View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether regularly scheduled medication reminder text messages (SMS) are effective in increasing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment completion.
This phase IV clinical study trial will be conducted among persons who require treatment for LTBI treatment in Iqaluit, Nunavut and Ottawa, Ontario. The primary objective of this study is to compare the proportion of people who complete directly observed prophylactic treatment (DOPT) using the new 3HP regimen to the current standard of 9 months INH.
To compare the positivity rate of the investigational assay to the currently approved QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay.
This research is being done to determine if Nitazoxanide (NTZ) will cause a significant decrease in the number of M. tuberculosis bacteria in sputum after 14 days of treatment. The study is being conducted at the GHESKIO Centers in Port au Prince Haiti
The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a nanotube-based point-of-care breath-based tuberculosis screening test as compared to the current standards of care including sputum microscopy, sputum culture, chest X-ray, and GeneXpert (MTB/RIF). The primary objective is to determine an initial estimate of the sensitivity and specificity of a nano-tube based point-of-care test for the diagnosis and screening of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Secondary objectives include the collection of user data to test and further develop the screening platform based on end-user feedback.
Using modern technology, investigators will observe participants taking their TB tablets three times per week using a mobile phone, iPod or computer with camera facilities in the participants home environment.
Lesotho, a small, landlocked country completely surrounded by South Africa, is among the world's poorest nations with one of the world's most severe epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV. TB incidence is the world's highest and approximately 76% of TB patients are HIV coinfected. Data from similar settings suggest that TB incidence in children is approximately 50% of adult TB incidence. The Lesotho National TB Program has adopted World Health Organization's (WHO) isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) recommendations for child contacts; however, as in other countries in the region, implementation of IPT in children is limited, no clear strategies guide child contact tracing and screening, and no clear methods ensure provision of IPT in children. Thus, it is important to evaluate novel methods to prevent TB in child contacts of adult TB cases. The purpose of the PREVENT Study is to identify an effective and acceptable intervention that addresses programmatic, structural and psychosocial barriers to contact tracing, screening, and IPT for child contacts of TB patients, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes among children in Lesotho. The study is a two-arm cluster randomized trial, randomized at the TB clinic level, which includes ten TB clinics in Berea district. Clinics are randomized to deliver the community-based intervention (CBI) or standard of care (SOC), with stratification by facility type. The experimental intervention will be delivered to all child contacts of adult TB patients in TB clinics randomly assigned to CBI. In TB clinics assigned to SOC, usual care procedures for contact tracing and IPT will be delivered.
This study addresses the highest ranking health research priority in South Africa, which is, to develop and test optimal models of HIV-TB service delivery that will enhance retention, adherence and coverage of HIV-TB co-infected patients. HIV and TB are highest in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with limited health budgets, infrastructure, human resources, and suboptimal TB infection control practices. There is compelling clinical evidence suggesting that integrating HIV and TB services saves lives and presents an effective and efficient use of resources directed at optimizing health outcomes. Quality improvement (QI) methods are increasingly being used to systematically test and incorporate local ideas into strategies for reliable implementation and scale up. This trial is designed to test a practical, implementable and affordable strategy aimed at improving HIV-TB service integration to reduce TB and HIV associated deaths. This is a cluster randomized controlled trial, which evaluates and tests the effectiveness of implementing a QI model to integrate HIV-TB service delivery in primary health care clinics, on reducing morbidity and mortality in TB-HIV co-infected patients. This study will be conducted in 2 districts, Ugu and uThungulu, in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The model of integrated care delivery for TB and HIV using the QI method offers a systems approach to care delivery to directly enhance treatment outcomes by enabling comprehensive effective care designed around the patients journey from entry to the clinic, through screening treatment initiation, treatment completion, and retention in care that is directed at the goals of cure for TB, effective sustainable HIV viral suppression and reduced HIV associated TB mortality as the main health impact. The scalability of the model, once proven effective, is the critical element that makes it increase population coverage of quality diagnosis and treatment of HIV-TB co-infection. QI methods promote front line staff engagement in identification and rapid testing of local implementation solutions to gaps in performance of processes of care along the steps of the patient journey. Gaps in care are identified through continuous feedback on a core set of indicators collected monthly as routine collection of data.
The aim of this project is to analyze the potential contribution of IGRA test QuantiFERON-TB Gold In Tube test (QTF-GIT, Cellestis Limited, Carnegie, Victoria, Australia) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB - active or latent) in pediatric subjects (0 and 17 year)s recently exposed to infection (indicated as "contacts") or with clinical suspicion of active TB, and to compare the results obtained with those of the TuberculinSkin Test (TST; gold standard). The project is expected to enroll up to 50 pediatric patients over a 4-year study. Children with access to Ambulatory structures or hospitalized at University Infectious Diseases Clinic or Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital of Siena, or with access to Ambulatory or hospitalized at Pediatric Clinic USL 9 Grosseto will be enrolled. Once obtained the informed consent of patients' parents or legal guardians, patients will be enrolled. The doctor will administer a clinical-anamnestic questionnaire, relative to the country of birth and residence, date of arrival in Italy and any stays in the country of origin (in case of foreign patient), travels abroad, risk factors for infectious diseases, type of contact with any index case, previous vaccination with BCG, date and outcome of the TST, clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of active TB, report of any instrumental investigation. Together with the collection of blood samples for routine purposes, an additional blood sample will be taken so to run IGRA test. Also patients for whom their medical doctor will independently order to run QTF-GIT test as necessary tool for the clinical diagnosis of TB will be included in the study. A retrospective analysis will be performed on patient pertaining to participant Clinics, from 1 January 2012 to 31 May 2015. Such analysis will be performed on those patients for which their medical doctor requested both intradermal Mantoux and IGRA test. Expected results: - estimation of concordance between QuantiFERON-TB Gold In Tube and TST in pediatric patients exposed to TB, with or without latent TB infection - Evaluation of the sensitivity of the test QTF-GIT in patients with active tuberculosis disease - Evaluation of specificity of testQTF-GIT in not infected patients - Evaluation on the possible use of QTF-GIT, together with TST, to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis latent or active infection in pediatric subjects. - Evaluation of the possible diagnostic use of QTF-GIT in the child <5 years.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), tolerability, and safety of once-weekly doses of rifapentine (RPT) and isoniazid (INH) in HIV-1-infected and HIV-1-uninfected pregnant and postpartum women with latent tuberculosis (TB).