View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can expose patients to a transient but marked immunosuppression, during which viral infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells is an attractive approach to restore protective T-cell immunity in patients with refractory viral infections after allogeneic HSCT. The aim of this Phase III trial is to confirm efficacy of this treatment in children and adults.
The research was designed in a randomized controlled quasi-experimental type in order to reveal the effect of "Self-Care Behaviors Development Program for Urinary Tract Infections" prepared according to Orem's Self Care Model on the behavioral change in pregnant women.
The primary objective is to determine if polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (UTIP™) is more sensitive in identifying urinary tract infections (UTI's) than standard urine cultures.
In this current study the researchers aim to identify the total number of infections and deaths due to COVID-19 and distinguish which are the risk factors most related to COVID-19 infections and deaths in medical personnel in Mexico.
Approximately 40 million people in the US are served by private, and frequently untreated, wells. Our best estimate is that 1.3 million cases of gastrointestinal illnesses (GI) per year are attributed to consuming water from untreated private wells in the US, but in reality, there are no robust epidemiological data that can be used to estimate cases of GI attributable to these sources. We propose the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) to estimate the burden of GI associated with private well water. We will test if household treatment of private well water by ultraviolet light (UV) vs. sham (inactive UV device) decreases the incidence of GI in children under 5. We will also examine the presence of viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens in stool and well water from participants. These data will fill a knowledge gap on sporadic GI associated with federally-unregulated private water supplies in the US.
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii and transmitted to humans through the consumption of raw or undercooked infected meat and / or by poorly washed vegetables. It can be transmitted from the pregnant woman to the fetus when infection occurs during pregnancy leading to congenital toxoplasmosis. Once infected, it is considered that the subject harbors cyst forms of the parasite in the muscles and brain for life with a risk of reactivation when immunocompromised. Recently, questions have been raised about the persistence of these cysts. Currently, only serological diagnosis can demonstrate the infection. This is done by detecting IgM and IgG directed against the parasite. Although humoral immunity is useful to diagnose toxoplasmosis, the cellular immunity is responsible of the main protective role during infection with the secretion of cytokines such as gamma interferon. In some situations, the serological diagnosis is limited: in immunocompromised subjects, some immunocompetent patients, in children with congenital toxoplasmosis, in which the anti T. gondii antibodies are no longer detectable. In order to have a true evaluation of the capacities of the immune system of each individual against T. gondii infection, it is necessary to evaluate the effector immune cells. The main objective of this protocol is to set up a cellular test with the stimulation of lymphocyte by T. gondii. For this objective, 20 subjects (10 positive, 10 negative for Toxoplasmosis serology) will be included. The secondary objective will be to compare the cellular diagnosis (evaluation by ELISA of the secretion of gamma interferon in the supernatant of cells stimulated by the Ag) with the serological diagnosis (IgG and IgM Alinity Abbott and Western blot LD Bio) in 3 groups of 10 patients: chronically infected patients, uninfected patients, patients with congenital toxoplasmosis as well as to assess the persistence or not of cellular and humoral immunity against T. gondii in 10 patients who had acute toxoplasmosis with a known date infection more than 10 years. Thus, 60 patients will be included for a total study period of 24 months. This study will thus allow the sponsor to have a clear understanding whether a subject is able or not to react against T. gondii infection.
Eighty percent of nosocomial UTI caused by indwelling urinary catheters and so known-as catheter-associated UTI. CAUTI leads to multiple local and systemic derangements such as suprapubic pain, dysuria, cystitis, pyelonephritis, septicemia, and even septic shock. This study will be conducted up on 100 patients (50 per each group) with long term catheterization to assess efficacy of noble metal alloy coated catheter in reducing CAUTI.
The increasing number of persons >65 years of age form a special population at risk for nosocomial and other health care-associated infections. The vulnerability of this age group is related to impaired host defenses such as diminished cell-mediated immunity. Lifestyle considerations, e.g., travel and living arrangements, and residence in nursing homes, can further complicate the clinical picture. The magnitude and diversity of health care-associated infections in the aging population are generating new arenas for prevention and control efforts. Common infections leading to hospitalizations in this age group result in respiratory infections and bacteraemia and the impact of these infections on the quality of life and disability in aged populations has not been accurately quantified in a European setting. This study aims to capture and quantify the impact of infectious diseases on quality of life in an aged population.
This study seeks to identify and test host RNA expression profiles as markers for infections in young infants. Preliminary studies have shown high sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination of bacterial from non-bacterial infections in children, but the method has only been investigated in a limited number of young infants. The study aims to include 65 young infants with serious bacterial infections. The samples will be analysed by RNA sequencing. New diagnostic tools may help reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatment, antibiotic resistance, side-effects, hospitalisation and invasive procedures.
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the most frequent complications of the COVID-19 pandemic. In these conditions, hypoxemia may result from : i) a pulmonary vascular dilatation resulting from an impaired hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and leading to ventilation-perfusion mismatching within the lungs and ii) thrombosis-mediated perfusion defects. Pulmonary vascular dilation might be due to a relative failure of the physiological acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, in the context of an over-activation of a regional vasodilatation cascade, as part of a dysfunctional inflammatory process. Perfusion abnormalities associated with pulmonary vascular dilation are suggestive of intrapulmonary shunting toward areas where gas exchange is impaired, ultimately leading to a worsening ventilation-perfusion mismatch, a regional hypoxia and a profound hypoxemia. Increased plasma levels of VEGF have been reported in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia, highlighting the role of VEGF in the pathophysiology of the disease. A better prognosis has been reported in critically ill patients with lower levels of growth factors, HGF and VEGF-A at the time of ICU admission. Recent data of the study NCT 04275414 by Pang J et al have suggested that patients receiving a single-dose of bevacizumab have improved their oxygen support status in 92% of cases during a 28-day follow-up period, as compared with 62% of cases in an external cohort receiving standard care. Correcting endothelial permeability and vasodilatation with VEGF-targeted therapy could allow repair damaged vascular endothelium, have an indirect anti-inflammatory effect (limiting alveolar exudation of circulating inflammatory and procoagulant mediators) and improve oxygenation and therefore reduce the proportion of patients with severe forms requiring ICU referral and finally patient death. This clinical trial will therefore focus on the specific efficacy of bevacizumab in COVID-19 patients with severe hypoxemia.