View clinical trials related to Atherosclerosis.
Filter by:Carotid plaque burden and composition features, particularly lipid necrotic core, are significantly associated with severity of CAD stenosis. This study aims to explore the relationship between various phenotypic patterns of carotid atherosclerosis with the prevalence, phenotype, and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. The patients with chest tightness or chest pain will receive carotid artery ultrasonography before coronary angiography so as to explore the relationship between them.
Participants are being recruited at the inpatient department of the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology on a 'all-comers' basis. The enrolled participants will be divided into the main group (diagnosed with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)) and control (not diagnosed with ASCVD). The participants will have whole blood and serum collected at enrollment for further biobanking. A genome-wide association study will be carried out to determine the genetic determinants associated with atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, acute coronary syndrome, etc., including a search for pathogenic variants.
The purpose of this study is to measure the effectiveness of inclisiran compared to usual care in an inclusive study population (women, racial/ethnic minorities, and rural dwelling participants) which has historically been more likely to receive suboptimal lipid management, as a potential solution to improve care gaps. The study duration will be up to 360 days for participants randomized to the inclisiran with usual care arm and up to 720 days for participants initially randomized to the usual care arm.
Coronary artery disease is a multifactorial disease. Traditional risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, stimulate the onset of an inflammatory process in the prone vessel and perivascular adipose tissue, which has not yet been clarified and is still being investigated. Coronary artery bypass grafting is an effective treatment of coronary artery disease, which has been shown to prolong survival. Perioperative analysis of the myocardial metabolic profile helps to identify appropriate markers and metabolites associated with early myocardial damage. This, in turn, helps to improve risk stratification by better understanding the mechanisms of the disease processes, in order to prevent postoperative myocardial infarction and its associated complications. Such indicators, which are related to the diagnosis and severity of coronary artery disease, as well as the prognosis of coronary artery bypass grafting, have been separately studied before, in the peripheral blood of patients with coronary artery disease, in healthy vascular tissues, such as mammary artery, compared to atherosclerotic tissue from the coronary artery, as well as in the epicardial adipose tissue, intraoperatively. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate and evaluate metabolic factors and biomarkers preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively, in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and their prognostic value regarding a) the severity of coronary artery disease (Gensini score, ejection fraction, acute coronary syndrome) and b) the outcome of surgery (indications of myocardial damage and / or infarction, low cardiac output syndrome and use of intraortic balloon pump, atrial fibrillation, 30-day mortality).
The Lipid Registry of Africa (LIPRA) aims to understand why some individuals in Africa experience heart issues at a younger age than others. The study investigates factors causing heart problems in younger adults, particularly acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) includes various heart conditions like unstable angina and heart attacks. Researchers from multiple African countries collaborate to gather information from hospitals across the region. They focus on patients under 55 years (men) or 65 years (women) with heart issues. Additionally, the study wants to compare different groups-men and women, urban and rural residents-to see if there are specific differences in how heart problems develop among them.
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by the progressive accumulation of lipids and inflammatory cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes within the vessel wall of large and medium-sized arteries, forming the so-called "atherosclerotic plaques". The formation process of these lesions is different depending on the age, genetics and physiological state of the individual affected. Furthermore, behavioral factors and the lifestyle of each individual play a key role, which can lead to the presence of a series of pro-atherosclerotic pathologies and risk factors, such as in particular systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and cigarette smoking. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this pathogenetic process are still under investigation. The results of a study conducted in the past in collaboration between the U.O. have recently been published. of Vascular Surgery and the laboratory of Dr. I. Zucchi of the Institute of Biomedical Technologies of the CNR of Milan Segrate (Protocol GEMMA NUOVA, 16/int/2016), which describes that the overexpression of a newly identified gene (TMEM230) it may have a role in the formation of atherosclerotic vascular disorders, but it is still unclear how the expression of this gene is modulated in vivo. Knowledge of these factors would increase the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis and could represent a possible target for prevention and targeted pharmacological treatment, with consequent potential reduction in disability or mortality from cardiovascular diseases.
