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Filter by:Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used in abdominal imaging for a variety of indications. Contrast media (CM) is used to enhance vascular structures and organ parenchyma. Attenuation of the liver makes it possible to recognize hypo- and hypervascular lesions, which are often invisible on unenhanced CT images. Lesions can only be detected in case they are large enough and the contrast with the background is high enough. Heiken et al. showed already in 1995 that a difference in Hounsfield Units (HU) of at least 50 HU is needed to be able to recognize liver lesions [1]. On the other hand, patients should not receive more CM than necessarily, because of possible underlying physiological effects [2-4]. Although there has been some controversy about this recently, there is no need to give patients more CM than needed, because of increased costs, no quality improvement and their might still be a relationship with contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) [5]. Recent publications suggested individualization of injection protocols that can be based on either total body weight (TBW) or lean body weight (LBW) [6-9]. In the investigators department an injection protocol based on TBW is currently used. Besides the CM injection parameters, scanner parameters are of influence on the attenuation as well. Because of recent technical developments it became possible to reach a good image quality (IQ) at lower tube voltages [10]. When the x-ray output comes closer to the 33 keV k-edge of Iodine, attenuation increases. In short, decreasing the tube voltage increases the attenuation of iodine. Scanning at a lower tube voltage therefore gives rise to even lower CM volumes. Lastly, it would be revolutionary to accomplish a liver enhancement that is homogenous, sufficient for lesion detection and comparable between patients and in the same patients, regardless of weight and scanner settings used.
The noncontrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) is an emerging diagnostical tool in patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As shown in previous studies and pointed out by the Fleischner society, an additional scan in expiration reflects the pathophysiology of this complex disease better and extends the clinical information of the CT. Nevertheless, this scan is leading to an increase in radiation dose. But currently it is unclear if this increased radiation dose is proportional to the additional clinical value when compared to inspiration-only protocols. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the organ specific radiation doses of a combined inspiration-expiration CT on a 3rd generation dual-source scanner with noncontrast-enhanced chest CTs of two clinical routine scanners. Therefore, the radiation doses of nearly 2000 chest CTs have been evaluated.
The ENSURE study will comprise two phases. Phase 1: European multicenter survey of surveillance protocols after esophageal cancer surgery ENSURE questionnaire will be circulated to representatives from participating European countries. Phase 2: European multicenter retrospective observational study of the impact of postoperative surveillance protocols on oncologic outcome and HR-QL Phase 2 will constitute a retrospective observational study of patients undergoing treatment with curative intent for esophageal cancer at participating Centers from June 2009 to June 2015.
Radiation dose to interventional cardiologists performing transradial percutaneous coronary procedures is higher compared to those performing transfemoral exams. The radiation dose seems particularly high at pelvic level. We prepared an home-made protective extension of the leaded curtain under table that should reduce the operator exposure during interventional coronary procedures. The aim of the study is to evaluate the procedural efficacy of the protective extension on the operator radiation dose at pelvic level
CAROLE seeks to evaluate the relationship between chest Radiation Therapy and coronary artery disease. The purpose of CAROLE is to check the heart health of women who received breast cancer treatments in the past and protect them from future heart disease.
The purpose of this study and demonstrate the reliability of EOS imaging system in the measurement of internal diameters of obstetrical pelvis versus "Goldstandard current "that is the pelviscanner.
Smoking is the greatest risk factor for upper aerodigestive cancers (thoracic or head and neck) and negatively impacts survival and other outcomes, but many patients have difficulty quitting after their diagnosis. Smoking cessation interventions for cancer patients thus far have had limited success. This is a pilot randomized controlled trial designed to determine if a new comprehensive, evidence-based smoking cessation intervention can improve quit rates for cancer patients who smoke.