Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Evaluation of the Strength of "Core" Muscles |
The strength of the trunk muscles was evaluated with 'sit-up' and modified 'push-up' tests. The number of times the subjects could perform each test for 30 seconds was recorded. Each measurement was made twice and the best measurement was used in statistical analysis. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of the Endurance of "Core" Muscles |
Static endurance of the "core" muscles was evaluated using the lateral bridge test defined by McGill, the trunk flexor endurance test and the "prone bridge" test. The time in which the subjects could maintain the test position was recorded in seconds using a stopwatch. Each measurement was made twice and the best measurement was used in statistical analysis. The test was terminated if it disturbed the test position. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Ultrasound Examination of M. Transversus Abdominus and M. Multifidus |
M. transversus abdominus (TrA) and m. multifidus (MF) muscles were visualized by ultrasonography and the evaluations were performed by an experienced radiologist who was blind to the case groups. Ultrasound recordings were made using B-mode ultrasound. Each measurement was taken 3 times and the average value of 3 measurements was recorded in mm for statistical analysis. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Lower Extremity Functional Strength |
Lower extremity functional strength was evaluated with the 5-Times Sit-and-Stand Test. The test was performed twice, one trial, and the last measurement was used in statistical analysis. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Balance |
Balance was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). BBS tests were performed using the materials specified in the directive and in accordance with the instructions. The total score ranges from 0-56, with higher scores indicating better balance. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Functional Mobility |
Functional mobility was evaluated using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). This test; The duration was recorded and applied during the single-task and dual-task (motor and cognitive). Testing for single task was carried out in accordance with the instruction. In dual-motor duty, while holding an empty tray from the case with both hands; In the dual-cognitive task, he was asked to stand up and walk, turn around and come back and sit on the chair, counting 1 each backwards from a certain number (any number from 20 to 100). The time was recorded with a stopwatch. The test was performed twice, one trial, and the last measurement was used in statistical analysis. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Functional Exercise Capacity |
Functional exercise capacity was evaluated using the 6 Minute Walking Test (6-MWT). The test was performed in accordance with the American Thoracic Society criteria. Normal values of 6-MWT are calculated approximately according to age, gender, height and weight in healthy adults. In this study, using reference suggested by Gibbons et al. "Estimated 6-MWT distance" and the rate of reaching the maximal heart rate at the end of 6-MWT were calculated. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Activities of Daily Living and Evaluation of Motor Impairment |
Activities of daily living and motor impairment were evaluated with activities of daily living (II) and motor impairment (III) sub-dimensions of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The total score ranges from 0-108, with a higher score indicating a more serious disorder. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Freezing |
The Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) was used to identify and evaluate the subjective perception of Parkinson's patients regarding the severity and effect of freezing on gait performance. The total score ranges from 0-24, with a higher score meaning that a person's walking performance is more affected by freezing. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Fatigue |
Fatigue, one of the non-motor findings associated with Parkinson's, was evaluated with the Parkinson's Fatigue Scale-16 (PFS-16). The total score ranged from 16 to 80, and a total of 8 points or more was considered tired. |
8 weeks |
|
Primary |
Evaluation of Quality of Life |
Quality of Life was evaluated with Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39). This questionnaire is the most frequently used specific health status measure in PD patients. The total score ranges from 0-100, and lower scores better reflect perceived quality of life. |
8 weeks |
|