, very high concentrations of serum triglycerides (≥10 mmol/l (≥880 mg/dL)) can be observed in the fasting state due to the accumulation of both VLDL-C and chylomicron. In patients with MCM, chylomicronemia typically occur in adulthood and is exacerbated by the presence of secondary factors such as a diet rich in dietary fats and simple sugars, obesity, alcohol intake and uncontrolled diabetes. It has been estimated that chylomicronemia can be found in 1:600 adults. However, it is likely that the prevalence of MCM may increase in the future due to the increasing prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. This condition increases the risk of acute pancreatitis, which can be recurrent and potentially fatal. Indeed, the risk of acute pancreatitis is 10-20% for TG levels > 22.58 mmol/L (>2000 mg/dL). Furthermore, because MCM patients often present with other lipid disturbances as well as a worse metabolic profile, these patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Fortunately, MCM patients generally respond well to modifications in lifestyle, to treatment of secondary factors and to triglycerides lowering therapies such as fibrates. However, it is still unknown which kind of diet has the greatest effect on triglycerides level and on the metabolic profile in MCM patients. The nutritional recommendations can be very different according to the nature of the patient's population to be treated. In order to reduce and manage triglycerides level in the general population, the American Heart Association guidelines recommend reduction of simple carbohydrates intake. On the other hand, the nutritional intervention strategy is quite different for subjects affected by familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), for which the treatment focuses on restriction of dietary fat. FCS is a very rare autosomal recessive disease that leads to a drastic reduction of chylomicrons clearance leading to chylomicronaemia. Therefore, a very strict lipid-controlled diet low in long-chain fatty acid (10-30g/day or 10%-15% of total energy intake) is required in order to lower chylomicron formation. MCM is a complex condition in which both an increased VLDL formation by the liver and a decreased chylomicrons and VLDL clearance are present. Furthermore, triglycerides values are fluctuating from day to day but generally remain very high. Therefore, the best dietary approach for these patients remains to be elucidated. Primary Objective. The primary objective of this study is to compare the effects of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diets on fasting serum triglyceride concentrations. Secondary Objectives. 1. To compare the effects of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diets on other fasting cardiometabolic parameters: measured LDL-C, total cholesterol, HDL-C, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, apoB, non-HDL-C, hs-CRP, PCSK9 and free fatty acids (FFA). 2. To compare the effects of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diets on SBP, DBP and waist circumference. 3. To compare the effects of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diets on lipoprotein subfractions (fasting). 4. To compare the effects of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate meals on postprandial triglycerides, insulin, glucose, FFA and PCSK9 after a standardized test meal. 5. To assess the patients' appreciation, compliance and tolerability for each experimental diet (feedback questionnaire).
Obesity and diabetes are a significant global burden and there is an immediate need for novel treatments and management strategies. Our laboratory determined that avocado derived 17 carbon polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFAs) are inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) that impart minimal toxicity in mice. FAO is altered in numerous disease states including obesity and diabetes. In these chronic diseases, excessive FAO in muscle and liver mitochondria cause metabolic overload and inefficiency which drives obesity-associated glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity. The increased FAO that occurs in obese and diabetic individuals depletes several substrates and intermediates of the Krebs cycle, making them less efficient at using oxidative phosphorylation for energy, which can ultimately lead to glucose insensitivity and weight gain. For these reasons, inhibition of FAO is now an established therapeutic approach for the treatment of type II diabetes as reducing FAO: i) improves cellular metabolism to shift towards the more thermogenic oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and ii) reduces hyperglycemia via inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis while improving glucose homeostasis. In collaboration with an industry partner, Advanced Orthomolecular Research (AOR; Calgary, AB), the investigators have developed a supplement containing a blend of 17-carbon PFAs found inside a commercially available food grade avocado powder. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine if the avocado derived supplement is safe for oral consumption compared to a placebo-controlled group.
The study will determine the effect of inhaled fluticasone furoate on airway responsiveness to methacholine in mild asthmatics.
