View clinical trials related to Problem Behavior.
Filter by:Nightmares are repeated extremely dysphoric and well-remembered dreams, which typically occur during REM sleep in the second half of sleep, may awaken the dreamer, and upon awakening, individuals quickly become oriented and conscious of their surroundings. Nightmares are very common in psychiatric populations. In psychiatric populations, nightmares can occur as a freestanding disorder, persist in patients after undergoing treatment for a psychiatric disorder, and function as a risk and exacerbating factor regarding psychiatric symptoms. Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) is a cognitive-behavioral-oriented treatment for nightmares and asks patients to identify an especially distressing nightmare and then works together with the patient on changing the nightmare to a more positive theme, story line, or ending. The new contents are then rehearsed using imagery techniques. IRT is often recommended by guidelines. However, IRT has not been investigated in a randomized controlled trial in the population of psychiatric inpatients. In this study, sixty inpatients with nightmares will be recruited from the inpatient units of the Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK). Participants will be randomly assigned to an Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) group or a Treatment As Usual (TAU) control group. Questionnaires and dream diaries will measure changes in nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, nightmare effects, nightmare content, overall sleep quality, dream experiences and believes, symptom severity of primary psychiatric diagnoses, and psychotherapy motivation and hopefulness one week and two weeks after one IRT or TAU session. The TAU group will receive a session in which potential problems with the dream diary will be discussed. Patients in the IRT group will be instructed to use imagery exercises with the new dream narrative for 10 to 15 minutes a day for the duration of the study period.
Many psychiatric patients are not sufficiently improved by current interventions. Functional magnetic imaging brain imaging (fMRI) has proven to be a promising method for predicting treatment outcomes in psychiatric treatment. Individuals moment-to-moment variability have not yet been evaluated as a predictor of treatment of three common forms of mental illness: depression, insomnia and health anxiety. The goal is to investigate whether objective measurements of brain function contribute to a better prediction of a patient's success in treatment than experiences and self-reports, e.g., treatment credibility and patients expectations about the treatment. The prediction model will be tested on internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) for depression, insomnia and social anxiety. Patients in each diagnostic group are asked for participation before treatment. The total number of participants in this study will amount to 225 participants. The goal is that 35% consists of healthy controls and that the remaining part is equally distributed between the three diagnostic patient groups. Being able to better predict how well a psychiatric treatment will work for an individual has great value from both an economic and a treatment perspective. The findings from this study may contribute to increased knowledge about neurobiological complications in mental illness. In the longer term, it can lead to improved routines and help in clinical decision-making when patients should be recommended treatment.
The research question is: Can the research recommend better ways for social care and health services to work work together to help adoptive and foster families? Can a therapy called DDP improve the mental health of 5-12 year old fostered or adopted children? Is DDP worth the commitment families need to give to it - and the extra cost to the services that deliver it? More than half of adopted or fostered children in the UK have mental health problems including ADHD (i.e. hyperactivity, impulsive behaviour and poor concentration), antisocial behaviour and problems with relationships. Abused and neglected children are more likely than others to have problems in school, become homeless, get involved in crime and even die young (e.g. from suicide), yet there are no fully tested treatments for such complex mental health problems. This is a huge problem because early treatment could greatly improve children's life chances - and reduce strain on health and social care budgets. There is a Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy (DDP) a parent-child therapy that takes around 20 sessions and focusses on "Playfulness, Acceptance, Curiosity and Empathy". There is not yet available really good evidence for or against it: many UK therapists like DDP, but it is a big commitment for families: once a week for about six months children will need time off school, the parents will need time off work - and this can be hard to explain to school friends, colleagues and bosses. Research team doesn't just need to know if DDP improves children's mental health - they also need to know if the commitment needed is worth it for families and whether the costs to services outweigh the benefits. In PHASE 1 the research team will find out whether DDP can work smoothly in the three different settings where it is usually delivered: the NHS, Social Care and Private Practice. Many abused children need other medical and psychiatric support so, the research will assess whether children can get any additional assessments or referrals they may need . In PHASE 2, the research team plans to find out if it is practically possible to run a high quality trial of DDP. This phase will involve 60 families to find out if they are happy to take part (whether offered DDP or usual services). If all goes to plan, these 60 families will contribute to the final results, along with the 180 families involved in the next PHASE 3 when the research team will test whether DDP is better than usual services and, if it is, whether the improvements in child mental health outweigh the costs. What impact will the research have? This study will make recommendations about how services should work together to help abused and neglected children and their families. If the researcher team finds that DDP is worth the time and money, it could improve the mental health of abused and neglected children across the world.
