View clinical trials related to Vascular Function.
Filter by:This clinical trial aims to assess the efficacy of inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) guided by a smartphone app vs. IMST delivered in a clinical research setting for lowering systolic blood pressure in adults 18 years and older with elevated blood pressure. Participants will perform IMST for 5 minutes a day, 6 days a week, for 6 weeks.
This is a prospective, monocentric, randomized trial to investigate how sodium chloride or its substitute potassium chloride acutely affects vascular function by ingestion via a salted soup. Furthermore we want to get insights on the pathophysiology by analyzing metabolism and cell function in relation to vascular reaction.
The purpose of this study is to determine if an acute bout of removal of exercise reduces enothelial function and glycemic control in an active, older adult population; and whether a 3 day return to exercise restores this response. Glycemic control is the blood glucose response following the consumption of a meal. It is an indicator of insulin resistance (or type 2 diabetes) and impaired glycemic control has been suggested to lead to cardiovascular disease. Endothelial function has been shown to be improved by chronic or acute increases in physical activity. Both of these have been shown to be impaired to acute bouts of inactivity in young populations; however the impact of acute inactivity in older adults is less understood. In this proposal the investigators will examine 1)how quickly impairments in glycemic control occur to acute physical inactivity in older adults who exercise, 2) how quickly impairments in endothelial function occur to acute inactivity in older adults who exercise, and 3) whether 3 days of a return to exercise restores these responses.
The research aims of this proposal are: - Specific Aim 1: To test whether an increase in nitric oxide signaling can increase vasodilator responses in young Black individuals. - Specific Aim 2: To test whether a decrease in endothelin-1 signaling can increase vasodilator responses in young Black individuals.
Disturbances in brain insulin-sensitivity are not only observed in abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), but also during brain aging and in dementia. Inorganic nitrate may improve brain insulin-sensitivity, which can be quantified by measuring the gray-matter cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to intranasally administered insulin, through beneficial effects on brain vascular function. Therefore, we now hypothesize that inorganic nitrate, which can be found in several vegetables such as beetroot, improves brain insulin-sensitivity, as assessed by the gray-matter CBF response to intranasally administered insulin, in abdominally obese men.
This is a human randomized controlled cross-over study where the effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) on vascular function, microcirculation and thrombosis is assessed.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disease and early intervention and prevention strategies are therefore very important. An important early hallmark in the development of T2DM is insulin resistance. Since the majority of postprandial glucose disposal occurs in skeletal muscle, improving muscle insulin sensitivity will thus have a major impact on disease prevention. Abdominally obese men and women have an increased risk to develop T2DM, and are also characterized by an impaired vascular function. This may hamper proper delivery of insulin, glucose and oxygen to muscles, thereby contributing to - and possibly causing - muscle insulin resistance. Earlier it has been shown that supplementation with L- arginine improves vascular function by improving nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. These NO- mediated beneficial effects on vascular function may improve delivery of insulin, glucose and oxygen to the muscle tissue, thereby improving muscle insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function. However, the doses needed of this amino acid cannot be provided by regular diets or supplements, also due to the bitter taste of L-arginine. Alternatively, smaller amounts of L- arginine with a specific combination of other nutritional components (i.e. nitrate and nitrite), which are already part of the regular diet and support alternative pathways to improve NO- mediated vascular function, may also induce beneficial effects. The investigators now hypothesize that in abdominally obese adults with impaired fasting glucose concentrations L-arginine combined with nitrate/nitrite increases muscle insulin sensitivity.
This is a human randomized controlled cross-over study where the effects of e-cigarette inhalation (with or without nicotine) on vascular function, microcirculation and thrombosis is assessed.
Current efforts to arrest the epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have had limited success. Thus there is an urgent need for effective approaches to prevent the development of T2DM. It is widely accepted that the current epidemic is driven by an increase in global food abundance and reduced food quality, making changes in diet a key determinant of the T2DM epidemic. Dietary factors can affect cardio-metabolic health; among these factors, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in food are potential risk factors for insulin resistance and T2DM. AGEs are a heterogeneous group of unavoidable stable bioactive compounds. Endogenous formation of AGEs is a continuous naturally occurring process, and is the result of normal metabolism. However, increased formation of AGEs occurs during ageing and under hyperglycaemic conditions. AGEs are implicated in the development of diabetes and vascular complications. Over the past several decades, methods of food processing have changed and meals now contain excess fat and sugar and are most susceptible for the formation of AGEs. In addition, AGEs in food are highly desirable due to their profound effect on shelf life, sterility, flavour, colour, and thus food consumption. Hence, a substantial portion of AGEs are derived from exogenous sources, particularly food. These exogenous AGEs are potential risk factors for insulin resistance and the development of T2DM. The investigators recently found that dietary AGEs represent a significant source of circulating AGEs, and have similar pathogenic properties compared to their endogenous counterparts including the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. Taken together, dietary AGEs are proposed to play a pivotal role in the development and progression of T2DM and its complications. Reduction of dietary intake of AGEs may therefore be an alternative strategy to reduce the risk of vascular disease and insulin resistance. The investigators therefore hypothesize that dietary restriction of AGEs in overweight individuals improves insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and vascular function.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of a 12-week aquatic walking exercise program on body composition, vascular function, cardiorespiratory capacity, exercise tolerance, muscular strength, and physical function in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The effects of the 12-week aquatic walking exercise program were also compared to the effects of a 12-week land-based walking exercise program.