View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause multiple system function disorders, and complicated symptoms last for an extended period. The virus can cause this continued infection, or the virus causes immune system function disorder and post-infectious autoimmune disease. The clinical symptoms can be smell loss, taste loss to liver function disorder, kidney function failure, different. No matter how complicated the systems showed in the clinic, all of the symptoms are due to the specific cells being damaged. Our clinical study is focused on recovering the damaged structure and function of the cells that could restore the organ function back to normal or close to normal
Approximately one million transrectal prostate biopsies are performed annually in the U.S., and the risk of post- biopsy infection is increasing due to greater antibiotic resistance of rectal flora. Preliminary data demonstrates that a transperineal MRI-targeted biopsy approach under local anesthesia compared to the standard practice transrectal MRI-targeted prostate biopsy has a much lower risk of infection, comparable pain/discomfort and may improve detection of prostate cancer. This randomized controlled trial will be the first prospective study to evaluate in-office transperineal MRI targeted prostate biopsy. The investigators hypothesize that a transperineal MRI-targeted biopsy approach under local anesthesia compared to the standard practice transrectal MRI-targeted prostate biopsy has a much lower risk of infection, comparable pain/discomfort and may improve detection of prostate cancer.
This is an open label controlled household-randomised trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of RESP301 alongside standard of care ("SOC") versus SOC alone.
18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) was already investigated numerous times in the last 40 years as a PET alternative to standard 99m-technetium-derived bone scintigraphy. However, lack of universal tracer availability and higher costs contributed to the failure of 18F-NaF to systematically supplant bone scintigraphy as a standard of care. Recently, an isotope shortage crisis occurred and evidenced the need to have non-reactor-derived alternatives for many nuclear medicine procedures, including bone scintigraphy. Since 18F-NaF is cyclotron-produced, it could become a necessary alternative to bone scintigraphy in case of another worldwide isotope shortage. The study aims to evaluate the safety profile of 18F-NaF injection. Moreover, a patient registry will be compiled in order to perform sub-studies on 18F-NaF diagnostic performance on diverse bone and articular diseases.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide, resulting in up to 1 million pediatric deaths every year.Since the licensure of PCV7 and PCV13,the reported overall decline in invasive pneumococcal disease in hospitalized children younger than 5 years several years is approximately 60% in Western countries.This is a single center,blind, randomized, positive-controlled clinical trial.The purpose of this study is to preliminary evaluate the safety of PCV13i vaccine in subjects at age of 7 months and above,and to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of PCV13i vaccine at age of 2 and 3 months,compared to PCV13.
Dengue fever, an arbovirus transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, is a public health problem in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. There is currently no antiviral treatment and vector control has shown its limits. The 2018 European marketing authorization of the tetravalent chimeric yellow fever / dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia®) is a major step forward in the fight against the disease. Dengvaxia® is indicated for the prevention of dengue due to serotypes DENV 1-4 in subjects aged 9 to 45 years with a history of infection with the dengue virus and living in endemic areas (seroprevalence of at least 70% in the target population). Dengue seroprevalence data in the French Caribbean territories of Martinique and Guadeloupe dates back to 2011 and concerns only adult blood donors aged 18 to 70 years. To date, no data exists for individuals aged 9 to 17 years in the region. In order to implement an optimal vaccine introduction strategy for these territories, the main aim of the DengueSEA study is to estimate the seroprevalence of the Dengue viruses (DENV 1-4) in 9-17 year olds giving a blood sample as part of care in hospital departments of the French Caribbean islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe.
Secondary infections remain a major cause of mortality in critically ill patients, mainly because of high prevalence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Therefore strategies aimed to reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumoniae (VAP) and bloodstream infections are of utmost important. There is robust data on selective digestive decontamination (SDD) efficacy in reduction of secondary infections in intensive care units (ICU) with low rates of antibacterial resistance. However the data received from hospitals with moderate-to-high rates of resistance is equivocal. This as an interventional parallel open-label study investigating the effect of selective digestive decontamination on the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU with high prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria. Secondary outcomes include rates of bloodstream infections, mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU stay, resistance selection and overall antibiotic consumption.
