View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Diseases.
Filter by:Background: Respiratory health problems are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in adult people with acquired brain injury (ABI). The influence of respiratory muscle training has not yet been studied in this population group. The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two protocols with respiratory muscle training, inspiratory muscle training vs expiratory muscle training, to improve respiratory strength and pulmonary function in adults with CP. Methods: The study is a controlled, randomised, double-blind trial and with allocation concealment. 26 ABI patients will be recruited and randomly distributed in the inspiratory muscle training group (IMT) and the expiratory muscle training group (EMT). Over an 8-week period an IMT or EMT protocol was followed 5 days/week, 5 series of 1-minute with 1-minute rest between them. IMT trained with a load of 50% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and EMT with 50% of the maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). Respiratory strength and pulmonary function were evaluated.
There is evidence from randomized controlled trials in adult patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) suggesting that delivering small tidal volumes with adequate levels of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) and a restrictive fluid strategy could improve outcome. However, there are data and common bedside experience that individual patients may or may not respond to interventions, such as escalation of PEEP or positional changes, and there may be a role for a more personalized ventilator strategy. This strategy could account for the unique individual morphology of lung disease, such as the amount of atelectasis and overdistension as a percentage of total lung tissue, the exact location of atelectasis, and whether positional changes or elevation of PEEP produce lung recruitment or overdistension. Stepwise Recruitment maneuvers (SRMs) in pARDS improve oxygenation in majority of patients. SRMs should be considered for use on an individualized basis in patients with pARDS should be considered if SpO2 decreases by ≥ 5% within 5 minutes of disconnection during suction or coughing or agitation. If a recruitment maneuver is conducted, a decremental PEEP trial must be done to determine the minimum PEEP that sustains the benefits of the recruitment maneuver. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT), a bedside monitor to describe regional lung volume changes, displays a real-time cross-sectional image of the lung. EIT is a non-invasive, non-operator dependent, bedside, radiations-free diagnostic tool, feasible in paediatric patients and repeatable. It allows to study ventilation distribution dividing lungs in four Region Of Interest (ROI), that are layers distributed in an anteroposterior direction, and shows how ventilation is distributed in the areas concerned. EIT measures and calculates other parameters that are related not only to the distribution of ventilation, but also to the homogeneity of ventilation and the response to certain therapeutic maneuvers, such as SRMs or PEEP-application. Aim of this study is to provide a protocolized strategy to assess optimal recruitment and PEEP setting, tailored on the patients individual response in pARDS.
The purpose of this research study is to find out how well two different 2023-2024 updated COVID-19 vaccines protect people from COVID-19 (the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus), and to determine if getting a 2023-2024 updated vaccine provides better protection from COVID-19 than not getting a vaccine. If the participant chooses to get a 2023-2024 updated COVID-19 vaccine as part of this study, they will have a 50/50 chance of receiving either the Novavax or Pfizer mRNA vaccine. If the participant decides not to get a 2023-2024 updated COVID-19 vaccine, the participant can still participate in other study activities. STUDY ACTIVITIES: - An online enrollment survey - An in-person enrollment visit - Weekly online surveys for 20 weeks - Weekly COVID-19 tests for 20 weeks - Additional online surveys if you have COVID-19 symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19. - Additional COVID-19 tests if you have COVID-19 symptoms or tested positive. - Online survey questions in the middle and at the end of the study
The BIRD biobank aims at collecting clinical and biological data from patients suffering from a chronic respiratory disease. The lung cancer subpopulation will be divided into two cohorts to identify biomarkers of cancer. One cohort will include patients with supra-centimetric lung nodule(s) whether surveillance, bronchoscopic or radio-guided biopsy or surgery is indicated, patients suspected of lung cancers requiring diagnostic and/or therapeutic bronchial endoscopy and patients with a known early stage lung cancer (early-stage cohort). The second cohort will include known advanced stage lung cancers (III-IV).
This study aims to build up a clinico-biological bank of samples from patients suspected of or suffering from allergic diseases (including asthma) or mast cell diseases in order to support future research in the field of allergic diseases. The biobank will help to identify new prognostic, diagnostic and/or predictive biomarkers.
Use of caffeine citrate in late-preterm infants with respiratory distress is questionable. Oliphant and colleagues found in a recently published study that caffeine therapy use in late-preterm infants at a loading dose of 20 and 40 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day reduces the incidence of intermittent hypoxia events by 61 and 67% respectively. The investigators hypothesized that caffeine will improve respiratory drive, prevent apnea, shorten the hospital stay and improve arousal state in late preterm infants. The investigators aim to study the effect of caffeine citrate on late preterm babies as regard duration of respiratory support, duration of hospital stay, respiratory morbidity, incidence and frequency of apnea.