The benefits of a diet enriched with omega-3 fatty acids are multiple and confirmed by several clinical studies. Supplementation with vitamin K, a fat-soluble vitamin, can increase or maintain bone density in postmenopausal women and reduce the risk of fracture. In addition, some studies show that vitamin K may promote the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids. Fish oil, rich in omega-3, is one of the world's favorite forms of omega-3 supplements. However, many people suffer from gastrointestinal discomfort when ingesting fish oil capsules. To minimize these discomforts and improve plasmatic omega-3 bioavailability, Neptune Wellness Solutions has developed a patented formulation of fish oil called MaxSimil®, where omega-3s are in the monoglyceride (MAG) form, a predigested omega-3 form. This formulation has been tested in humans in a double-blind controlled-randomized pharmacokinetic (PK) pilot study with crossover design. PK is defined as a monitoring of omega-3 levels in the blood by frequent blood sampling over a period of 24 hours following the ingestion of a single dose of omega-3. The results obtained showed that MaxSimil® omega-3s are 3 times more absorbed in the blood than the comparison formulation, a source of omega-3 in the ethyl ester (EE) form. Although this first study confirms a greater bioavailability of MaxSimil®, a complementary PK study is necessary to confirm these results and to correct an important methodological bias. In fact, the pilot study did not include a comparator group where omega-3s were in the triglyceride (TG) form, the most widely omega-3 form currently consumed, but rather use an EE form, which have lower bioavailability than TG form. This may therefore have biased the study from the point of view of the comparator and thus give the impression that the comparator had been deliberately chosen to be less bioavailable than the MaxSimil®. In order to confirm the superiority of MaxSimil® (omega-3 MAG form), both in terms of bioavailability and incidence of side effects, the aim of this study is to redo a PK study using this time two comparators, the two main forms of omega-3 currently used (TG and EE forms), as well as a supplementation with vitamin K2 (a form of vitamin K). Our hypothesis is that MaxSimil® will be associated with a better omega-3 bioavailability and a lower incidence of side effects than the other two forms (TG and EE), and possibly also with a better vitamin K bioavailability.
The present study will determine the impact of interrupting prolonged sitting with short, 2-minute walks or body-weight squats on: i) postprandial glycemia and insulinemia, and; ii) postprandial utilization of dietary amino acids. We hypothesize that postprandial glycemia and insulinemia will be similarly improved by interrupting prolonged sitting with short walks or body-weight squats, whereas postprandial utilization of dietary amino acids will only be improved by interrupting prolonged sitting with body-weight squats.
This is a study to demonstrate the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of bimekizumab administered subcutaneously (sc) compared with placebo in the treatment of tumor necrosis factor alpha-inadequate responders (TNFα-IR) subjects with active Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA).
A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial to compare the efficacy and safety of 2 different batches of subcutaneous dasiglucagon in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)
The objective of this study is to investigate an aerobic exercise program as a treatment for adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) following mild traumatic brain injury. In this delayed-start trial participants will be initially randomized into either a 6-week low-impact stretching protocol or 12-week aerobic exercise protocol. Following the completion of the stretching protocol participants will continue on to complete the aerobic exercise protocol in full. 56 participants aged 18-65 yrs will be recruited from the Calgary Brain Injury Program (CBIP), including the Early Concussion Education Program at Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary Pain Program, University of Calgary Sports Medicine Centre acute concussion clinic and a physiotherapy clinic (Tower Physio) all of which are located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Participants will complete an online follow up (symptom questionnaires and questions regarding exercise behaviour) 3 and 9 weeks post intervention.
This multicenter study is being conducted to provide additional PF-06826647 safety and tolerability data, and to further explore the clinical efficacy of PF-06826647 in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Additionally, the study is intended to enable selection of oral dose and dosing regimen for the future clinical development of PF-06826647.
This is a study to demonstrate the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of bimekizumab administered subcutaneously (sc) compared with placebo in the treatment of subjects with active Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA).