View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:In a recent experimental study, the investigators showed that the growth factor Activin A is expressed in the lungs of rats with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at levels that are comparable with those determined in the bronchoalveolar (BAL) lavage fluid from patients with ARDS. In the same study, the administration of the Activin A inhibitor Folistatin resulted in attenuation of the histological damage of the ARDS-afflicted rat lung. The precise role of Activin A/Folistatin in acute respiratory failure associated with acute lung inflammatory pathology has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, the purpose of the present, observational study is to investigate the role of Activin A/Folistatin in respiratory failure due to ARDS and/or ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), also in relation with other biochemical markers, such as cytokines and surfactant-related proteins.
The aim of this study is 1. to describe levofloxacin pharmacokinetics in ICU patients suffering from pneumonia with taking into account physio-pathological parameters. 2. to verify clinical and bacteriological efficiency and to know if the peak/Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ratio > 5 and Area Under Curve (AUC) /Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC) ratio > 125. No therapeutic drug monitoring will be performed in this study.
Pneumonia is the commonest cause of death in children worldwide, killing 1.5 million children under the age of 5 years, every year. This is more than the number of children dying from AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined. The current diagnostic and management protocols for managing serious respiratory diseases in children are 30 years old and are greatly in need of updating. The successful establishment of useful clinical management criteria for children with respiratory diseases will have benefits for children in low resource regions around the world. The goals of the study are: - To determine if children with respiratory distress can be reliably diagnosed under low-resource conditions. - To identify the clinical tests that best differentiate pneumonia from wheezy diseases. These will be used to establish updated diagnostic criteria for common pediatric lung diseases that broaden the current pneumonia algorithm by adding another for wheezy illnesses. - The ultimate objective is to improve the management and outcome of acute respiratory conditions in children. - Investigators also wish to test the efficacy of a locally developed cell phone oximeter probe in a low resource setting.
Pneumococcus is a bacteria that causes disease of the respiratory tract (pneumonia and middle ear infections), blood poisoning, and meningitis. It is frequently carried by people in back of the throat without symptoms. Pneumococcal carriage in the Thames Valley region has been studied over the last 12 years with carriage rates having been shown to be reflective of disease potential and hence vaccine effect. During this time pneumococcal vaccines have been introduced into the routine immunisation schedules of this community. The PCV7 (A vaccine against 7 types of pneumococcus) vaccine has subsequently been noted to have had a significant impact in reducing vaccine serotype carriage and disease. Herd protection (indirect protection of unvaccinated individuals) has also been implicated with vaccine serotypes not being carried in parents of vaccinated children. The most common serotype carried since the introduction of PCV7 is 19A, which is included in the PCV13 vaccine (A vaccine against 13 types of pneumococcus). PCV13 has superseded PCV7 in the routine immunisation schedule, however its impact on carriage and disease in this community is yet to be evaluated.
GEN-004 is a combination of 3 conserved proteins from Streptococcus pneumoniae. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose escalation study. Eligible subjects (male and non-pregnant female) will be assigned sequentially to 1 of 3 dose cohorts and randomized in a 3:1:1 ratio to receive GEN-004 with adjuvant, GEN-004 without adjuvant, or placebo, respectively. Each subject will receive up to 3 doses at 4 week intervals. Subjects will be followed for safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity for 12 months after their last dose.
Hypothesis: 4 days of antibiotic therapy, as compared to 8 days, is equally effective and results in decreased antibiotic exposure among surgical ICU patients with early VAP.
At the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus Denmark, moxifloxacin is used in the empirical treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin 400 mg/day to patients treated empirically for CAP. To accomplish this aim, we established a pharmacokinetic population model. This approach was adopted with the dual purpose of assessing the potential efficacy of the drug and performing Monte-Carlo simulations to characterize the maximal MICs for which recommended pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) targets are obtained for pathogens commonly known to cause CAP.
This study investigates relationship between community acquired pneumonia and oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients admitted to a department of respiratory medicine in Northern Denmark. The endpoints will be re-hospitalisation and mortality.
Critically ill patients whose lungs are supported by breathing machines (ventilators) commonly develop a new lung infection, called ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Because VAP is often fatal, antibiotics are administered whenever it is suspected. However VAP is hard to distinguish from several non-infective lung conditions and most patients with suspected VAP do not have pneumonia. Therefore many patients receive unnecessary antibiotics for several days, promoting emergence of 'superbugs'. Laboratory test results for diagnosing VAP typically only reach the doctors after 3 days. A simple test rapidly and confidently excluding VAP should improve patient care, reduce unnecessary antibiotics and decrease costs. We recently showed that low levels of specific proteins in fluid from the lungs of patients with suspected VAP effectively excluded VAP, using a test that may yield results within 6 hours. The test used is an extension of existing technology produced by our commercial partner Becton Dickinson (BD) Biosciences. Our previous findings were derived from a single hospital's intensive care unit. We have recently confirmed this finding across many intensive care units, which will help show that the test can be used in 'real life'. The aim of this study is to take the new test to the next step and determine whether it can improve the care of patients by reducing the amount of unnecessary antibiotics prescribed. This will be done using a 'randomised controlled trial', the best tool for scientifically testing a new diagnostic test. To do this we shall identify patients with suspected VAP, all of whom will have a lung sample - half of the patients will receive 'usual care' for suspected VAP, the other half will have the new test performed on their lung fluid. If the new test suggests no lung infection, the doctors will be asked to consider not giving antibiotics. We shall test how much antibiotic is given to each group.
The aim of the inSCALE project is to test the effect of innovative approaches to increase coverage of integrated community case management, which provides community based-care for diarrhoea, pneumonia and malaria, resulting in more children receiving timely and appropriate care for these three most common childhood illnesses