View clinical trials related to Brain Tumor.
Filter by:There are two types of external radiation treatments (proton beam and photon beam). As part of the participant's treatment, they will receive radiation to the entire central nervous system (CNS); this is known as craniospinal irradiation (CSI). In the past, photon radiation therapy has been used for CSI. In this study we will be examining the effects of proton beam radiation therapy. Studies have suggested that this kind of radiation can cause less damage to normal tissue than photon radiation therapy. The physical characteristics of proton beam radiation let the doctor safely deliver the amount of radiation delivered to the tumor that is normally delivered through standard therapy but spare more normal tissue in the process.
Neuroanesthesia for supratentorial surgery involves a thorough understanding of the physiopathology of intracranial pressure, cerebral homeostasis and regulation of cerebral perfusion pressure as well as the effects of anesthesia and surgery on these elements. The main objective of anesthesia during neurosurgery is to preserve the integrity of the brain by maintaining cerebral homeostasis, and assuring cerebral protection using normovolemia, normotension, normoglycemia, moderate hyperoxia and hypocapnia and hyperosmolality with the administration of mannitol. During surgery, the use of surgical retractors must be limited to avoid possible ischemia of the brain tissue. Surgical retractors can be replaced by chemical retractors. The concept of chemical retraction involves a reduction of cerebral blood flow, maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure, moderate hyperventilation, drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and osmotherapy. Mannitol, an osmotic agent, has been widely used to reduce the volume of the brain, the intracranial pressure and to facilitate the surgical approach in reducing the risk of cortical lesions during the opening of the skull. Mannitol 20% is usually given intravenously in bolus doses of 0.5-1g/kg over 30 minutes. However, over the last few years, the concept of a dose-response relationship has emerged. Some recent studies tend to demonstrate that higher doses of mannitol could reduce intracranial pressure significantly without any important side effects. The main objective of the present study is to compare two doses of mannitol (0.7 and 1.4 g/kg) on brain relaxation during supratentorial craniotomies.
Current treatments for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the most common and malignant primary brain tumor are inadequate and as such, the median survival for most patients with GBM is on the order of months, even after cytoreductive surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. This study aims to develop a new treatment for GBM by suppressing glial progenitor cells that surround the ventricular system in patients with these aggressive tumors because it is these regions that appear to act as an incubator for future recurrences resulting in patient death. Considering the lack of significant treatment options for patients with this uniformly fatal disease, this is an important translational clinical study to perform.
RATIONALE: Diagnostic procedures, such as magnetic resonance imaging, may help doctors predict a patient's response to treatment and help plan the best treatment. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying magnetic resonance imaging in response to radiation therapy in patients with high grade glioma.
This protocol describes a study to gain experience in the use of Clevidipine for perioperative blood pressure control in patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumor or epilepsy focus resection. The purpose of this study is to establish the efficacy of Clevidipine for intraoperative blood pressure control in patients undergoing intracranial procedures, and gather information on the dosage and adverse effects of Clevidipine in neurosurgical patients. This initial pilot experience serves to familiarize the investigators with the use of this drug prior to initiating a planned randomized trial versus institutional standard-of-care therapy. The investigators will obtain greater familiarity with the dosing of clevidipine in this patient population and collect information on the incidence of adverse effects.
This is a Phase I/II open-label, single-arm study among recurrent malignant glioma patients. Patients will be treated with Vorinostat in combination with Bevacizumab (BV) (10 mg/kg) and Temozolomide (T) (50 mg/m2/day) BV is administered every 2 weeks. Temozolomide will be taken orally once every day. Vorinostat will be taken orally on days 1-7 and 15-21 of each 28-day cycle. In the phase I portion of this study, the dose of Vorinostat will be escalated in successive cohorts of patients to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) based on dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). In the phase II portion of this study, the dose of Vorinostat will be the MTD determined in the phase I portion. The primary endpoint of the phase II study is 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) for recurrent GBM (Glioblastoma) patients. This study will be conducted at The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke.
The purpose of this study is to use transcranial Doppler (TCD) to predict intracranial pressure (ICP) and clinical outcome of neurocritical patients.
Purpose and Objective: The purpose of this study is to collect data both retrospectively and prospectively, by consent, on subjects seen in the PRTBTC. This information will be useful to the investigators to generate hypotheses for planning further psychosocial and medication intervention studies that will hopefully improve primary brain tumor patients' QOL.
The purpose of this research study is to determine if sunitinib can get past the blood-brain barrier and into the brain tumor. Sunitinib has shown promising results in treating other cancers and works by blocking blood flow to tumors, which may prevent them from growing further. At the present time, there is no chemotherapy that can cure glioblastoma. The reason why chemotherapy is not fully effective is that many drugs cannot penetrate into brain tumors. This is due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which normally protects the brain from substances in the blood.
The study induces an immune response towards the stem-cell like part of glioblastomas in combination with standard therapy. The aim is to define and characterize the feasibility, potential adverse effects of such therapy and measure time to progression and survival.