View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:It was hypothesized that tuberculosis patients receiving multiple interventions like educations, counseling and default tracing along with DOTS were more likely to adhere to tuberculosis treatment as compared to few interventions or DOTS only.
The purpose of this is a study to provide early access of TMC207 to patients with pulmonary infection due to strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) with resistance to isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), and to a fluoroquinolone (FQ) and/or injectable second line tuberculosis (TB) drug (kanamycin, amikacin, or capreomycin) and who are unable/ineligible to participate in any other TMC207 study. In addition, information on safety and tolerability of TMC207 in combination with anti-TB drugs will be assessed and the results of microbiology assessments which are recommended to be performed during the early access study will be collected.
The purpose of this trial is to determine if door-to-door is more effective than community gathering in providing voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) in communities in rural Lesotho. The voluntary HIV counseling and testing will be proposed as an integrated part of a package of proposed services. The package consists of: Blood-pressure measurement, blood-glucose measurement, Body-mass-index (adults), weight for height (children), catch-up vaccinations, deworming (children) Vitamin A (children & young women), family planning for eligible women, Tuberculosis screening and HIV counseling and testing.
The purpose of the study is to estimate plasma drug levels ( free and total drug levels ) of rifampicin and other antituberculosis drugs and compare these drug levels in patients who develop drug induced hepatotoxicity versus those who do not .The study hypothesis is that the ATT drug induced hepatotoxicity is related to free drug levels of rifampicin and other antituberculosis drugs .
The specific aims of this project are: (1) to compare the impact of using the routine screening and GeneXpert algorithms for TB case detection on Tuberculosis (TB)- and HIV-related outcomes; (2) to compare the impact of using the routine screening and GeneXpert algorithms for exclusion of TB prior to initiation of IPT and ART on TB- and HIV-related outcomes; and (3) to assess the relative cost-effectiveness of the routine screening and GeneXpert algorithms for TB case detection and exclusion of TB. The GeneXpert is a "disruptive technology"10 that could allow TB/HIV programs in resource-limited settings to leapfrog over solid and liquid culture-based TB diagnostic algorithms, and to remove a key barrier to scale up of ICF and IPT.
Tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection (OI) in HIV-infected persons worldwide, including in South East Asia. Significant numbers of patients experience tuberculosis-related paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) after ART initiation, yet the optimal treatment of TB-IRIS is unknown. A recent randomized-controlled trial showed the benefit of prednisone over placebo in reduction of days of hospitalization and invasive procedures. The investigators hypothesize that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are as effective as corticosteroids for treatment of non-life threatening TB-IRIS in HIV-infected patients and hypothesize that adjunctive treatment with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (Statins) may improve the outcomes. This is a randomized controlled trial with a 2x2 factorial design to test the relative benefit of corticosteroids, NSAIDS, and Statins for the symptomatic and immunologic control of TB-IRIS.
Tuberculosis is a worldwide common infectious disease and effective first line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs were available such as isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. However, anti-TB drugs may induce hepatic injury resulting in discontinuation of anti-TB drugs or changing anti-Tb drug regimen. Silymarin has been widely studied for the effect on hepatitis and it has been used in hepatology. Therefore, the investigators hypothesized that prophylactic administration of silymarin with anti-TB drugs may decrease the incidence and severity of hepatotoxicity induced by anti-TB drugs.
Detection of M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens of children has a low sensitivity because specimens are either difficult to collect or contain low levels of M. tuberculosis. Diagnostic criteria are non-specific and culture confirmation is challenging, as sputum samples are not often obtainable from small children and specimens typically have low yield. Although children are typically thought to have paucibacillary disease, they are at greater risk for dissemination of TB. This may allow for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from other bodily fluids than sputum or gastric aspirate, including blood and urine. Unfortunately, little is known about the overall yield from these various specimens. From pilot data collected among adults and children in Tugela Ferry, we know that it is feasible to collect and test various bodily fluid specimens for TB culture. This study aim to test the hypothesis that blood and urine cultures will detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis from children suspected of disseminated TB, and that a proportion of these non-sputum bodily fluids will detect both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis when sputum or gastric culture does not.
Background: Increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa will require decentralization to primary health care. For this purpose, adapted methods for management of patients co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are needed. Improved detection of TB in patients starting ART, and assessment of co-administration of ART and TB treatment are priorities in this field. Aims: To identify clinical predictors of TB in patients starting ART, and to construct screening algorithms for TB in this population; to assess ART outcomes in patients receiving TB treatment at health centre level. Work plan: The project is performed in health centres providing ART in Ethiopia. A cohort of HIV positive patients initiating ART is prospectively followed. Baseline characteristics are registered; blood samples for CD4 cells, HIV RNA and immunological markers are collected, as well as sputum for TB culture and PCR. During ART, clinical data, CD4 cell counts and HIV RNA levels are followed. Patients with TB are compared to those without TB with regard to ART outcome. Baseline factors associated with TB will be used to construct TB screening algorithms. Recruitment of the cohort was completed in March 2013; follow-up for determination of long term outcome of ART will be continued until 2016. Significance: These studies give insight into TB-HIV co-infection at primary health care level in a Sub-Saharan region, and may impact future guidelines for management of such patients.
This study seeks to address the question of whether intermittent dosing of rifampicin influences the pharmacokinetics of raltegravir when co-administered. This study aims to look at what happens when rifampicin is taken 3 times a week with the standard dose and an increased dose of raltegravir. This is to find out the best dose of raltegravir to take when taking rifampicin 3 times a week. The study will be conducted in 18 healthy volunteers.