View clinical trials related to Tobacco Use Disorder.
Filter by:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common co-occurring psychiatric disorders (30-50%) in adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD). Yet, little is known about the safety and efficacy of medications for ADHD in adolescents with SUD, since such youths have been excluded from most medication trials. Clinicians are therefore understandably reluctant to treat ADHD in substance abusing adolescents, often first referring such youths to substance treatment. Untreated ADHD is associated with poorer substance treatment outcomes. We address this research gap by proposing a randomized controlled trial of bupropion vs placebo in 130 adolescents (13-19 years) with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV) ADHD, nicotine dependence and cannabis use disorder (not excluding other SUD). Participants in both bupropion and placebo treatment groups will receive weekly individual manualized-standardized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targeting SUD (at no cost to them) throughout the 16 weeks of the medication trial. Bupropion also is effective in treating nicotine dependence in adults; the majority of adolescents with marijuana and other drug abuse also smoke tobacco. More recent research in adults indicates that bupropion may reduce craving and use of other substances of abuse (e.g. methamphetamine, cocaine). It's possible impact on cannabis use disorder (the addiction for which most teens are referred to treatment) has not yet been evaluated. However since all drugs of abuse have a final common pathway leading to addiction via action in the so called brain reward system (ventral tegmental area (VTA), accumbens) -an important secondary aim is to evaluate bupropion's potential impact on craving and use of marijuana (MJ) in addition to its known similar action on nicotine.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of varenicline treatment on cue induced craving to smoking using brain imaging. The investigators hypothesize that participants will report reduced urges to smoke and will have less activation in parts of the brain associated with craving.
This research study is being done to find out if adding a moderate exercise program or a relaxation program to a smoking cessation treatment program will improve smoking cessation and health in postmenopausal women. We hope to learn which group is more successful at quitting, has less symptoms of withdrawal from smoking and has improved health.
Cigarette smoking is a major cause of illness among HIV-infected patients (non-AIDS defining malignancies (especially lung cancer), non-AIDS bacterial infections and cardio-vascular diseases). Approximately 50% of HIV-infected patients are regular tobacco smokers. Tobacco smoking cessation has well known benefits on mortality and morbidity in the general population where tobacco cessation assistance programs are increasingly implemented. However, smoking cessation interventions have never been evaluated among HIV-infected patients. This trial aims at evaluating the efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation compared with placebo.
Alcohol and nicotine dependence are often co-morbid, with 85% of alcoholics also smoking. However, very little research has been conducted into the nature of this co-occurrence. Thus, the main aim of this study is to assess differences in alcohol and tobacco consumption and cue-induced craving in treatment-seeking smokers after two weeks treatment of varenicline. Hypotheses 1. Two weeks of varenicline treatment will significantly decrease cue-induced tobacco craving compared to placebo (Due to the actions of varenicline on alpha-4-beta-2 receptors and its downstream effect on dopamine release). 2. Varenicline will decrease cue-induced alcohol craving compared to placebo. 3. The impact of Varenicline on cue-induced alcohol craving will be greater in heavy drinkers compared to social drinkers.
Airway macrophage impairment is a central feature in the immunopathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, regardless of smoking status.
Nicotine dependence is prevalent in society, cigarette smoking is associated with several known health risks, and most dependent individuals find it very difficult to stop smoking cigarettes. The present study will test the efficacy of a behavioral smoking cessation treatment, prize-based contingency management, that has not undergone rigorous study with respect to smoking, it but has demonstrated efficacy in reducing use of other substances (e.g. cocaine). If efficacious, prize-based contingency management would add to our repertoire of efficacious smoking cessation treatments.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether extended pretreatment with varenicline (Chantix) is more efficacious for smoking cessation than standard pretreatment, how well varenicline is tolerated in heavy drinking smokers, and whether varenicline reduces alcohol consumption.
The purpose of this study is to test two quit smoking therapies and to study brain function while each therapy is being used. You will be randomly assigned (like flipping a coin) to one of the two groups. The first therapy is Extinction-Based therapy (EBT). If you are in this group, you will switch to smoking denicotinized cigarettes while wearing a 21 mg/d nicotine patch for one month prior to your quit date. The second therapy is a standard Nicotine Replacement therapy (NRT). If you are in this group, you will smoke your usual brand of cigarettes up to the quit date. Following the quit date, both groups will undergo standard nicotine replacement therapy (21 mg/d for 6 weeks; 14 mg/d for 2 weeks, 7 mg/d for 2 weeks). In addition to the above, we will recruit a sample of former smokers who are now regular users of e-cigarettes. This group [ECIG] will undergo the same screening and baseline assessments as the EBT and NRT groups up to the completion of fMRI1.
Background: - Chronic nicotine exposure through cigarette smoking affects the level of the brain chemical dopamine. Smokers who attempt to quit experience lower levels of dopamine, which increases anxiety and triggers nicotine cravings that make quitting more difficult. - Varenicline (Chantix) is a smoking cessation medication that is designed to reduce nicotine craving and withdrawal by slightly increasing levels of dopamine in the brain. Research has shown that varenicline is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective treatment for nicotine dependence, but researchers are interested in learning more about how it affects the brain and its function. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) will help researchers study the brain s response to nicotine and varenicline. Objectives: - To explore how varenicline affects brain function and behavioral performance in current smokers and healthy volunteers. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 55 years of age who are either current smokers (10 or more cigarettes per day) or healthy nonsmoking volunteers. Design: - The study will involve nine testing and research visits over 5 to 6 weeks. The first visit will provide an initial assessment and training on the tasks that will be completed during the study. - Six testing visits will involve fMRI and EEG measurements of brain activity. Each visit will contain two 2-hour scanning sessions, and each session will involve thinking tests. During these visits, participants will receive varenicline and placebo tablets, and wear nicotine patches and placebo patches that do not contain nicotine. Participants will not be told which tablet or patch they are given. This is a crossover study so all participants eventually get nicotine and placebo, as well as varenicline and placebo. - Two other visits involve different thinking tasks. These visits will not require fMRI or EEG scans.