This study aims to reduce racial disparities in child mental health care by examining the impact of a child behavioral health navigator (cbhNs) intervention in which cbhNs (n=15) will be trained to deliver an evidence-based family engagement, psychoeducation and support intervention to 390 early adolescent youth (10 to 14 years) and their families of African descent living in geographically defined St. Louis north city and county neighborhoods.
Stress is a complex natural phenomenon, frequently related to a physiological response, including heart rate, heart rate variability, respiratory rate, skin conductance and temperature. The subjective experience varies greatly; broadly, it may be conceived as a freeze, flight, fight, fright or faint response. Many studies have demonstrated the negative influence of psychological stress on health and well-being. Through the digital phenotyping of physiological and psychological stress reactions, in a controlled laboratory setting (Trier Social Stress Test- TSST) and real-life situations, in a population of healthy participants and patients with a major psychiatric disorder, we expect to find reliable and valid digital biomarkers. The results of this study will, therefore, not only contribute to a better understanding of stress and stress response but also have the potential to improve diagnostic and treatment approaches.
The goal of the study is to providing parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and disruptive behaviors essential skills to manage their children's behaviors using an evidence based parent training protocol. Beyond the feasibility of delivering an evidence based intervention in groups and with community partners, primary and secondary outcomes in both the children and the parents who participated in the study are assessed during and after the intervention process
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), is a neuromodulatory technique, that is safe, well-tolerated, easy to administer and fairly inexpensive. Results from tDCS trials involving participants with several neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and substance use disorder are encouraging. The clinical effects of tDCS are broad; the underlying condition, the areas stimulated together with the type and duration of stimulation are important factors. In patients with neuropsychiatric conditions, a reduction of symptoms, an enhancement of neurocognitive functions together with an overall improvement in functionality and wellbeing have been consistently reported. These effects emerge during the stimulation period, in the weeks after stimulation, the effects seem to peak and consolidate further. tDCS appears to enhance the effects of other interventions as well; however, to date, there have been no studies into the effects of using tDCS as an add-on intervention to psychotherapy on symptoms and wellbeing
The study is designed to test the hypothesis that long term memory created by preoperative video information can reduce the incidence of post operative behavioral changes.
This topic puts forward a hypothesis: genetic and environmental factors such as major depressive disorder during pregnancy, nutritional status of vitamin A, D, E, and folic acid, intestinal microecology, and bisphenol A exposure, may affect the cognitive development level of the offspring through the genetic correlation with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental delay/intellectual disability, and major depressive disorder, allelic heterogeneity and pleiotropy of ITIH3 mediated by SNP and CACNB2, neurotransmitters like dopamine, and metabolic pathways, thereby increasing the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental delay/intellectual disability prevalence on offspring. This topic planning from allelic heterogeneity and pleiotropy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder mediated by SNP, neurotransmitters like dopamine, and metabolic pathways, explores deeply the influences on children's development level and the risk of common neurological disorder caused by genetic and environmental factors during pregnancy, looking for reasonable prevention, early diagnosis of biomarkers and therapeutic targets, in order to provide data support for further improvement and revision of national mother and infant healthcare policy .
This study aims to establish the feasibility and acceptability of a project designed to investigate the impact of electronic cigarette use on combustible cigarette smoking and smoking-related factors among smokers with psychiatric disorders, a high-risk population, who are not yet ready to quit smoking. All participants will be instructed to switch completely from combustible cigarettes to e-cigarettes for the next 8 weeks. They will be assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.