View clinical trials related to Polymorphism, Genetic.
Filter by:Nausea and vomiting affects 25-30% of individuals in the post-operative period and can reach more than 70-80% in high-risk patients. inherited factors may play a significant role in individual susceptibility and clinical research on hereditary factors involved in the pathogenesis of Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and chemotherapy nausea and vomiting (CINV) is relatively new. The aim of this study is to investigate whether inter-individual differences related to PONV are associated with genetic factors. 300 patients will be evaluated in postoperative oncological surgeries. The peripheral leukocyte DNA will be extracted by the Salting Out Procedure method and processed to genotyping for 48 SNPs from 15 candidate genes by real-time PCR by the Taqman method. The possible associations with demographic data and factors related to surgery will be analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Background: - Differences in peoples genes can make them respond to drugs in different ways. Methadone and buprenorphine are two drugs used to treat drug addiction. A study showed that African Americans with a certain genetic marker did better using one kind of drug treatment over the other. Researchers want to see if they can repeat these findings. They also want to study other things that affect how well people do in treatment. Objective: - To see if certain genetic markers and other facts about a person s life can predict how well they do in treatment for addiction to opioids and cocaine. Eligibility: - African American adults age 18 and over. They must be former or current participants in an Archway Treatment Clinic study. They must have been on a stable dose of either study drug for at least 12 weeks. They also must have given urine samples regularly for at least 10 weeks. Design: - Participants will come to the clinic for 1 visit lasting about 2 hours. - Participants will give 1 teaspoon of blood for genetic testing. They will be asked if their sample can be used in future studies. - If researchers cannot get enough blood, they will do a cheek swab. This will collect skin cells for genetic testing. - Participants will fill out 3 questionnaires. - Results of genetic testing and answers to questionnaires will be kept private.
It is known that with increasing age sexual desire is declining in women. Decreasing levels of androgens are believed to have an influence, but cannot explain the loss of libido completely. A possible explanation might be that the effect of the androgen is depending on the functionality of the androgen receptor. It is known that this functionality is genetically determined by the polymorphism of the androgen receptor gene. In the gene there is a varying number of CAG-repeats: the longer the CAG-Repeat, the lower the functionality of the androgen receptor, the lower the effect of the androgens. In this pilot study, the investigators would like to invite 45 healthy heterosexual middle-aged women to the University Hospital of Bern, where they answer questionnaires about their sexual function and where they give a blood sample to assess the testosterone serum levels and the genetically determined androgen receptor subtype. The investigators believe that lower androgen levels and/or longer CAG-repeats in the androgen receptor gene are related to lower libido scores in healthy middle-aged women.
Background: - Previous research has shown that dopamine, a brain chemical, is involved in decision making. Different genes influence how much dopamine people have in their brains and how that affects their behavior. Researchers will study if genes associated with dopamine affect decision making and impulsiveness. All participants will take tests; some will have brain images taken. Researchers will study the test responses and images; they will look for how differences in these genes affect different types of decision making. Objectives: - To see if genes involved in a brain chemical, dopamine, are related to impulsiveness on behavioral tests. Eligibility: - Healthy adults ages 18 to 55. Design: - Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. - All participants in this study will have at least 1 outpatient visit to the NIH Clinical Center. Each visit will last 2 4 hours. At the first visit: - A blood sample will be taken only from participants that have not been previously enrolled in 95-M-0150 - Participants will be given tests of their memory, attention, concentration, and thinking. - Some participants will have a second visit. It will be scheduled as soon as possible after the first. At the second visit: - Participants will have an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). They will have to lie in a scanner for up to 2 hours. The MRI uses magnets, radio waves, and computers to produce detailed pictures of the brain. - Participants will repeat the tests from the first visit. Some will be done during the MRI.
Background: - Small differences in genes may alter responses to drugs. One gene that has different forms is the mu opioid receptor gene. People with one form of this gene are more sensitive to alcohol. People with a different form are sometimes more sensitive to pain. Morphine and other prescription pain pills produce pain relief by acting at the mu opioid receptor. Researchers want to see the effect of morphine on brain reward and subjective effects. Morphine is a strong but short-acting pain medication that is sometimes used for anesthesia during surgery. Objectives: - To compare the effect of morphine on brain measures of dopamine release using imaging. Eligibility: - Individuals between 21 and 55 years of age who have previously taken pain pills prescribed to treat pain from a medical or dental procedure. Design: - This study has a screening phase and a study phase. The screening phase involves one or two visits of 5 to 6 hours. The study phase consists of 4 study visits. Each study visit will take about 8 hours. - Participants will be screened with a medical and psychiatric history and physical exam. They will be asked about drinking and drug-taking history, and any family history of alcoholism or drug abuse. Blood, urine, and breath samples will be collected. - During the first study visit, an MRI scan may be performed, questionnaires completed, and a blood sample collected for genetic testing. - During study visit 2, participants will test their pain sensitivity by placing one hand in cold water. Pupil diameter will be measured after the sensitivity test. After a blood sample is taken, participants will receive the morphine or a salt solution. The sensitivity test and pupil diameter test will be repeated. Final blood samples will be collected. A brief physical exam will also be performed. - During study visits 3 and 4, participants will receive morphine or a salt solution during a PET scan. Questionnaires to assess subjective effects will be administered. Final blood samples will be collected. A brief physical exam will also be performed. - Participants will stay in the clinic until the effects of the drug have worn off after study visits 2, 3, and 4. - About 1 week after the study session, participants will have a follow-up phone call.
Goal: The primary goal of this study is to longitudinally investigate, in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, the potential fibrosis-lymphedema continuum. Specifically, we will examine the development, patterns, progression, and prevalence of late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema, explore potential biological correlatives including pro-inflammatory cytokines and genetic polymorphisms, and evaluate the relationship among late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema and select psychosocial stressors that potentially interact with cytokine pathways. H: A minimum of 20 percent of HNC patients will experience late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema. H: We will be able to differentiate characteristics patterns of the development of late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema. H: We will be able to differentiate patterns of symptoms associated with late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema. H: We will be able to differentiate patterns of inflammatory response and the development of late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema. H: Select polymorphisms will increase the likelihood of development of late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema. H: Incidence and severity of late-effect fibrosis and/or lymphedema will correlate with total dose of radiation to involved anatomical site. H: HNC patients with fibrosis and/or lymphedema experience greater levels of depression and social withdrawal than those without these conditions.