View clinical trials related to Tobacco Dependence.
Filter by:Elective surgery represents a teachable moment to deliver tobacco interventions. The overall goal of this proposal is to increase the utilization of the QUITPLANSM Helpline by surgical patients who smoke. Two specific aims will be pursued using a multidisciplinary research team. In the first aim, we will develop a practice-based intervention to promote QUITPLANSM Helpline utilization by surgical patients (Specific Aim 1A) using a combination of key informant interviews (approximately 30 subjects), and focus groups (approximately 25 subjects) then develop methods to educate providers in its implementation (Specific Aim 1B) and test their effectiveness in approximately 20 providers. In the second aim, we will perform a randomized clinical trial of this intervention in 300 patients scheduled for elective surgery, with the primary outcome being utilization of the QUITPLANSM Helpline (Specific Aim 2). Subjects will be randomized to receive either the intervention developed in Specific Aim 1, or a brief control intervention.
Including a tailored moderate-intensity physical activity intervention in a standard smoking cessation treatment program (pharmaceutical treatment and counseling) increases the chances of quitting and reduces nicotine withdrawal symptoms, negative moods, stress, and weight gain.
The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a brief clinic-based culturally tailored smoking cessation treatment for a largely low-income, Latino, HIV+ population. We will compare this Culturally-Tailored Intervention (CTI) that incorporates a strong social support component and is targeted to the special needs and concerns of a Latino population to a Standard Care Intervention (SCI) control condition, in a randomized controlled trial. We hypothesize that those Latinos receiving the CTI will demonstrate greater biochemically verified smoking abstinence rates at 12-months post-baseline than those receiving the SCI control treatment. All study participants and their participating social supports will be offered use of the nicotine patch.
The primary purpose of this investigation is to determine the predictive value of task persistence as measured by a mirror tracing task. A secondary purpose is to evaluate differences in task persistence in smokers with or without schizophrenia. It is hypothesized that task persistence in smokers in both diagnostic categories (schizophrenia and no schizophrenia) will predict tobacco dependence treatment outcome at one and six months. It is also hypothesized that smokers with schizophrenia will show lower levels of task persistence after controlling for other motor skills than smokers without schizophrenia.
Cigarette smoking represents a major health problem for patients suffering from schizophrenia. Compared to the general population, schizophrenic patients are significantly more likely to be addicted to nicotine. They also are more likely to be heavy smokers, and tend to be exposed disproportionately to nicotine and other harmful ingredients in the cigarette because of the observed tendency to smoke down to the very end. Further, smoking in these patients may be associated with a higher risk for developing tardive dyskinesia All of these factors render schizophrenic patients a particularly vulnerable group for the detrimental effects of tobacco-related medical problems. Currently, there is little information available regarding the efficacy and utility of smoking cessation treatment methods, as well as factors that may predict patients' response to such treatments. An important related issue is the influence of smoking, and its cessation, on the effects of the medications most of these patients rely upon for the control of their psychiatric symptoms. Although smoking has long been known to significantly alter the metabolism, and thus the effects, of most antipsychotics, the extent and clinical significance of these influences have rarely been assessed. It is unclear to what extent smoke cessation (as well as initiation) changes the side effect profiles of these medications, and whether such changes contribute towards the difficulties in patients' ability and/or willingness to stop smoking. In addition, except pharmacological intervention, readiness to change may be an important factor affecting the outcomes of smoking reduction. Prochaska et al proposed the concept of stages of change to predict the response of quitting behavior for substance use. A lot of evidence support the stronger of readiness of change, the higher successful rate of quitting can be reached. Yet these results are largely found in many non-pharmacological intervention and smoking cessation programs for general population. Till now, no available study solely focus readiness of change quitting smoking behavior in NRT treatment for chronic schizophrenic patients. Thus, we have an a great interest in examining the association between the stages of change and the outcomes of smoking-cessation along with reduction among schizophrenic patients receiving transdermal nicotine patches. In order to begin addressing these important issues, this application proposes to utilize state-of-the-art methodologies derived from the field of pharmacogenetics, molecular biology and clinical trials, to (1) examine short-term and long-term efficacy of standard treatment methods, such as the use of nicotine patches, in this population; (2) identify factors that might predict treatment responses; and, (3) examine the interactions between smoking and the effect of antipsychotics, as well as how such interactions might affect smoking cessation. (4) to examine the predictive value of the stages of change on smoking cessation and reduction outcomes in schizophrenic patients receiving different doses of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and bupropion as implemented in a randomized trial.
Background Smokers often reject drugs as smoking cessation aids. Nonpharmacological interventions are notoriously under-evaluated. Methods We conducted a randomized clinical trial in which we compared a medication, i.e., sustained-release bupropion (Zyban®; 413 subjects), at the time of the trial the most efficacious pharmacological smoking cessation aid, with an ultrashort psychotherapeutic intervention, Psychodynamic Model Training® (366 subjects), a manual-based psychodynamically oriented 1 ½ day autosuggestion training. Outcome criterion was 12-month self-reported continuous abstinence confirmed by urine cotinine levels below the level of detection (13 ng/ml) or, in an independent analysis, by exhaled carbon monoxide of 10 ppm or less at all interviews conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months.
The objective of this pilot research is to investigate the effects of two behavioral smoking cessation programs on aspects of cue-induced cigarette craving, and to further investigate the neural bases of such effects.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a pediatric practice-based smoking prevention and cessation intervention increases abstinence rates among adolescents.
The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the intervention completion rate among cigarette smokers enrolled through the Emergency Department (ED) in a tobacco quitline (QL) and to assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of this intervention.
To test if smokeless tobacco is more effective than nicotine buccal tablets in smoking cessation compared with a control group with low dose nicotine patches. Also retreatment will be tested with smokeless tobacco every 6 months in failures for 1½ year. Adherence to the program will be enhanced by assessment of cholesterol, blood pressure, lung function and body weight every 6 months for 2 years.