Febrile urinary tract infection (FUTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in children under the age of 2 years. They represent 7% of children presenting with fever without a source. In case of recurrent or undertreated FUTIs there is a risk for kidney function with the threat of chronic renal failure [7]. They are more often isolated but some FUTIs may reveal an underlying and facilitating condition. Beside the well-known congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract such as reflux or obstructions, others risk factors for FUTI are reported. Age less than 1 year, uncircumcised males, poor fluid intake, bladder bowel dysfunction (BBD) including dysfunctional voiding pattern and constipation increase the risk of FUTI. The prevalence of BBD in children with FUTIs is far higher than in the general population. Recommendations emphasize on an efficient treatment of BBD in the first-line management of recurring FUTIs and it has been proven to be efficient (ref). One of the BBD may include Hirschsprung's Disease (HD). HD is the first congenital malformation of the enteric nervous system with a reported prevalence of 1 in 5000 live birth. It's characterized by an aganglionosis and subsequent dysmotility affect by always the anal canal, most commonly there is a rectosigmoid form (74-80%), and less commonly involves a long segment of colon (12-22%) or a total colonic aganglionosis with ileal involvement upto 50 cm proximal to ileocecal junction (4-13%). The treatment is based on the resection of dysfunctional segment of colon with an anastomosis between the normally innervated bowel to the anus, while preserving normal sphincter function. But significant bowel dysfunction may persist postoperatively. 20% of the children present a fecal incontinence, and 14% a constipation in long-term studies. Bladder dysfunction and associated urological anomalies are also reported in these patients. All of that may facilitate the occurrence of febrile urinary tract infections (FUTI) in patients with HD. Unfortunately, few studies focused on this specific population. The objective of this study was to find out whether children with HD are more prone to develop FUTIs than controls and which patient with HD are more at risk to develop UTIs.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women in reproductive age with an estimated prevalence of 5% to 19.5%. It is a chronic complex syndrome with psychological (depression and anxiety), reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. The etiology seems to be multifactorial. Lately, interest regarding the association between PCOS women and gut macrobiotic have been emerged. Hyperandrogenism was correlated with those changes in the microbiota which reflects the fact that the microbiome can influence the development and pathology of PCOS . Therefore, aim of this study is to explore the diversity and alternations of the vaginal and the gut microbiome in patients with PCOS during common therapeutic interventions and connect them to different phenotypes of the syndrome.
Postoperative antibiotics are routinely used for implant-based breast augmentation at the investigators' institution. From 2017-2019, the investigators' institution has conducted approximately 270 primary and secondary breast augmentation procedures. Current plastic surgery literature does not provide recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis following implant-based breast procedures. Despite controversy surrounding their utility during the postoperative course, postoperative antibiotics have become commonplace for many plastic surgeons. To date, strong scientific evidence supporting this practice is minimal and based largely on anecdotal evidence and limited studies, including poorly controlled retrospective and non-blinded prospective series. The goal of this study is to conduct a prospective randomized trial to assess whether extended antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary to prevent infection and long-term complications (e.g. capsular contracture) in patients undergoing augmentation mammoplasty with implants. The investigators' anticipate that extended antibiotic prophylaxis is not required. The rationale for discontinuing postoperative antibiotics is based on the following: (1) a single dose of preoperative intravenous antibiotics has been demonstrated to be sufficient prophylaxis for most breast surgeries and (2) there are patient safety concerns associated with prolonged antimicrobial use such as the development of resistant bacterial strains and clostridium-related infections. Concrete evidence that extended antibiotic prophylaxis is not required would encourage plastic surgeons to practice better antibiotic stewardship and help stymie the rise of drug-resistant organisms.