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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT04319003
Other study ID # HS-18-00505
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date August 3, 2018
Est. completion date September 19, 2018

Study information

Verified date March 2020
Source University of Southern California
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Kiritimati is an isolated coral atoll in the Pacific Ocean, and is one of 32 islands that comprise the Republic of Kiribati. Obesity and type 2 diabetes rates are high in Kiribati, but the causes and rates of childhood obesity/diabetes are unknown. However, it has been hypothesized that high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages on Kiritimati may be a contributing factor. The investigators therefore conducted a study in Kiritimati in September 2018 with the aim of 1) quantifying obesity and diabetes rates amongst children on Kiritimati and 2) testing the feasibility of a sugar-reduction intervention in Kiritimati schools. The investigators randomized the two high schools on the island to either the control group or the intervention group. The investigators measured height/weight, continuous blood glucose (using flash glucose monitoring), and diet (using 24-hour diet recalls). One week into the study, the intervention school received an intervention, which consisted of installation of a water filter at the school, the provision of water bottles to each student at the school, and a 30-minute educational presentation on the link between sugar consumption and type 2 diabetes. The investigators then measured how blood glucose and diet changed the week following the intervention, and compared this to the control school.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 63
Est. completion date September 19, 2018
Est. primary completion date September 19, 2018
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 10 Years to 18 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria:

- Enrolled in one of the two high schools on Kiritimati

Exclusion Criteria:

- > 18 years of age

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Behavioral:
Sugar-reduction intervention
The intervention consisted of a) installation of a water filter at the school. b) each participant received a metal water bottle. c) a registered dietitian gave a 30-minute presentation on sugar reduction for the purposes of type 2 diabetes prevention

Locations

Country Name City State
Kiribati Kiritimati London Village
United States University of Southern California Los Angeles California

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
University of Southern California

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Kiribati, 

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Change in mean blood glucose (mg/dL) A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Mean blood glucose was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in mean amplitude of glycemic variability (MAGE) (mg/dL) A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (mean amplitude of glycemic excursions) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in standard deviation (mg/dL) of continuous glucose monitor data A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (standard deviation) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in coefficient of variation (percent) of continuous glucose monitor data A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (coefficient of variation (percent) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in J-index of continuous glucose monitor data A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (J-index) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in area under the curve of continuous glucose monitor data A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (area under the curve) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in total sugar consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total sugar intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in added sugar consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in added sugar intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in total water consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total water intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in unsweetened water consumption (servings/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in unsweetened water intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in energy (kcal/day) consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in energy (kcal) intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in total carbohydrate (g/day) consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total carbohydrate intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in percent calories from carbohydrate consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from carbohydrate intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in percent calories from total sugars consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from total sugars intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in percent calories from added sugars consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from added sugars intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction). 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (tioka) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (tang) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (toddy) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (ice block) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (soda) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (juice) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (fruit drinks) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
Primary Change in sugary beverage (coffee/tea) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day. 2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)
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