View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:This is an observational study in 750 individuals aged 14 years or older, diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) who meet all eligibility criteria in Coccidioides endemic regions. This study is designed to provide data on the prevalence of primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis among persons presenting with CAP in endemic regions. Among individuals diagnosed with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, we aim to describe the clinical course, predictors of the clinical course and compare the response to prescribed antifungal therapy versus no antifungal therapy. The hypothesis for patients with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis is that early treatment with antifungal therapy is effective in reducing the frequency, severity and associated adverse outcomes of infection with recently acquired coccidioidomycosis pneumonia. The study will be divided into Step 1 and Step 2. Step 1 will identify which subjects have primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis based on the case definition for the protocol and Step 2 will follow subjects who meet the case definition and will observe their clinical management and clinical outcomes. Subjects will enroll in Step 1 within 28 days of symptom onset. In Step 1, blood work for serologic determination of Coccidioides infection will be drawn at the time of enrollment (Day 1), and again 21 days later if a positive result is not reported at Day 1. Subjects with a diagnosis of primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis confirmed by positive serologic testing during Step 1 will enter Step 2 within 21 days of a positive test result; subjects with a negative serology at Day 1 and Day 22 will not be followed further. Subjects referred to the study after a diagnosis of primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis confirmed by positive serologic testing will also be allowed to enter Step 2 directly within 21 days of a positive test result and within 7 weeks of symptom onset, as long as they meet study enrollment criteria. The primary objective is to assess the prevalence of primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (PPC) in subjects with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in coccidioidomycosis endemic areas.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the intravenous (IV) or paravertebral (PV) lidocaine administration during the intraoperative period of lung resection surgery on the appearance of postoperative complications. We design a randomized, controlled and blinded study to be performed in 153 patients with 3 arms: 1) Lidocaine IV + PV saline 2) saline IV + PV lidocaine, 3) remifentanil IV + PV saline. Perioperative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage and serum. Follow-up of the postoperative course, especially the appearance of postoperative complications according to the revised Clavien-Dindo classification for thoracic surgery, as well as other relevant clinical results.
The leading cause of severe respiratory disease and death in young children is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). An estimated one-fifth of global childhood pneumococcal-related deaths occurred in India. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is a primary prevention tool against pneumococcal disease that is safe and effective and has been in use in many countries. In alignment with the Government of India's rollout of PCV sub-nationally in selected districts and states, this two-year observational study will use a non-interventional, observational prospective study design to evaluate the impact of PCV in 7 sites in India (5 hospitals and 2 community sites) by assessing clinical and serotype-specific outcomes that include hospitalized pneumonia and community pneumococcal carriage. A sub-study to assess the cost of illness of pneumonia will also be conducted. This study is anticipated to provide data to support sustainability of PCV expansion and disease surveillance in India.
This is a 2-part study, with Part A being the randomized, controlled portion of the study in patients with ABC hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP), ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP), or bacteremia. Part B is the single-group portion of the study and includes ABC infections that are resistant to or have failed colistin or polymyxin B treatment, as detailed in the inclusion criteria.
The correlation between improvement in oral health, reduction in oral bacterial concentration, and status of pneumonia hospitalization remains unclear. To determine the effects of professional oral care intervention on the index of oral health, salivary and sputum bacterial concentrations, and pneumonia hospitalization status of nursing home residents using a quasi-experimental study. Two nursing homes were on demand selected as the intervention and control groups; in the intervention group, weekly professional oral care was administered in addition to regular oral care by trained dental hygienists. Demographic data and oral health status were analyzed. Total salivary and sputum bacterial concentrations were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease that is caused by exposure of susceptible individuals to organic materials in the environment. It is also known by various names depending on the exposure and some of these names include farmer's lung, pigeon breeder's lung, hot tub lung to name a few. HP can cause lung scarring that impairs breathing and oxygenation. Early detection and avoidance of triggers can stop and reverse the disease but a significant number of patients continue to have active disease requiring treatment in spite of avoiding the trigger. The current choice of therapies is based on clinical experience and not on rigorous clinical trials. Not fully understanding the type of inflammation that is seen in HP and the cells involved in this inflammatory response limits health care providers' ability to choose drugs to study in HP that can stop the inflammation and limit scar formation. The goal of the investigators' study is to better understand the type of cells that are involved in the inflammatory response in the lungs of HP patients and what drives these cells to be active. By better understanding the type of cells and what drives them, health care providers can begin to choose and study drugs that can limit the inflammation and subsequent scarring. The investigators' will recruit HP patients and with their consent perform a scope of the lungs (bronchoscopy) with a limited lung wash to get the inflamed cells out of the lungs to further study them in the lab. The investigators' study will provide us with preliminary results to guide us in performing a more detailed study in the future to better understand the disease.
Principal Investigator: Mohammod Jobayer Chisti Research Protocol Title: Feasibility and Acceptability Followed by Effectiveness of Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (bCPAP) for Treatment of Children aged 1-59 months with Severe Pneumonia in Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Proposed start date: 1st July 2018, Estimated end date: 31st December 2022 Background: Feasibility and acceptability followed by effectiveness of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were not evaluated in childhood severe pneumonia in developing countries at a larger scale. Objectives: Stages I and II - To assess the feasibility and acceptability (not only by patients' care-givers but also by physicians and nurses) of bubble CPAP in treating childhood severe pneumonia in two tertiary hospitals in Stage I and in two district hospitals in Stage II - To record adverse events following use of bubble CPAP in these settings - To understand how much resource and time are needed to institutionalize and maintain bubble CPAP as a routine practice in the health system Stage III: - To determine therapeutic efficacy/effectiveness of bubble CPAP compared to WHO standard low flow oxygen in reducing treatment failure in children admitted to hospitals with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia - To determine therapeutic effectiveness of bubble CPAP compared to WHO standard low flow oxygen in reducing treatment failure & mortality in children aged 1-12 months admitted to hospitals with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia - To record adverse events (pneumothorax, abdominal distension, nasal trauma, aspiration pneumonia) encountered.
Pneumonia in Pakistan continues to be the leading killer of children under five. Although various national and provincial programs have tried to tackle this but they have not been able to achieve the desired outcomes. Additionally, there has been limited in depth evaluation of the practices of pneumonia management at various levels of the community. The investigators, therefore, aim to establish an understanding of pneumonia case management at three levels of healthcare - community, first level care facility and practitioner level. This will be conducted through observations of pneumonia case managements practices of healthcare providers at these three levels across the country by simulated patients. Observation checklists will be developed incorporating settings and behaviors. Observation sites will be randomly selected with 32 observations made in each province. The results of this study will yield the ground reality of pneumonia case management in Pakistan. Based on the results of this study, strategies can be devised to improve case management within the community with models of regular monitoring and supervision.
This research study is being done to determine the appropriate dose of steroids and the appropriate duration for steroid use to reduce inflammation in severe pneumonia needing a form of breathing support. This study seeks to compare usual care to a unique (individualized) dosing strategy. A marker of inflammation in the body will be measured in blood samples. This marker of inflammation is called C- reactive protein. The overall goal is to identify patients that will benefit most from steroid use and decrease use of steroids. The information collected from this study may provide information that may improve management of patients with severe pneumonia requiring a form of breathing support.
The goals of the study are to determine the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination rate in patients with diabetes before and after community pharmacist education and intervention. Assess barriers of receiving the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with diabetes after pharmacist education in a supermarket chain setting