View clinical trials related to Obese.
Filter by:Upper airway obstruction (UAO) during induction of general anesthesia is a frequently occurring complication. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia shares many similarities with the upper airway obstruction observed during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obesity is major risk factors for OSA and obese patients have a higher prevalence of UAO during anesthesia. The change of body position improved upper airway stability during sleep in patients with OSA.We hypothesis that the 30˚ reverse trendelenburg body position maintain airway patency in obese patients during general anesthesia.
The increasing rate of obesity has become a major public health concern with national reports indicating 40% of African American adolescents are now overweight/obese. Little is known about effective weight loss interventions in ethnic minority adolescents. However, research has shown that ethnic minorities attend fewer intervention sessions, have higher attrition rates and lose less weight compared to Caucasians. Two fundamental problems related to this lack of progress are 1) lack of appropriate content of weight loss interventions for African American adolescents that integrate cultural issues, parenting skills, and motivational strategies for long-term change and, 2) poor dose of weight loss interventions because of participant fatigue and drop out. While previous weight loss studies for adolescents have been long lasting (12-25 weeks), our team developed a weight loss program that is a relatively brief (8-week) face-to-face intervention that integrates motivational (autonomy-support) and positive parenting skills (monitoring, social support, positive communication skills) for reducing z-BMI in overweight African American adolescents. Our team recently conducted a pilot study testing the feasibility of an 8-week on-line culturally tailored intervention, Thus, the goal of this project is to conduct a randomized controlled efficacy trial to address the problems with past studies by 1) making the face-to-face group intervention shorter, 2) using an on-line component to compliment the group-based intervention for increasing dose, and by 3) tailoring a motivational and parenting skills program directly to parents and adolescents skill levels and cultural background. 520 overweight African American adolescents and their parents will be recruited to participate. Phase I of the trial will test the efficacy of an 8-week face-to-face group randomized trial comparing motivational plus family-based weight loss (M+FWL) to a basic health (BH) education program on reducing z-BMI and improving diet and physical activity (PA) in overweight African American adolescents. In phase II of the trial participants will be re-randomized to either an 8-week on-line intervention or a control on-line program resulting in a 2 (M+FWL vs. BH group) x 2 (intervention vs. control on-line program) factorial design. A 6-month follow-up will examine whether adolescents in the 8-week M+FWL group plus 8-week on-line intervention program will show the greatest maintenance in reducing z-BMI.
Objectives: The primary objective of this clinical trial is to characterize metabolic signatures associated with abdominal fat distribution in 40 women with different BMI 29-40 and different abdominal distribution of fat (visceral vs. sub-cutaneous fat). No intervention with a product is planned. The subjects will be given one high fat meal with commercial products (eggs, milk, cream, bread, fruits, cheese and cheese) on one test day to test the post-prandial metabolic response.
The purpose of this study is determine if you have too much fat in your body that it will decrease the conversion of food energy into energy that your body can use.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether insulin resistance is accompanied by "exercise resistance". Investigators will use mass spectrometry and proteomics analysis to test the hypothesis is that a bout of exercise that increases mitochondrial protein abundance in lean, healthy individuals is less effective in insulin resistant patients.
Here we tested if statins or exercise plus statins had a greater capacity to lower metabolic syndrome risk factors in sedentary individuals with at least 2 metabolic syndrome risk factors. We also examined if statins impacted exercise response for mitochondrial content in muscle or aerobic fitness.
The emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children is coupled with the increased prevalence of childhood obesity in the last two decades. Obesity during the adolescent years is associated with many adverse health consequences, including T2DM, hyperlipidemia, and psychosocial problems. The first step toward effective obesity management and T2DM prevention is monitoring of physical activity (PA) and dietary intake. With the rapid expansion of cellular networks, and advancements in smartphone technologies, it is now possible to monitor PA and dietary intake and at the same time to transmit data digitally to their primary care providers (PCP). The proposed pilot study will include the collaboration among UCSF, North East Medical Services (NEMS), mHealth teams, and overweight and/or obese adolescents. The study will adapt and implement smartphone-based technologies and integrate these technologies with the Electronic Health Record (EHR) to increase PA and dietary intake. Two specific aims of this proposed study include: (1) adapt fitbit Ultra applications for the smartphone-based technologies and EHR and (2) and assess the feasibility and estimate the effect for patient outcomes (self-efficacy, physical activity, dietary intake, BMI, and lipid profile), at 3 months post intervention between the intervention and control groups. The smartphone app for the intervention group will allow the teens to graphically compare daily PA and dietary intake with the goal, participate in a reward program where they can collect virtual points for achieving the goal, and play interactive games related to PA and diet. A total of 40 overweight and/or obese adolescents at NEMS will be recruited and randomized to the feasibility study (Aim 2).
Overweight and obesity, which afflicts ~65% of the U.S. population and more than 1 billion people worldwide, increases the risk of developing hypertension. Activation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) is an important mechanism by which obesity leads to hypertension. In addition to its vasoconstricting and sodium retaining actions, angiotensin II also has potent pro-inflammatory actions including macrophage infiltration and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in target tissues. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle appear to be a key sites for the generation of proinflammatory cytokines. Although angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces inflammation in many tissues, the effects on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in humans are not clear. Importantly, the chronic low grade inflammatory state that accompanies obesity complicates hypertension by contributing to insulin resistance and accelerating cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the general aim of the present proposal will be to determine the influence of angiotensin II receptor blockade on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation and its relation to improvements in insulin sensitivity, if observed, in obese hypertensive humans. To address these aims, 44 obese (BMI>30 kg/m2) hypertensive (BP>140 systolic and/or 90 diastolic) individuals (age=50-65 years) will be randomized to receive 8 weeks of either the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, olmesartan medoxomil, or no treatment in a crossover manner. Subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biopsies will be obtained and insulin sensitivity (intravenous glucose tolerance tests) will be assessed at baseline and following 8 weeks of each intervention. A two week washout period will separate the interventions.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a worksite lifestyle intervention for diabetes prevention among employees with prediabetes.
This is a randomized controlled trial with enhanced usual care treatment control. The aim is to determine the effects of journaling and use of resource website on weight loss. There will be two groups of 55 participants each. The intervention condition will be asked to record daily weight, physical activity steps taken and pre-portioned food items and to complete two daily journaling activities. Participants will also receive weekly tracing data, a weekly blog from the principal investigator and have access to a weight control website. The control group will not have access to the tracking, journaling or website for three months. Investigators hypothesize that a website paired with tracking and journaling will be more effective in helping participants lose weight.