Pain Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effect of Episiotomy Wound Care and Genital Hygiene Training on Episiotomy Wound Healing and Pain Perception: Randomized Controlled Trial
NCT number | NCT05358236 |
Other study ID # | 2022/4 |
Secondary ID | |
Status | Completed |
Phase | N/A |
First received | |
Last updated | |
Start date | March 3, 2022 |
Est. completion date | April 22, 2022 |
Verified date | May 2022 |
Source | Aydin Adnan Menderes University |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
The World Health Organization (WHO) and professional societies recommend restricted episiotomy instead of routine episiotomy. However, since the 1990s, there has been evidence of the risks of the procedure, and although routine use has no benefit, it is still widely used. In this study, investigators aimed to determine the effect of episiotomy on the wound healing process and pain perception by providing episiotomy wound healing and genital hygiene training with training material created to raise awareness about wound care after episiotomy and to eliminate factors that delay the healing of episiotomy wound.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 128 |
Est. completion date | April 22, 2022 |
Est. primary completion date | April 20, 2022 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | Female |
Age group | 18 Years and older |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - 18 years of age and older - primiparous - givingbirth vaginally on due date (37-42 gestational weeks) - who have a healthy newborn, - who have a mediolateral episiotomy, - who do not have communication problems - who can understand and speak Turkish were included in the research. Exclusion Criteria: - Givingbirth by cesarean section - Having third and fourth-degree perineal tears, - Having a history of diseases that prevent wound healing, - Using certain drugs (eg, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, chemotherapy, immunosuppressant, and radiotherapy), - Having chronic systemic diseases (heart, kidney and lung diseases, coagulation disorder, immunodeficiency, connective tissue disorders, and diabetes), - Having history of genital warts, symptomatic vaginitis, - Having history of perineal reconstructive surgery, any postpartum complication (hemorrhage, puerperal infection, mastitis, thromboembolic disease or postpartum psychiatric disorder) |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Turkey | Gonca Buran | Bursa |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Aydin Adnan Menderes University |
Turkey,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Personal information form before intervention | Assessed using personal information. This instrument contains questions on women's sociodemographic and postpartum. | postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours) | |
Primary | Episiotomy Area Evaluation before intervention | Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15. | postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours) | |
Primary | Episiotomy pain Evaluation before intervention | The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. | postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours) | |
Secondary | Episiotomy Area Evaluation after intervention | Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15. | postpartum 5th day | |
Secondary | Episiotomy pain Evaluation after intervention | The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. | postpartum 5th day | |
Secondary | Episiotomy Area Evaluation after intervention | Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15. | Postpartum 15th day | |
Secondary | Episiotomy pain Evaluation after intervention | The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. | Postpartum 15th day |
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