The aim of the study In this study, pranayama yoga practices are the sub-dimensions of respiratory parameters, symptom and disease affection level, psychosocial adjustment and psychosocial adjustment in individuals with COPD. It was planned in a randomized controlled manner to examine the effects of healthcare compliance, professional environment, family environment, sexual relations, extended family relationships, social environment and psychological pressure. Pranayama yoga practices are aimed to reduce the frequency of symptoms and the level of disease exposure in individuals with COPD. Pranayama yoga practices are aimed to increase psychosocial adjustment in individuals with COPD. Pranayama yoga practices aim to increase compliance with health care, occupational, social and family environment, sexual and extended family relationships, and psychological pressure, which are the sub-dimensions of psychosocial adjustment in individuals with COPD. It is observed that all the yoga practices performed have improved the pulmonary functions of individuals with COPD, decrease the severity of symptoms, relieve inflammation, and increase muscle strength and physical performance. It was concluded that because of yoga increases awareness in patients, patients significantly reduce their level of depression and anxiety and adapt to social life. Yoga improves patients' quality of life by alleviating symptoms and increasing self-awareness. pranayama yoga practices are safe, home-applied, effective, cost-effective, complementary to drug therapy and can be performed during pulmonary rehabilitation for individuals with COPD (1-2) . The results of this study are important in guiding caregivers and healthcare professionals during the holistic care of COPD individuals and in pulmonary rehabilitation.
The Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a family of genetic metabolic disorders, caused by specific enzyme deficiencies which result in accumulation of partially degraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within various tissues. As GAGs are common in the body a number of different organ systems can be affected. Involvement of the upper and lower respiratory tract in MPS Type II results in significant airway compromise, with progressive airway obstruction being responsible for a significant proportion of the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Hearing loss is a universal finding in MPS, with a third of patients suffering with severe profound hearing loss. There is an unmet need for strong clinical evidence to guide treatment of head, neck and respiratory disease in MPS disorders. A Core Outcome Set (COS) describes the minimum outcome data that should be measured in a clinical study for a particular condition. The lack of an agreed COS for MPS II in general, and specifically head, neck and respiratory disease, makes comparison between studies difficult. There is also a lack of information detailing patient and parent perspectives on the MPS disorders. The ideal COS for head, neck and respiratory disease associated with MPS II would combine both patient/parent and clinician opinion and could be used in the design of all subsequent clinical studies. Following literature review the investigators have created a list of outcomes previously reported for qualitative and quantitative studies investigating head, neck and respiratory disease in MPS II. For the proposed research the investigators will seek opinions of patients, parents, clinicians and scientists to rate these outcomes via the Delphi method. Outcomes scored highest by patients, parents, clinicians and scientists will form a COS for head, neck and respiratory disease in MPS II. The development of a COS can help limit variability outcomes in studies investigating different interventions in MPS II.
A major obstacle in precision medicine is the unavailability of biomarkers that are easy to access, non-invasive, measurable with high-performance techniques, fast, easy to use, reproducible, inexpensive and easily deployable on a large scale. The analysis of exhaled air (volatolomics) is an "omics" approach devoted to the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) eliminated by the pulmonary route with real-time detection, at the patient's bedside. The reference technology for the analysis of VOCs is mass spectrometry (MS). Several types of mass spectrometers can be used, and, in the absence of a consensual and standardized method, have practical methods for carrying out different analyzes which also lead to the generation of specific signals whose nature, complexity and exhaustiveness of information generated are heterogeneous. The clinical studies carried out to date use one of the analytical techniques available, without the choice necessarily being guided by objective factors. The objective of this study is to fill this gap and compare the information obtained by three mass spectrometry techniques available to our team (proton transfer reaction - mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), Soft Ionization by Chemical Reaction in Transfer (SICRIT) , two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS)) for volatolome analysis. The comparative analysis of the different signals will make it possible to determine the interests and limits of each technique and thus to direct preferentially towards one, the other, or combinations of them for the realization of future clinical studies. One of the main challenges also consists in establishing the concordance of the signals generated by the different technological approaches, some employing prior chromatographic separation, others not, and some employing soft ionization methods while those of others are on the contrary hard. Thus, the availability of datasets obtained on the same population with these complementary approaches will allow significant progress for the identification of the COVs of interest in clinical studies, beyond the simple comparison of the analytical performances of the different methods.
Aims of the study: 1. To deliver a scalable wellbeing programme to the local population of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, focusing on movement. 2. To describe the natural history of long-term conditions using digital data from a smartwatch. 3. To identify digital information that is routinely collected by a smart watch that can be used to predict outcomes in patients with long term conditions. 4. To identify factors that determine whether participants engage with and improve in a movement programme. Adult patients who are registered to the Imperial NHS Care Information Exchange (CIE), an NHS patient-facing electronic health record, are eligible to participate in the study. Participants will receive a smart watch for self-monitoring of their movement and wellbeing and be asked to wear the device as much as possible. They will be asked to download a smartphone application called Connected Life, which displays movement and information on heart rate, breathing and oxygen levels to both the participant and the research team (digital data). Participants will receive secure login details for the Connected Life application from the research team, to ensure data privacy. The research team will look at participants' health records, and attempt to identify associations between the digital data and clinical information. This will allow the research team to identify digital data that predicts the onset and natural history of long term conditions, which may potentially allow for earlier diagnosis for future patients. The primary outcome of the study is the identification of trends in movement based on step-count data recorded by the smartwatch.