View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:Type 2 diabetics (non-insulin-dependent) are more than five times as likely to suffer an initial myocardial infarction (MI; heart attack) compared to nondiabetics.Female diabetics in particular, have a higher mortality rate for coronary artery disease (CAD) than male diabetics.C-reactive protein measurement in the clinical setting enhances the detection of individuals who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), by providing additional predictive value. We propose to study the effects of a supervised exercise and diet intervention on cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal diabetic women. We will recruit 35 postmenopausal, sedentary type 2 diabetics who will undergo a 3 month exercise and dietary intervention. They will exercise 3 times a week for 30 min in a supervised setting. Exercise mode will be aerobic and self-selected (i.e. treadmill, bike) at an intensity level of 50-85% VO2peak. Blood glucose will be monitored before and after exercise. The dietary intervention will consist of 6 meetings with a registered dietitian. The study is designed to test the following hypotheses: - Cardiovascular disease risk measures will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H1: Blood markers for coronary artery disease risk, as measured by CRP, TC, LDL, TG, FG, fasting insulin, and HbA1c, will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H2: Anthropometric measures of coronary artery disease risk, as measured by WHR, will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H3: Resting blood pressure, as measured by SBP and DBP, will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H4: Total body fat, as measured by DXA, will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - Health-related measures will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H1: Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H2: Bone-mineral density, as measured by DXA, will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention. - H3: Dietary measures (total daily kcal, and daily fat kcal) will be different following a 3-month exercise and diet intervention.
This study, done in collaboration with Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland, will examine the role of genes in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients undergoing kidney dialysis. The rate of illness and death from CVD among patients on dialysis is extraordinarily high, accounting for about 50 percent of deaths. Blood levels of inflammatory markers are elevated in these patients, strongly predicting illness and death from CVD. The discovery of gene variants related to the inflammatory process in atherosclerotic CVD may lead to better medical treatments and improved survival in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Participants of John's Hopkins University's CHOICE (Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for End-Stage Renal Disease) program are included in this study. Blood samples previously collected from these patients will be analyzed in the laboratory for genes that might be associated with the inflammatory process and atherogenesis.
This study, conducted in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, will explore the genetic influences on susceptibility to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Atherosclerosis is a chronic narrowing of the arteries caused by an incremental buildup of fatty substances on the linings of walls of arteries. This study will examine the role of genes related to the inflammatory process on the incidence of ASCVD and on levels of chemokines (proteins involved in inflammation). DNA samples, chemokines levels and relevant clinical data from patients enrolled in Johns Hopkins's sibling and family heart studies are analyzed for specific gene markers. The studies include: Nurse Model in Black Families at Risk for Heart Disease; Genotypic Determinants of Aspirin Response in High Risk Families; and Coronary Disease Detection by Thallium SPECT and Fast CT. All of the enrolled patients have consented to have their DNA used for testing of genetic factors that may predict cardiovascular disease and do not contain patient identifier information.
Principal Investigator: Arshed A. Quyyumi, MD To establish normal values by age, race, and gender of novel markers of risk in healthy subjects necessary to predict precise risk of cardiovascular disease in an individual.
The Question posed is: Does an barley protein concentrate have health benefits similar to those demonstrated for soy protein foods which would justify the use of the non-fiber components of barley as functional food ingredients? Hypotheses: 1. Cholesterol Lowering: There is good evidence indicating that soy protein lowers serum cholesterol levels. The evidence was strong enough for a health claim for coronary heart disease risk reduction to be approved by the FDA. In addition, we have found that wheat gluten significantly reduced serum triglyceride levels. However, there is a need to assess the possible health benefits other vegetable protein sources. Barley is grown in relatively large amounts in Canada and barley protein would be a readily available vegetable protein source if health attributes could be ascribed to it. In addition other components of barley, including plant sterols and phenolics, may have hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant properties. 2. Antioxidant: In addition to cholesterol-lowering and possibly of equal importance in terms of prevention of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, the barley phenolics associated with barley protein and may have added benefits as antioxidants. 3. Markers of Inflammation: Barley components are considered to be hypoallergenic. Hence their use in the cosmetic industry. Auto-immune and inflammatory responses are associated with increased CHD risk. Barley protein consumption may therefore reduce the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines; and the acute phase proteins. 4. Arterial Dilatation: Barley proteins may also have beneficial effects on vascular reactivity which may reduce CHD risk on account of their higher arginine:lysine ratio. Arginine enhances nitric oxide synthesis associated with endothelial relaxation and arterial dilatation. Barley may therefore increase pulmonary nitric oxide levels.
The purpose of this study is to determine if reducing blood flow to an exercising muscle during exercise training will enhance the training effect on that muscle in people who have limited exercise because of congestive heart failure
The hypothesis is that salsalate therapy may be an effective and safe method to modulate inflammation in metabolically-critical tissues and thus reduce insulin resistance and its related complications. The objectives of the study are to (1) determine whether salsalate therapy improves insulin resistance in subjects with IGT and changes in glucose area under the curve following a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); (2) determine whether salsalate therapy reduces a) plasma levels of a variety of well established inflammatory proteins and b) mononuclear cell inflammatory activity to provide evidence of reduced systemic and tissue inflammation, respectively; and (3)also determine whether salsalate therapy improves parameters of cardiovascular disease risk, including features of metabolic syndrome (fasting glucose, triglycerides, HDL, and blood pressure) as well as endothelial dysfunction.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the degree of additional reduction in cardiovascular risk that was accrued to patients by lowering their LDL-C beyond the currently accepted minimum target level for patients with pre-existing CHD. Secondary objectives include the safety profile of this treatment strategy, its cost-effectiveness, effect on other atherosclerotic-related events and procedures, and total mortality.
The purpose of the ACCORD-BONE Study is to investigate the effects of intensive glycemic control for type 2 diabetes (in ACCORD participants) on factors related to bone health, including, fractures, falls, and bone mineral density.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a program to help patients with heart disease stay on their heart medications.