Oral Insulin: A Comparison With Subcutaneous Regular Human Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Comparison of the Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Oral Insulin vs. s.c. Regular Insulin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00982254
• Other study ID #: 175A-C-02
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 1
• First received: September 14, 2009
• Last updated: September 22, 2009
• Start date: October 2001

Study information

• Verified date: September 2009
• Source: Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Germany: Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study compared the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of an oral insulin formulation with that of a standard subcutaneous injection of regular human insulin.

Description:

This study was a single centre, randomized, 3-period crossover study performed in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients received single doses of an oral insulin formulation and subcutaneous regular human insulin on separate visits.

The primary objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of an oral insulin formulation with that of 15 U subcutaneous injected regular human insulin.

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters including bioavailability and bioefficacy were measured during 6-hour glucose clamp experiments.

Study duration: 2 months

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 10
• Est. primary completion date: November 2001
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Male
• Age group: 35 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male subjects between the ages of 35 and 70 years, inclusive, with Type 2 diabetes mellitus as defined by the ADA criteria for more than one year

• Subjects must have Body Mass Index (BMI) < 36 kg/m²

• Stable glycemic control (HbA1C <11%)

• Subjects must be off all oral hypoglycemic agents 24 hours prior to each study dosing day and off any investigational drug for at least 4 weeks

• Subjects must refrain from strenuous physical activity beginning 72 hours prior to admission and through the duration of the study

• Subjects must be willing and able to be confined to the Clinical Research Unit as required by the protocol

• Subjects must be willing and able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• History or presence of clinically significant cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, neurological or infectious disorders capable of altering the absorption, metabolism or elimination of drugs, or of constituting a risk factor when taking the study medication

• Subjects with gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension and hypoglycemia unawareness (autonomic neuropathy).

• Subjects with "brittle" diabetes or predisposition to severe hypoglycemia, e.g., 2 or more serious hypoglycemic episodes (requiring another's assistance) within the past year, or any hospitalization or emergency room visit due to poor diabetic control within the past 6 months.

• Evidence of significant active hematological disease and/or cumulative blood donation of 1 unit (500 mL) or more including blood drawn during clinical trials in the last 3 months

• Positive hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen) and/or hepatitis C (hepatitis C antibody) serology

• Positive HIV serology

• Evidence of significant active neuropsychiatric disease

• Known allergy to human insulin excipients contained in these products

• Regular alcohol intake greater than 28 units*/week (male), or 21 units/week (female), or subjects unwilling to stop alcohol for the duration of the study (* 1 unit = 8 g ethanol, ¼ liter of beer or 1 glass wine or 1 measure of spirits)

• Intake of any drug which in the evaluation of the investigator may interfere with the interpretation of trial results or are known to cause clinically relevant interference with insulin action, glucose utilisation or recovery from hypoglycaemia.

• Treatment with s.c. insulin injections.

• Investigators, site personnel directly affiliated with this study, and their immediate families. Immediate family is defined as a spouse, parent, child or sibling, whether biological or legally adopted

• Have any other condition (including drug abuse, alcohol abuse, or psychiatric disorder) that, in the opinion of the investigator, precludes the patient from following and completing the protocol.

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacokinetics/Dynamics Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
• Type 2 Diabetes

Intervention

Drug:
• Oral insulin
oral insulin capsule formulation (150 U insulin/200 mg 4-CNAB in one capsule); single dose administration of 300 U insulin (in two capsules) and of 150 U insulin (one capsule) on two separate dosing days.
• regular human insulin
subcutaneous injection of 15 U regular human insulin; single dose administration on one separate dosing visit.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Germany	Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH	Neuss

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH	Emisphere Technologies, Inc.

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Germany, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR)		For each treatment continuously from 6 hours before dosing until 6 hours after dosing	No
Secondary	Plasma insulin concentration		For each treatment at regular times from 6 hours before dosing until 6 hours after dosing	No
Secondary	Plasma C-Peptide		For each treatment at regular times from 6 hours before dosing until 6 hours after dosing	No
Secondary	Adverse Events		For each treatment before and after end of clamp	Yes