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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04791787
Other study ID # HSC20200230H
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date November 25, 2020
Est. completion date April 25, 2023

Study information

Verified date June 2024
Source The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The study team will examine the effect of a ketogenic diet alone and ketogenic diet supplemented with oral ketones on how the body of individuals with type 2 diabetes respond to insulin, regulates insulin secretion, food intake and energetic pathways and influences body fat distribution.


Description:

Subjects will be randomized into three groups (1) standard, weight maintaining diet containing approximately 25-35% protein, 45-55% carbohydrate, 20-30% fat; (2) weight maintaining isocaloric ketogenic diet containing approximately 15-25% protein, 5-10% carbohydrate, 70-80% fat; (3) weight maintaining isocaloric diet containing approximately 15-25% protein, 5-10% carbohydrate, 70-80% fat supplemented with the ketone ester of beta-hydroxy butyrate, 8 grams every 8 hours to further increase the plasma ketone concentration by ~3 mM. Subjects will be further randomized on the basis of: (i) HbA1c 7.0-8.5% and 8.5-10.5% to ensure similar baseline levels of glucose control and (ii) drug naïve versus drug-treated. At the time of screening, after a 10-12 hour overnight fast, indirect calorimetry will be performed with a ventilated hood system for 60 minutes to measure baseline energy expenditure. An initial weight maintenance energy requirement estimate as 1.5 times resting energy expenditure (obtained by indirect calorimetry) will be started. Diets will consist of a 10-day rotating menu using NutriAdmin for meal planning and Nutrition Maker for analysis of recipes Food will be prepared in the Cafeteria and or the Metabolic Kitchen at the Texas Diabetes Institute and certified by a dietician. Subjects will report to the diet kitchen at 8 AM on Monday through Saturday where they will eat their breakfast and pick up food for their lunch and dinner. On Saturday, participants also will be given food for their Sunday meals. Subjects will maintain a daily dietary log with all food consumed. On each visit subjects will be weighed; dietary log will be reviewed and the caloric content of the diet will be adjusted to maintain the body weight constant. Blood pressure will be measured in the reclining position x 2 separate days. Antidiabetic medications will not be changed during the study unless hypoglycemia (fasting plasma glucose <70 mg/dl or symptoms) occurs. The study duration will be 10 days which should be sufficient to observe the effect of hyperketonemia on glucose/lipid metabolism and energy expenditure. If participant cannot come on the last days of his/her diet treatment, than we will extend this period up to 13 days and participant will be given diet for additional days till completion of the study visits.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 35
Est. completion date April 25, 2023
Est. primary completion date April 25, 2023
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 70 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age from 18-70 years 2. BMI = 27.5-42 kg.m2 3. HbA1c = 7.0-10.5 4. Weight stable (±4-5lb) in the preceding 3 months 5. Good general health Exclusion Criteria: 1. Use of medications that affect glucose tolerance other than metformin/sulfonylurea/DPP4 Inhibitor 2. Major organ disease 3. Estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min 4. Type 1 diabetes 5. Hematocrit < 34 (if HbA1c is in the 8.5 to 10% range)

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Other:
Standard weight maintaining diet
Diet containing diet approximately 25-35% protein, 45-55% carbohydrate, 20- 30% fat
Weight maintaining isocaloric ketogenic diet
Isocaloric ketogenic diet containing approximately 15-25% protein, 5-10% carbohydrate,70- 80% fat
Dietary Supplement:
Beta-hydroxy butyrate
A supplement of ketone ester of beta-hydroxy butyrate

Locations

Country Name City State
United States University Health Systems-Texas Diabetes Institute San Antonio Texas
United States University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) A change in FPG will be measured Baseline to 10 days
Primary Hepatic Glucose production (HGP) Change of hepatic glucose production will be measured using 3H-glucose infusion Baseline to 10 days
Primary Whole Body Fat Oxidation Change in whole body fat oxidation will be measured using indirect calorimetry Baseline to 10 days
Primary Total Body Fat Change in whole body fat Baseline to 10 days
Primary Hepatic Fat Content Change in hepatic fat content Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Plasma Insulin Change in plasma insulin will be measured Baseline to 10 days
Secondary C-peptide Change in C-peptide will be measured Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Free Fatty Acid (FFA) Change in FFA will be measured Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Glycerol level Change in Glycerol level will be measured Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Low density lipoproteins (LDL) Change in LDL Baseline to 10 days
Secondary High density lipoproteins (HDL) Change in HDL Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Triglycerides Change in triglyceride levels Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Urine Microalbumin excretion Change in urine microalbumin excretion Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Glycated hemoglobin test (HbA1c) Change in HbA1c Baseline to 10 days
Secondary Fructosamine level Change in fructosamine Baseline to 10 days
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