View clinical trials related to Respiratory Diseases.
Filter by:To investigate the efficacy and safety of using the novel Tyto device for remote physical examination by co-investigators as compared to a standard medical physical examination by physicians.
Exercise testing has become clinically important in the management and ongoing evaluation of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) with higher rates of exercise tolerance and participation previously linked to lower mortality risk (1). Lower exercise capacity generally correlates with more severe lung disease (2,3) and landmark studies suggest that low exercise capacity as measured by peak oxygen capacity (VO2peak) and rate of decline in lung function (FEV1) are strong predictors of mortality (1,4). However not all studies have found pulmonary function tests (PFTs) to be reliable predictors of maximal exercise capacity (5), especially in relatively well preserved lung function (6,7). The wide distribution in physical capacity between fit individuals and end stage disease adds to complexity of assessment. Independent factors of age, genetics, habitual exercise, nutritional status and musculoskeletal conditions are all known to influence physical capacity in patients with CF (8,9). Maximal exercise testing places additional stress on cardiovascular, respiratory and peripheral systems providing more information around multiple influences on disease progression including degree of limitation in these major systems (10,11) and is useful for assessment of exercise desaturation, more common (but not always present) in advanced lung disease (5,12). With prediction of exercise performance and functional capacity from PFTs unreliable and the understanding that health status correlates better with exercise tolerance there has been an increase in maximal exercise testing for patient management (13). Many international centers now regard exercise testing as highly important with many assessing maximal exercise capacity annually to monitor disease progression, identify physical status and drive changes in medical, physiotherapy or nutritional management (14,15). The main vision is to develop a standardized incremental step test protocol suitable for adults with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), all ages, levels of fitness and disease state that is in line with current exercise testing recommendations (15). To develop a more useful field test to assess exercise tolerance and a more "user friendly" test than the currently available laboratory exercise test to allow for early detection of decline in physical function in the day-to-day clinical setting. To date no studies have been published in adults with CF where an incremental exercise step test has been investigated to assess exercise tolerance or determine maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max).
The environmental pollutants and endogenous reactive oxygen metabolites from inflammatory cells exert substantial pathological effects on the lung cells [1]. Oxidative stress (OS) is a major factor that plays a significant role in lung cancer (LC) [2], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [3] and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) [4, 5]. The current evidence suggests that OS takes part in the mechanisms involved in initiation, promotion and progression of respiratory diseases. The major exposures that cause OS can be summarized as smoking, and ambient air pollution that contains particulate matter smaller than aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm [6-8]. Epidemiological and clinical studies showed that the overall outcome of pulmonary OS is increased mortality due to increased incidence of respiratory diseases [9].
Using an adult lung bench model of non invasive ventilation, the aim of the study is to compare an experimental system of breath-synchronized vibrating mesh nebulizer to a conventional vibrating mesh nebulizer during non invasive ventilation in terms of inhaled and lost doses.
Several studies show an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Besides risk factors such as smoking, both are associated with physical inactivity, advanced age and systemic inflammation The use of coronary computed tomography (CCT) with multiple detectors is a diagnostic method for coronary disease, describing the anatomy and severity of arterial obstruction. One way of estimating the cardiovascular risk is coronary calcium score (CCS). Due to the association between COPD and CAD, it is likely that many patients with IHD diagnosed by CT have reduced lung function. The aim of this observational study is to establish the correlation between the CCS and lung function. It will also correlate the presence of irreversible airway obstruction with significant coronary lesions. Patients over 40 years referred to CCT who agree to participate in the study will perform a spirometry with bronchodilator and collect a blood sample to measure serum markers of inflammation and cardiovascular risk (glycemia, lipid profile, C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-Alpha) and fibrinogen). The data will be compared in the general population and in subgroups: smokers, former smokers and nonsmokers. One year after the CCT patients will be contacted by the investigators and accessed for emergency room visits, hospital admissions and fatal or nonfatal coronary or respiratory events. The investigators hypothesis is that reduced lung function is independently associated with elevated CCS and is, also a risk factor for increased hospital admission and coronary events. The concomitant assessment of lung function and CCS can contribute knowledge about the epidemiological association between pulmonary disease and CAD. This can also add to evidence for the use of spirometry as a marker of cardiovascular risk.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of AZD5069 in patients with bronchiectasis.
1. Aim: The aim of the clinical trial is to study the accuracy of the TensorTip device compared with registered (FDA-approved) invasive and non-invasive devices. 2. Hypothesis: Human physiological biomarkers may be measured from the color distribution of the internal or external (skin) tissue. The technology of the TensorTip finger-mounted device is based on the color distribution of the peripheral blood tissue, which enables the measurement of certain biomarkers and vital signs under consideration.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of a device reproducing patients' respiratory characteristics to select in-VITRO the most appropriate ventilator for a given pathology.
Consultations with patients by hospital consultants are organised today in a manner which is barely dissimilar from that offered 30 or 40 years ago. Whilst some attempts to improve this process, such as Choose and Book, shorter waiting times and patients' receiving a copy of the correspondence sent to their general practitioner (GP) have improved the situation, there has been little radical change and little thought given to the patient experience. The investigators wish to investigate whether patients' experience of attending respiratory outpatient clinics can be improved by a pre-clinic telephone call with a specialist thereby reducing the number of attendances at the hospital for appointments and investigations and improving overall patient satisfaction.
The purpose of this research study is to collect cells and liquid from the air passages of healthy adults, both smokers and non-smokers. These samples will be used for test-tube studies to explore mechanisms of diseases of the respiratory tract, and to compare the samples between people who smoke cigarettes and people who don't. Obtaining these samples requires an invasive procedure called "bronchoscopy".