View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:This study is being conducted to assess the effect of dietary strawberry supplementation on cognition and mobility in obese middle-aged and older adults. It is hypothesized that plant compounds, present in strawberries, may improve cognition and mobility.
The increase in life expectancy is associated with a gradual aging of the population so creating new needs arising from this new situation. Memory ability declines with age and memory deficits are regarded as an initial symptom of dementia of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) type, one of the most prevalent cognitive disorders in older people. States and scientific community have been called to find preventive strategies acting against the consequent physiological cognitive decline with the aim to attenuate the increase of dementia. Numerous studies have shown that polyphenolic compounds derived from multiple dietary sources, and more specifically the polyphenolic compounds found in grapes (GP), are able to attenuate the cognitive impairment and in reducing neuropathological lesions in the brain in experimental animal models for the study of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) . In recent years, several in vivo studies have shown that oral administration of polyphenols from grapes improves antioxidant status in the brain and prevents neuronal damage induced by free radicals. The intake of proanthocyanidins, especially in the monomeric form, showed to produce an improvement of cognitive function in an Alzheimer's disorder animal model. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed by the investigators with the aim to evaluate potential beneficial effects of a Vitis vinifera-based food supplement on cognitive functioning and neuropsychological status in healthy older adults aging 55-75 years. For the enrollment, mental status was evaluated through the Mini-Mental State Exam, a test able to provide quickly a screen of orientation, providing a rapid screen of recall, language, orientation, registration, attention and calculation. 111 subjects were recruited and, after obtaining the informed consent, successively randomly divided in two groups: Group 1, N = 57 to be treated for 12 weeks with Vitis vinifera extract (verum 250 mg/day); Group 2, N = 54 to be treated for 12 weeks with placebo. Cognitive functioning and neuropsychological status were evaluated at the beginning (before treatment) and a the end of treatment by using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD), is a subtle decline in cognitive function characterized by impairment of memory and reduced ability to concentrate in elderly patients exposed to general anaesthesia. This prospective study aims to compare incidence and severity of POCD in two groups of patients. Group P receiving Intravenous Propofol and Inhalational anesthetic Sevoflurane. Group D receiving Intravenous Dexmedetomidine and Inhalational anesthetic Sevoflurane, Neuropsychological Test will be performed 24 hours before surgery and on postoperative day 3 and day 7.
This study aims at investigating the effects of tablet-based puzzle video games on cognitive function and emotional well-being. This study extends preliminary findings of studies looking at short-term benefits of playing puzzle video games to a long-term intervention in healthy older adults and patients suffering from cognitive impairment due to mild cognitive impairment or acquired brain injury. To this end, the investigators compare two interventions: A tablet-based puzzle video games experimental intervention and a control intervention tablet newspaper-reading control intervention. This study uses a 16-week, assessor blinded, randomized crossover design with two phases of treatment and three waves of measurement. Participants are randomly allocated to either the experimental or control intervention for 8 weeks, then interventions are crossed over. Both groups receive both interventions in opposite order. At three time points (pre-, mid- and post-test) higher cognitive function and emotional well-being are tested using standardised neuropsychological tests and questionnaires.
850,000 people live with dementia in the UK, with that number expected to rise to more than 1 million within the next 5 years. The most common type of dementia (55%) is Alzheimer's dementia, and vascular dementia is the second commonest type (15%). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects up to 20% of older adults and describes a set of symptoms rather than a specific medical condition or disease. A person with MCI has subtle problems with one or more of the following: day-to-day memory, concentrating, planning or organising, language (eg struggling to find the right word), and judging distances and seeing objects properly. Although MCI significantly increases the risk of developing dementia (by up to 5 times), at present it is not possible to accurately predict which patients with MCI will progress to dementia. In recent times there has been an increasing awareness that problems with brain blood flow may contribute to the development, or progression, of dementia. Tests of mental abilities, with standardised questions and pen-and-paper tests are a key component of the formal diagnosis of dementia, yet little is known of the effects of these tests on brain blood flow. Brain blood flow can be can be assessed non-invasively by the use of Trans Cranial Doppler (TCD). This means using ultrasound probes over both sides of the head to measure changes in blood flow in one of the main brain arteries (the middle cerebral artery). This proposed study will therefore use TCD to evaluate changes in brain blood flow during performance of the Addenbrooke's-III (ACE-III) cognitive assessment in four key groups of patients, specifically: 1. Healthy older adults 2. Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 3. Patients with vascular dementia 4. Patients with Alzheimer's dementia
Adequate pain therapy is important aspect of perioperative care. Sequelae of inadequate pain management are patient dissatisfaction, post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), inadequate nutrition, lack of mobilization, and an increased risk for the development of further complications, such as postoperative delirium (POD). The use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) systems, which allow patients to self-administer analgesics, has improved pain management. Conventional i.v. PCA and the non-invasive administration of sufentanil sublingual tablets (ZALVISO®) are available. The aim of this investigation is to study patient controlled analgesia systems and to examine the incidence of POD, POCD and postoperative pain.
