View clinical trials related to Tobacco Use Disorder.
Filter by:The purpose of this record is to test whether (a) participants who receive a Web-based smokeless tobacco cessation intervention will be more likely to be abstinent than participants who do not receive this intervention, and (b) whether participants who receive a telephone quitline intervention will be more likely to be abstinent than participants who are not in a quitline intervention.
The purpose of this study is to determine how people react to different combinations of alcohol and nicotine.
RATIONALE: Varenicline, the nicotine patch, and nicotine gum help people stop smoking. It is not yet known whether varenicline is more effective than the nicotine patch given together with nicotine gum in helping smokers quit smoking. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying varenicline to see how well it works compared with the nicotine patch given together with nicotine gum in helping smokers in a methadone treatment program stop smoking.
Varenicline (Champix) is a relatively new medicine that is effective in helping people to quit smoking. It is normally started 1-week before stopping smoking and used for up to 12-24 weeks. We are trying to find out if using varenicline for an extended time (4-weeks) before stopping smoking is better than the standard 1-week of use prior to stopping. The study will recruit 100 smokers who want to stop. They will be randomly allocated to receive varenicline(4−weeks) or placebo (3−weeks followed by 1−week of active treatment as indicated by standard prescribing practice), followed by a 12−week open label treatment period where all participants will receive varenicline.
In this study, smokers will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions for six weeks: 1) nicotine-free cigarettes (0.05mg); 2) extra low nicotine cigarettes (0.3 mg); or 3) medicinal 4 mg nicotine lozenge. The tobacco toxin profiles across these various products will be compared. The effects of these products on biomarkers of exposure and risk factors for disease, compensatory smoking, components of tobacco addiction and short-term smoking cessation will be determined. Predictors of response to these products (e.g., compensatory smoking, compliance with product use, time to lapse) will also be examined. The following primary hypothesis will be tested: 1) Extent of tobacco toxin exposure will be greatest for the extra low nicotine cigarette and least for nicotine lozenge. Other secondary hypotheses include: 2) Compensatory smoking, as calculated by using cotinine, will be greatest for the extra low cigarette compared to the nicotine-free cigarette; 3) Greater positive subjective responses to cigarettes will be observed with extra low nicotine vs. nicotine-free cigarette; 4) Similar withdrawal symptoms and negative affect will be observed with nicotine-free cigarette and nicotine lozenge, and least withdrawal and negative affect with the extra low nicotine cigarette; 6) Least dependence and greatest motivation and self-efficacy to quit will be observed with nicotine lozenge and the greatest dependence and least motivation and self-efficacy to quit with the extra low nicotine cigarette use; 7) Shorter time to lapse will be observed with extra low nicotine vs. nicotine-free cigarettes because of extinction is likely to occur with nicotine-free cigarettes, and the longest time to lapse for nicotine lozenge because the cigarette condition groups will have experienced stronger attentional bias toward cues, and more dependence prior to the quit date and greater withdrawal after the quit date.
In this study, we will compare cue-reactivity in smokers with and without schizophrenia and the influence of smoking cues on responding for cigarette puffs under a PR schedule of reinforcement. Given the high prevalence of smoking among individuals with schizophrenia, understanding some of the environmental factors that serve to maintain nicotine dependence is a critical step in improving smoking cessation treatment outcomes. Establishing and validating a laboratory model of cue-elicited responsivity and cigarette self- administration will allow the investigation of the efficacy of anti-craving medications in people with schizophrenia. Specific Aims 1) To compare the effects of smoking versus neutral cues on craving, mood, and autonomic responsivity in smokers with schizophrenia and smokers without schizophrenia. 2) To compare the effects of smoking versus neutral cues on the reinforcing efficacy of tobacco cigarettes in smokers with schizophrenia and smokers without schizophrenia. Outcome Measures During cue trials, primary measures include craving (TCQ-SF, VAS), mood (mood form, VAS), and autonomic (heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance and temperature) responsivity. During self-administration trials, primary measures include breakpoint (final ratio completed), total number of responses, and number of cigarette puffs earned and taken. Secondary measures include baseline smoking history, mood form, TCQ-SF, CO, FTND, and urinary cotinine and 3-hydroxycotinine (3-HC). The ratio of 3-HC/cotinine is a phenotypic biomarker of the rate of nicotine metabolism, which has been shown to be associated with level of nicotine dependence, various smoking behaviors, and treatment outcome (Ho & Tyndale, 2007). We will correlate the primary measures with the 3-HC/cotinine ratio to explore possible relationships for future study.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of varenicline as compared to nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation among outpatients in treatment for substance use disorders. The intervention also incorporates counseling (Brief Advice), (adapted for sobriety settings), skills training and medication management.
Specific aims: 1. To obtain pilot data on 4-week continuous quit rates associated with 10 weeks of treatment with topiramate or placebo or topiramate plus nicotine patch for smoking cessation. 2. To obtain pilot data on the effects of 10 weeks of topiramate versus placebo versus combination of topiramate plus nicotine patch on nicotine withdrawal symptoms, smoking satisfaction, and adverse effects during smoking cessation. 3. To obtain pilot data on weight gain over 10 weeks with topiramate versus placebo versus combination of topiramate plus nicotine patch for smoking cessation.
N-acetylcysteine is an inexpensive agent with a benign side effect profile with preliminary studies in humans suggesting efficacy for the treatment of cocaine dependence. N-acetylcysteine has been used in clinical medicine for nearly three decades to treat chronic lung conditions, acetaminophen overdose, and experimentally to treat cocaine dependence. It is generally safe and well tolerated. The present pilot study seeks to explore safety and tolerability, ad lib smoking, visual cue reactivity, and smoking reduction rates in a group of nontreatment seeking, nicotine dependence smokers who are willing to undergo a brief trial with oral N-acetylcysteine 1200 mg twice daily.
The objective of this proposal is to elucidate effects of bupropion SR + varenicline on smoking-cessation related processes in early abstinence using a human laboratory model. A within-subjects design will be used to assess the additive effects of bupropion and varenicline in 48 treatment seeking smokers [bupropion SR (300 mg/day)+placebo, varenicline (2 mg/day+placebo, and bupropion SR (300 mg/day)+varenicline (2 mg/day)]. Outcomes include withdrawal and craving, cognition, stress tolerance, anxiety, the reinforcing effects of smoking, and smoking topography. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that greatest treatment effects will be observed in the bupropion SR+varenicline group followed by varenicline+placebo and bupropion SR+placebo groups.