View clinical trials related to Body Weight.
Filter by:This study will evaluate how large, intentional weight reduction affects the human brain and possible ways to reverse the changes associated with excess body weight. Subtle changes in some brain regions occur in people who are overweight. Such changes may involve the regulation of eating behavior, though it is not clear whether the changes were present before weight gain or are a consequence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be used to study local structures of the brain. Patients ages 18 to 45 who are undergoing gastric bypass surgery and who are not pregnant or breastfeeding may be eligible for this study. A study group of lean participants will serve as controls. Patients will visit the Phoenix Indian Medical Center for about 3 days at a time for tests. They will have a medical examination, electrocardiogram, and tests of blood and urine. Questionnaires they will complete involve patients' moods and possible influence on eating behaviors, as well as food preferences. A taste test, smell test, and assessment of decision-making processes will be conducted. An oral glucose tolerance test involves a needle placed intravenously (IV) in the arm, for drawing blood after patients drink a sugar solution. The test takes about 3-1/2 hours, with six blood samples taken (about 2 tablespoons total). A meal test also includes use of an IV line. After patients consume a liquid meal, blood will be collected to analyze levels of blood sugar and hormones. For the DEXA scan, which measures body composition, patients will lie still while low-dose X-rays are used for 5 to 10 minutes. Urine will be collected for 1 whole day, to measure cortisol, a hormone. The MRI scan uses a strong magnetic field to obtain images of body organs and tissues. Patients having any metal in the body that may interfere with the scanning machine should not have this test. For the MRI procedure, patients will lie on a table that slides into the enclosed tunnel of the scanner and be asked to lie still. Patients will be able to communicate with the MRI staff at all times during the scan, and they may ask to be removed from the machine at any time.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of calcium/vitamin D supplementation (Caltrate 600 +D®) on body weight loss during a weight-reducing program
The purpose of this study is to determine if dietary consumption of Revival Soy can improve the appearance of the skin, hair, and finger nails and support weight loss in overweight, premenopausal women.
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of a modified carbohydrate diet versus a portion controlled diet in overweight or obese men and women on body weight.
This study will assess the behavioral effects of an amino acid mixture thought to influence serotonin function in individuals who have recovered from anorexia nervosa.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a diet with either high or low glycemic index (GI) on ad libitum (free) food intake, body weight, fat mass and fat-free mass, risk markers for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation after 10 weeks´ intake in slightly overweight subjects.
The purpose of the present study is to determine whether weight gain may be prevented by a small group seminar-based two-year educational intervention on healthy lifestyle in freshmen at the Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Sherbrooke.
Habitual consumption of coffee may have substantial beneficial effects on glucose metabolism according to recent findings of epidemiological studies in the U.S., Europe, and Japan. However, data from longer-term human intervention studies with appropriate outcome measures are lacking. We will study the effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption on body fatness, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance that may underlie the observed associations with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial. We hypothesize that both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee will improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Before starting a larger, long-term intervention study, we will conduct a pilot study to test the feasibility of such a trial. The pilot study will be an 8-week parallel trial in 45 overweight individuals, who will be randomized to drinking 5 cups per day of 1) caffeinated coffee (n=15), 2) decaffeinated coffee (n=15), or 3) water (n=15). Body fatness (weight, waist circumference, bioelectrical impedance), insulin sensitivity (HOMA model), and glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test) will be the primary outcomes. We will assess the adherence of participants to their assigned treatment by measuring serum caffeine concentrations, documentation of coffee use in diaries by the participants, and counting unused coffee packets. We will also obtain feedback from participants on how to improve compliance in a future trial. If successful, this study will form the basis for a definitive trial of coffee consumption, body fatness, and glucose tolerance. Given the extensive use of coffee and the rapidly increasing health burden of type 2 diabetes, such a trial would have important public health implications.
This study will measure energy expenditure (the rate at which the body burns calories), physical activity and caloric intake in people with narcolepsy to learn more about how the risk of becoming overweight or diabetic may be affected. Healthy control subjects and people with narcolepsy between 18 and 55 years of age may be eligible for this study. Participants are withdrawn from their narcolepsy medication and undergo the following tests and procedures over 5 weeks before resuming medications. - Blood draw for genetic studies. - Collection of a cerebrospinal fluid sample. - Diet to keep subjects' weight constant. - Activity watch, using a device worn on the wrist to measure amount of movement, and an activity monitor worn at the waist to measure physical activity and caloric expenditure. - Questionnaires about sleepiness, symptoms, food intake, exercise and mood. - 24-hour urine collection and 24-hour blood draw to measure hormones. - Glucose tolerance test. The subject drinks a sugar solution and blood samples are collected through a catheter before drinking the solution and 30 minutes, 1, 2 and 3 hours after drinking it. - Startle reflex test. Subjects hear a loud noise through headphones and are asked to look at pictures. - Sleep study to evaluate sleep-related breathing disturbances and record information about sleep stages. - Indirect calorimetry test to measure how fast the body uses calories. A plastic canopy is placed over the face for several minutes to capture the air exhaled to analyze oxygen use. To measure the energy associated with meals, the same measurements are taken after the subject eats lunch. - CT scan of the abdomen to see how much fat is deposited in the abdomen, and DEXA scan of the whole body to see the percentage of fat and muscle. - Plethysmography. Participants sit in an enclosed chamber while the mass and volume of the body are measured by changes in air pressure. - Neuropsychological testing to assess thought processes. - Continuous 24-hour heart rate measurement. - Metabolic chamber. Subjects spend 24 hours in a small room to measure the amount of oxygen inhaled and carbon dioxide exhaled. - Walking/running test to assess level of physical conditioning. - Dexamethasone CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) suppression test and CRH stimulation test. Subjects receive eight doses of 0.5 mg dexamethasone every 6 hours for a day and a half. After the last dose, two blood samples are drawn, then a dose of CRH is injected, and then six more blood samples are drawn over the next 3 hours. - TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) stimulation test. Subjects are given TRH through a vein, and several blood samples are then drawn over the next 3 hours. - Doubly labeled water test. Subjects drink a dose of "heavy" water. Urine samples are collected at 2, 3 and 5 hours after drinking and again for two 4-hour collections a week later.
There are currently no interventions available to substantially reduce the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) apart from increasing the age at marriage, maternal iron supplementation and possibly improved energy intakes. The current view of the medical and public health community in India is that the immediate focus should be on promoting survival and development of low birth weight infants who have nearly a 6 to 7 fold higher mortality during infancy than those with normal birth weight. Low serum zinc is associated with increased incidence of diarrhea and pneumonia. There is sufficient evidence in under-threes that during acute illness, zinc supplementation (1-2 recommended dietary allowance [RDA]) reduces incidence of all episodes of diarrhea, severe diarrhea and pneumonia. A number of initial published trials also show significant effect of zinc treatment on pneumonia. With the large and consistent effects of zinc supplementation on the incidence and severity of infections, an effect on child mortality is likely. Available literature suggests the distinct possibility of reduced neonatal and infant mortality in LBWs receiving 1 RDA of zinc daily. A pilot study in India showed a 54% reduction in mortality in LBW infants. These findings were based on a very small sample and therefore considered insufficient to change policy. A positive impact in the proposed study will provide an important tool for reduction of infant mortality which is currently stagnant and government acceptance for such a program is likely to be very high. We, the researchers at the Society for Applied Studies, believe this study has the potential for decreasing infant mortality from its current level.