Over 50% of adults with HIV have some form of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) which represents a significant symptom that interferes with everyday functioning and quality of life. As adults age with HIV, they are more likely to develop comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and insulin resistance which will further contribute to poorer cognitive functioning and HAND. Based upon the Frascati criteria, HAND is diagnosed when a person performs less than 1 to 2 SD below their normative mean (education & age) on measures of two or more cognitive domains (e.g., attention, speed of processing, verbal memory, executive functioning). Yet, from the cognitive literature and prior studies, administering certain computerized cognitive training programs may improve specific cognitive domains in older adults and those with HIV. Such cognitive training programs may be effective in older adults with HIV and therefore investigators may be able to change the diagnosis of HAND in such cognitively vulnerable adults. In this pre-post experimental study, 146 older adults (50+) with HAND will be randomized to be in either: 1) the Individualied-Targeted Cognitive Training, or 2) a no-contact control group. The investigators will focus on those cognitive domains in which participants express an impairment and train them with the corresponding cognitive program. Such an Individualized-Targeted Cognitive Training approach using standard cognitive training programs may offer hope and symptom relief to those individuals diagnosed with HAND. Furthermore, these changes may result in improved everyday functioning (e.g., IADLs) and quality of life. This approach represents a paradigm shift in possibly changing the way HAND is examined. Specific Aim 1: Compare adults who do receive Individualized-Targeted Cognitive Training to those who do not in order to determine whether a change in HAND prevalence and severity occurs between groups. Exploratory Aim 1: Compare adults who do receive individualized-targeted cognitive training to those who do not in order to determine whether this improves everyday functioning (e.g., IADLs). Exploratory Aim 2: Determine whether improvements in HAND and/or everyday functioning over time mediate improvements in quality of life.
Diagnostic tests designed to detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology are increasingly popular in research on cognitive aging and AD. Due to concerns that information from such tests may be misunderstood, psychologically harmful, and of unclear clinical significance, results of pre mortem tests of AD pathology have typically been withheld from research participants. However, as the reliability and potential clinical significance of tests like brain amyloid imaging have become clear, there is a pressing need to revisit the practice of unilaterally withholding such information from research participants and identify responsible approaches to communicating individual results. Amyloid imaging results may be particularly relevant to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a population for whom a growing body of evidence suggests that such testing may provide valuable prognostic and planning information, despite the unavailability of interventions to alter one's clinical course. Our preliminary work suggests that research participants with MCI and their family members are receptive to and capable of understanding information about the purpose, results, and implications of amyloid imaging when presented using a standardized approach developed by our interdisciplinary team. Building on this work, the proposed study will examine a well characterized sample of MCI care dyads (patient + family member) who will be randomized to either receive the opportunity to decide if they would like to pursue an amyloid PET Scan, or be randomized to not receive that opportunity (and will serve in the no-scan comparison group). This study aims to test hypotheses that examine how receiving amyloid imaging results will impact understanding of, and perceived self-efficacy for coping with, MCI among both patients and care partners.
The Resuscitation Outcomes in the Netherlands - study assesses one-year survival and quality of life after In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest(IHCA). It's design is a multicenter prospective observational cohort study which will include all patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for IHCA in 2017. Current literature describes poor survival after IHCA and no risk stratification tool for long-term outcome is available. Furthermore no such study has ever been performed in the Netherlands. The investigators aim to gain further insight in this major adverse event.
Complaints about memory and thinking are common in women as they go through menopause. The female hormone estrogen is important for both the health of both the brain and the blood vessels. In Alzheimer's disease there is damage to the blood vessels in the brain. This study will look at how the loss of the female hormone estrogen affects brain function and the health of blood vessels.