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Filter by:One hundred Spanish postmenopausal women accepted to be investigated for cardiovascular risk actors including clinical features, serum biochemical parameters, single nucleotide polymorphisms for estrogen receptor, and imaging parameters, carotid intima-media thickness (91 women) and coronary computed tomography (32 women). Multivariable analysis confirmed that both age and glucose level directly affected IMT. Estrogenic exposure, as measured by the allele associated with lower expression of the ER beta gene, was protective at the sinus and the wall. Findings at the coronary arteries, either moderate or high calcium index (CAC) and/or significant lumen stenosis were sporadic and did not allow for establishing association with any of the variables assessed.
The main goal of this project is to determine whether mitochondrial function in circulating cells is related to that measured in the muscle fibers of the same subjects.
Background: - Rates of obesity have increased dramatically in recent decades, and researchers are investigating how changes in diets and physical activity have contributed to this increase. To understand how weight might be controlled, it is important to learn what kinds of dietary changes can affect hunger and might lower body weight. Essential fatty acids, for instance, are an important part of a healthy diet, but researchers have not yet determined the ideal amount of essential fatty acids that people should eat. By studying how different diets affect body chemistry and hormone levels in women who are overweight or obese, researchers hope to be able to determine better diets or treatments to help people reach and maintain an optimum healthy weight. Objectives: - To examine how certain fats in the diet affect body metabolism, hormones, and weight regulation. Eligibility: - Healthy women between 18 and 50 years of age who are overweight or obese (body mass index between 25 and 35). Design: - This study has an initial screening visit and three phases. All participants will be involved in the first two phases of the study, and some participants will be involved in the third phase. - Participants will be screened with a physical examination and medical history, in addition to blood and urine tests and questionnaires about eating habits and other diet factors. - Phase 1: Participants will have three visits to the National Institutes of Health over a 4-week period. At the visits, participants will have blood and urine tests, complete questionnaires, and have other tests including brain and body imaging studies. Participants will then be assigned to one of three study diets. - Phase 2: Participants will have a 12-week diet phase, with all foods supplied by the study researchers. Participants will keep a daily log of food and beverage intake, and will have three testing sessions with procedures similar to those performed in Phase 1. - Phase 3: Participants assigned to a particular study diet (one-third of all participants) will be given the option of continuing the diet for an additional 36 weeks (9 months), with food consumption, monitoring, and testing procedures similar to those performed in Phase 2....
Hypothesis #1. Supervised exercise rehabilitation will result in greater increases in exercise performance, peripheral vascular function, and health-related quality of life than compared to the attention-control group. Hypothesis #2. The change in peripheral vascular function will be predictive of improved exercise performance following the supervised exercise program.
Increased life expectancy has attracted research attention, interested in provide a quality and healthy aging. According to the latest census conducted in 2010 by IBGE, Brazilian population consists of 97,342,162 women, whom estimates 30 million are between 40 and 65 years old, a period that includes the climacteric. Therefore, clinical conditions such as osteoporosis becomes significant, either from public health policy standpoint or in relation to the social aspect, by compromising life quality. Women also suffer more from temporomandibular disorders (TMD) than men, and the beginning of this situation occurs after puberty, with peaks during the reproductive and remission periods after menopause. Female sex hormones involvement in osteoporosis is well established, but their participation in the TMD is still controversial. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of systemic bone mass in menopausal women as a risk factor for articular TMD, as well as the TMD pain behavior during menopause transition periods (48 to 55 years), postmenopausal (56-65 years) and senescence (65-70 years). Therefore, 100 women attended by the HC - FMUSP Gynecology Division, Climacteric Sector, were clinically evaluated by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD), used to obtain diagnoses and their associations, as well as to quantify the TMD pain sensitivity degree through the Craniomandibular Index (CMI), both applied by a single examiner. The bone densitometry provided bone mass data of femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4). The RDC/TMD performance as a diagnostic test also was subjected to analysis, considering the 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging as reference standard, undergoing 30 women, of 100 assessed, in this imaging exam. After analyzing the results, it was shown that the risk posed by osteopenia was 1.33 (IC95% 1.20 - 1.46), with a risk increase of 0.33, while the risk of osteoporosis showed 1.39 (IC95% 1,20 - 1.23 to 1.55), increased by 0.39. Joint diagnoses predominated (68.0%), while 18.0% muscular diagnoses and 14.0% corresponds to the absence of clinically diagnosable conditions, according to the RDC/TMD. The performance of the RDC/TMD to diagnose articular DTM revealed accuracy of 68.0%, sensitivity of 83.0%, specificity 53.0%, pre-test probability of 52.0%, positive predictive value of 60.0 % and negative 74.0%, positive likelihood ratio of 1.77 and negative 0.32. As for the soreness sensibility in TMD, it was found that aging shows a clear tendency towards its reduction (A =- 4.5, p = 0.0324). Then, the study concluded that the decrease in female sex hormones, peculiar to aging, increases the risk of articular TMD, although this pain disfunction decreases with age. The RDC/TMD can be used for large populations screening, but its indication in clinical practice should be done with caution.