View clinical trials related to Constriction, Pathologic.
Filter by:Pyloric stenosis is a condition that develops in infants and that leads to an obstruction of the channel going out of the stomach. This study is being performed to determine if there is an advantage to the laparoscopic approach or the open approach for the surgical correction of the enlarged pylorus.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether carotid angioplasty with stent (CAS) is as safe and effective as carotid surgery in regards to: 1. the risk of stroke and death within 30 days of the procedure; 2. the long-term risk of ipsilateral carotid territory stroke, in patients with recently symptomatic, severe carotid stenosis suitable for both CAS and carotid endarterectomy.
There is evidence that the degenerative changes leading to aortic stenosis are caused by a chronic inflammatory process. Furthermore the development of aortic stenosis is partially dependent on typical cardiovascular risk factors. An inflammatory process as well as those risk factors are amenable for medical therapy. As such the use of statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) would be an appealing concept to reduce both those risks for development of aortic stenosis. Aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of statin therapy on the progression of aortic stenosis.
Recent technical advances in percutaneous coronary interventions have made it possible to approach patients with coronary lesions formerly considered to be classical candidates for bypass surgery, e.g. patients with left main coronary stenosis. However, it is still unclear whether the good long-term results achieved with the surgical therapy can be reproduced by an interventional strategy using drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of the current trial is, therefore, to compare the clinical and angiographic results of PCI and CABG in patients with left main coronary stenosis.
Vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) decreases posterior brain perfusion, causing vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI). It is also an important embolic source to the posterior brain. The most frequently involved location is the proximal part of the vessel, including the ostium. Various surgical procedures have been described for the treatment of proximal VAS with symptoms refractory to medical therapy, but all are technically difficult with high operative mortality and morbidity. Endovascular intervention has been described as an alternative to surgery. Balloon angioplasty is limited by elastic recoil and dissection. The restenosis rates reported in the literature varied, as high as 75 %. Stenting offers salvage following unsuccessful balloon angioplasty, and primary stenting have been shown to be safe and effective with lower restenosis rate. Coronary equipments are ideal for ostial VAS, considering the size of the artery and location of the lesion. Recently, Albuquerque et al. reports a relative high restenosis rate in a longer follow-up duration. Restenosis seems to become an important issue regarding the patients’ quality of life. However, there is no clinical parameter to predict restenosis of VAS. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical results of our series of symptomatic ostial VAS treated exclusively with tubular balloon expandable coronary stents. We sought to identify predictors of restenosis. This is a clinical observation study. Only chart review and angiographic review will be performed.
Comparison of open and laparoscopic pyloromyotomy
PURPOSE: The purpose of this clinical trial is to study the cost-effectiveness ratios of diagnostic strategies for the imaging assessment of symptomatic carotid stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The diagnostic accuracies of Doppler ultrasound (DUS), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CEMRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) were compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in a multicenter study (CARMEDAS; 206 patients assessable) and in a meta-analysis (for CEMRA and CTA). The direct costs of each imaging method were calculated in 2 university medical centers. Eight hypothetical models were studied with DUS considered as the first-line imaging method and either CEMRA or CTA or DSA as the second or third line method. The effectiveness criterion was the number of potential avoided strokes for each strategy and for 1000 patients.
The purpose of the present prospective, randomized, double-blind, double dummy controlled multicenter pilot study is to investigate whether abciximab, compared with aspirin, is able to reduce the rate of recurrent ischemic strokes before and during carotid endarterectomy [CEA] (primary endpoints); and the degree of carotid stenosis, number of microembolic signal (MES) counts, number of ischemic infarcts at diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and amount of intraluminal thrombus at pathological examination (secondary endpoints) in patients with ischemic stroke due to a >50% carotid stenosis who will undergo CEA.
The purpose of the study is to determine the proper use of lower back screws and rods (instrumentation) and bony fusion in subjects with one level of degenerative spinal narrowing (stenosis) compressing nerves to the legs with one spinal bone slipping forward on another (spondylolisthesis). There are two types of operations that surgeons perform for this problem. Some spinal surgeons remove some bone in the back (laminectomy) to decompress the nerves. Other surgeons perform a laminectomy (decompression) as above, but feel that it is also important to strengthen the back by placing screws and rods into the spine and adding more bone to obtain a new bridge of bone away from the nerves (decompression with instrumented fusion). This study aims to test the hypothesis that adding instrumented fusion to a decompression for this spinal problem will improve long term patient outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether treatment with an investigational drug as compared to placebo will reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events in patients with aortic stenosis.