18F-DCFBC PET/CT in Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title: A Pilot Study of 18F-DCFBC PET/CT in Prostate Cancer

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

Background:

• Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American men. A chemical called a radiotracer helps doctors get images of this type of cancer. Researchers want to test a radiotracer called N-[N-[(S)-1,3-dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-4-(18)F-fluorobenzyl-L-cysteine ((18)F-DCFBC) (18F-DCFBC).

Objective:

• To see if the radiotracer 18F-DCFBC can identify sites of prostate cancer in the body.

Eligibility:

• Men ages 18 and over with prostate cancer. The cancer must be newly diagnosed, have relapsed, or has spread outside the prostate.

Design:

• Participants will be screened with physical exam and medical history. They will give a blood sample.

• Participants will be divided into three groups.

Group 1: people with cancer only in the prostate scheduled for surgical prostate removal or biopsy at National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Group 2: people who had their prostate removed or had radiation therapy and now have a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) without other signs of disease.

Group 3: people whose cancer has spread to other areas of the body.

• Participants will have 18F-DCFBC injected into a vein then imaged in a positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) camera. During the scans, they will lie on their back on the scanner table.

• Group 1 will have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. A tube will be placed in the rectum. Coils may be wrapped around the outside of the pelvis. Participants will have a contrast agent injected through an intravenous line.

• Group 3 will have another PET/CT scan with a different radiotracer, 18F NaF, within 21 days of the 18F-DCFBC scan to look for prostate cancer in the bone.

• Group 3 will repeat the two PET/CT scans 4-6 months after the initial scans.

• A few days after each scan, participants will be contacted for follow-up.

Clinical Trial Description

Background

• Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American men.

• Current methods of imaging advanced prostate cancer (computed tomography ((CT) and bone scan) are non specific and new, more specific molecular imaging probes are sought.

• Many prostate cancers express the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) a transmembrane protein with N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzymatic activity. PSMA is also expressed in angiogenesis but otherwise has limited expression in normal tissue.

• N-[N-[(S)-1,3-dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-4-(18)F-fluorobenzyl-L-cysteine ((18)F-DCFBC) (18F-DCFBC) is a radiolabeled positron emission tomography (PET) agent which binds with high affinity to PSMA and through whole-body non-invasive functional imaging, may provide new information on the expression of PSMA.

Primary Objective

• To assess the ability of 18F-DCFBC to differentiate between tumorous and nontumorous tissues in localized, recurrent (based on rising prostatic-specific antigen ((PSA) post treatment) and metastatic prostate cancer

Eligibility

• Subject is greater than or equal to 18 years old

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0-2 with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and fits criteria for one of the following:

• ARM 1

-- Patients with known localized prostate cancer with a soft tissue lesion at least 6mm or greater.

---A multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (standard of care at the National Institutes of Health ((NIH) Clinical Center) must be performed within 4 months of18F-DCFBC injection with findings suggestive for prostate cancer and confirmed with histopathology.

• ARM 2

• Patients with biochemical prostate cancer relapse after definitive treatment

• For patients status post radiation therapy for prostate cancer, a PSA increase from post radiation therapy nadir

• OR

• For patients status post prostatectomy, any PSA >/=0.2 ng/ml

• Nonspecific or no evidence for disease on standard imaging modality

• ARM 3

• Patients with identifiable metastatic disease on a conventional imaging modality. If only soft tissue metastasis, one lesion must measure 6mm or greater. Patients must have confirmation of prostate cancer prior to 18F-DCFBC imaging.

Design

This is a single site 3-arm study enrolling a total of 110 evaluable patients: Arm 1 will include 12 patients with presumed localized prostate cancer scheduled to undergo prostatectomy or biopsy within 4 months of enrollment; Arm 2 will include 78 patients with biochemical recurrence without evidence of metastasis on conventional imaging; and Arm 3 will include 20 patients with known metastatic disease who may or may not be on or/scheduled to begin therapeutic intervention. Patients with presumed localized disease will undergo a standard of care, clinical multiparametric endorectal coil MRI in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Molecular Imaging Clinic within 4 months of screening. Patients in Arm 3 will undergo 2 imaging sessions: baseline and 4-6 month follow-up. Clinical records (including PSA) and treatment (if any) that occurred in the imaging interval must be available. All patients in Arm 3 will also undergo Na18F PET/CT for evaluation of bone metastases as part of this protocol. In order to allow for a small number of nonevaluable patients, the accrual ceiling will be set at 125. ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Prostate Cancer
• Prostatic Neoplasms

• NCT number: NCT02190279
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Early Phase 1
• Start date: July 12, 2014
• Completion date: January 11, 2018