View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:This study will evaluate two different ways to give rifapentine (RPT), a drug that may help shorten treatment duration for tuberculosis (TB) disease.
Background: - Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Those who are exposed to the TB bacteria but have not become sick are said to have latent TB. Many people with latent TB will not get sick from it, but some people will develop active TB and become sick. Much is known about how to treat and diagnose active TB, but little is known about the best way to treat latent TB. Researchers also want to know more about the risk that latent TB will develop into active TB, and whether it is possible to test for this risk. Objectives: - To test possible methods of determining a person s risk for developing active TB. Eligibility: - Individuals between 20 and 60 years of age who (1) have active TB, (2) were exposed to someone with active TB in the past 9 months, or (3) have not been exposed to TB. Design: - Participants will be separated into groups based on their exposure to TB. - Healthy participants who were not exposed to TB will answer questions about their medical history. They will also provide blood and urine samples. - Participants who have active TB will have a physical exam and medical history. They will provide blood, urine, and sputum samples, and will have a chest x-ray. They will be treated with the standard of care for active TB. Some participants with active TB may have additional tests as part of this study. - Participants who were exposed to TB and have latent TB will have a physical exam and medical history. They will provide blood, urine, and sputum samples, and will have a chest x-ray. They will be asked to return for five more clinic visits over the next 12 months to repeat these tests. They may also have additional chest imaging studies depending on the study needs. - Some of the exposed participants may have been exposed to drug-resistant TB. These participants will receive the drug isoniazid to take on a regular schedule to help prevent the latent TB from becoming active TB.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health concern and developing new treatment regimens is an important research priority. PA-824 is an experimental TB medication. This study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of PA-824 when combined with efavirenz (EFV) or ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r), which are medications used to treat HIV infection, or rifampin (RIF), which is a medication used to treat TB. Study researchers will examine the safety and tolerability of these drug combinations and how the medications affect the levels of PA-824 in the blood.
Tubercular pleural effusion is the second most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) seen in clinical practice after tuberculosis (TB) lymphadenitis. It is common that after complete treatment of the patient with tubercular pleural effusion with six months of the short-course chemotherapy under Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS), pleural effusion has not resolved completely. In these cases treatment need to be extended for one or two more months by giving extension pouches. Since DOTS does not recommend demonstration of complete resolution of tubercular pleural effusion at the end of treatment completion, there is paucity of data in terms of the patients declared cure for the sputum negative pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB as such which includes TB pleural effusion as well. This project aims to look into the patient characteristics, treatment outcome, and compute the number of cases which require an extended regimen and to what extent is the pleural effusion persistent at the end of six months of standard DOTS therapy.
Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a novel automated molecular tool for the diagnosis of TB. Xpert can detect TB genetic material in sputum samples as well as test for genetic resistance to rifampicin providing results within 2 hours. Xpert received WHO endorsement in December 2010. There is limited data on the impact of Xpert on time-to-treatment and TB-related patient morbidity in primary care clinics. No studies have yet evaluated Xpert performed at the point-of-treatment (POT) i.e. in primary care clinic location. The investigators hypothesize that one sputum GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay performed at the POT will improve time-to-diagnosis, time-to-treatment and TB related patient morbidity for patients with suspected TB presenting to primary level TB clinics in high HIV prevalent settings.
This study will examine the impact of use of mobile phones and text messaging on adherence to treatment for patients with latent TB infection. Half (50%) of the 350 anticipated study participants will receive weekly text messages inquiring on their health status in relation to their prescribed treatment, while the other half (50%) will not receive weekly text messages at all. Medical adherence will be assessed by monthly blood-work, clinic visits and by interviewing patients at each of these visits. The investigators hypothesis is that enhanced communication with a health care provider, via a structured cell phone SMS text messaging based program (WelTel), will result in a 15% improvement in the proportion of patients who successfully complete their LTBI treatment regimens.
Background: - Lymphatic filariasis is an infection that is caused by small, thread-like worms. It is spread by mosquitoes, and causes fever, chills, and headaches. If untreated, it can also cause elephantiasis, a condition that leads to swelling of the arms, legs, breasts, and scrotum. Treatment can eliminate the worms from the blood and reduce the risk of developing elephantiasis. Researchers want to study people with latent tuberculosis (TB) who may or may not be infected with filariasis. This study will look at the way that people with latent TB fight infection with these worms. Objectives: - To study how the immune systems of people with latent TB react to filarial infection. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age who have latent TB and may or may not have filarial infection. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. They will provide a blood and stool sample to test for infection. - Participants who do not have lymphatic filariasis but have another kind of intestinal worm will be treated for the parasite. This will be their last study visit. - Participants who have latent TB and lymphatic filariasis will be treated with the standard treatment for the disease. They will come back for a second visit 6 months later, and will provide another blood sample.
This study will investigate the benefit of using Sputum induction for TB diagnosis in a primary care clinic for adult TB suspects that are either unable to produce a sputum sample (sputum scarce) or on initial diagnostic work-up have 2 negative sputum smear samples (WHO standard for frontline TB diagnosis). The investigators hypothesize that acquiring an induced sputum sample for smear microscopy and liquid TB culture will decrease time-to-diagnosis and time-to-treatment initiation in smear negative/sputum scarce TB patients in a primary care clinic in a resource-limited high TB HIV prevalent setting.
This is a cohort observational study investigating the rate of tuberculosis (TB) recurrence in adult patients who have completed TB therapy for Pulmonary TB (PTB) and are on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).The primary objective of this study is to determine the incidence of TB recurrence in patients on HAART.The study is being conducted at the CAPRISA eThekwini Clinical Research Site (CRS), which is adjacent to the Prince Cyril Zulu Communicable Disease Clinic (PCZCDC), a major urban TB clinic, in Durban, South Africa.No hypotheses will be tested in this study; however, the primary study question will determine the proportion of TB recurrence due to relapse vs. re-infection.The study has enrolled 402 participants
Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic utility and impact on patient outcomes of an automated PCR (Gene Xpert® MTB/RIF), in a group of patients with suspected pulmonary TB who are mechanically ventilated in ICU, using tracheal aspirates. Hypothesis: Gene Xpert is an accurate tool for the diagnosis of TB in the Intensive Care Unit and will impact on rates of treatment initiation and hospital stay.