Coronary heart disease(CHD), stroke, and hypertension are major diseases that seriously affect human health.Pathologic changes in the arteries involved in the above diseases mainly occur in the intimal or medial layer of the arteries. Among them, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CHD and stroke) have become the top two causes of death worldwide, with elderly patients accounting for the vast majority. CHD is an important cause of death, and atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathology underlying it.AS predominantly occurs in the intima layer, and the use of high-resolution imaging techniques to visualize anatomical changes in the intima-media layer of the arteries alone is valuable for the study of AS. Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and intracranial vascular magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can clearly visualize coronary and intracranial arterial lesions, measure luminal stenosis and other important information, and provide a basis for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease. By integrating CCTA/MRA/Ultrasound multimodal imaging technology, investigators aim to develop a non-invasive CHD and stroke intelligent screening and evaluation system, which is bound to have great clinical and social value. This study is a national multi-center follow-up observational study, which is expected to collect and establish a database of clinical and imaging information of no less than 20,000 cases of elderly subjects. Some data is derived from the pre-established database (>12,000 cases) in cooperative research centers, while additional data will be collected from the newly established prospective follow-up database. Investigators performed noninvasive high-frequency ultrasound to detect arterial vascular structural changes, vascular dynamics and other indicators based on the existing database and the newly established imaging database to explore the characteristics of carotid atherosclerosis changes and ultrasound monitoring methods in the elderly. Finally, investigators integrated clinical and multimodal noninvasive imaging information to construct a noninvasive imaging-based intelligent risk assessment system for CHD and stroke. Primary endpoint was the cardiovascular-complex endpoint event,including myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, resuscitation with cardiac arrest, revascularization, and stroke. Secondary endpoint was vascular lesion progression, including increase of vascular intima thickness, increase of vascular media thickness, plaque progression, and increase of vascular stenosis. All enrolled patients were followed up every six months to record whether the primary endpoint and secondary endpoint events occurred and to record the time and type of occurrence.
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes within the vessel wall of large and medium-sized arteries, forming so-called plaques. The underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet clearly understood. In particular, it is not yet clear what factors can cause the "destabilization" of atherosclerotic plaques, thus making them more vulnerable and prone to triggering acute cardiovascular events. Infectious agents have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Some of them would be able to spread from the infected tissue and migrate to endothelial cells, promoting the secretion of inflammatory mediators and the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), their accumulation in vascular cells and the formation of foam cells , fundamental mechanisms especially in the formation of vulnerable plaques. Recently, many studies have shown that the influenza virus can also play a role in the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. However, the role of influenza A virus (IVA) infection and related vaccination in the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques is still controversial. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still a matter of investigation. Based on these data, we hypothesized that IV A infection may promote the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques through a chronic postinfection immune response. This response would lead to systemic and local changes in the expression of pro-atherosclerotic cytokines and chemokines resulting in increased recruitment of monocyte macrophages and upregulation of the expression of scavenger receptors on the surface of macrophages with greater affinity for oxidized LDL (CD36 and Lectins- Like-oxLDL-receptor 1).
The goal of this prospective diagnostic accuracy cohort study is to compare the accuracy of carotid atherosclerotic plaques stiffness assessed by shear wave elastography (SWE) with greyscale median values (GSM), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological findings in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques causing stenosis above 50%, symptomatic or not. The main question it aims to answer is: is the plaque stiffness correlatable with GSM values, MRI findings or histopathological findings? Participants will be subjected to a vascular ultrasound study in which the SWE and GSM will be assessed. The second imaging modality for stenosis confirmation will be MRI and patients with confirmed symptomatic stenosis above 50% or assymptomatic stenosis above 70% will be considered for surgery intervention (endarterectomy or angioplasty). Patients that undergo endarterectomy will have the carotid plaques subjected to a histopathological study. The study will not arbitrate about the treatment decision.
This study is a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled study, which evaluates the effectiveness and safety of cold laser plaque ablation for lower limb arterial stenosis and occlusive lesions from intermittent claudication to chronic threatening limb ischemia.