View clinical trials related to Nephrolithiasis.
Filter by:Outpatient tubeless Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) could potentially improve patient care and result in significant cost savings for our hospital each year. If this pilot study is successful, Queen's/KGH will lead a collaborative national multicentre trial to further establish the role of this new approach in the surgical treatment of kidney stones.
Beverages containing citrate may be useful in increasing urine citrate content and urine pH. Such changes in urine chemistry could help prevent kidney stones. Diet orange soda has more citrate than other similar beverages. The investigators are interested in whether diet soda will improve urine chemistry in the appropriate manner.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) become the therapy of choice for renal stone. Although providing good results, stone recurrence is usually found as the therapies do not change the underlying metabolic abnormality. Among the metabolic disorders, hypocitraturia is an important risk factor for calcium nephrolithiasis. This study evaluate the preventive effects of potassium sodium citrate on stone recurrence as well as stone growth post ESWL or PCNL, in patients with calcium-containing stones.
The investigators are finding out if giving antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori will eliminate colonization of the colon by Oxalobacter formigenes.
Vitamin D plays a critical role in maintaining bone health, as well as preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer, and various autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency is very common in the United States and worldwide, and is now being increasingly recognized and treated. One group in which vitamin D deficiency may be particularly important is patients who have had kidney stones. These patients frequently have elevated levels of calcium in their urine, which is a common and important risk factor for calcium containing kidney stones. Because vitamin D increases absorption of calcium into the blood by the intestines, physicians may be reluctant to prescribe vitamin D therapy to patients with vitamin D deficiency if they also have kidney stones and high amounts of calcium in the urine. They are concerned about the possible risk of increasing the amount of calcium in the urine (and thereby increasing the risk of calcium stones occurring again). However, studies in patients without kidney stones, as well as studies in patients with high calcium levels in the urine, have demonstrated that giving vitamin D is effective and safe and does not increase calcium in the urine. Therefore, the investigators will study the effects of giving vitamin D on the amount of calcium in the urine in patients with a history of kidney stones and elevated calcium in the urine. The investigators will evaluate the safety of giving vitamin D to this particular group of patients.
Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a safe, non-invasive treatment for renal calculi. During SWL energy is focused on in order to break kidney stones and this energy can be varied in size from a narrow (or small) focal zone to a wide (or large) focal zone. This is a multi-centered, randomized study comparing the single treatment success rates of narrow and wide focal zones during SWL.
Calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis is a relatively common disease. The prevalence in the general population may range from 10 to 12 percent, and 0.4 to 1 percent of new cases are reported every year according to different series. Without specific pharmacological therapy, the recurrence rate in patient with established diagnosis of nephrolithiasis is extremely high and may range from 15 to 20 percent per year, with a cumulative incidence at five years ranging from 27 to 50 percent.Although genetic factors play an important role in the development of nephrolithiasis, environmental factors such as diet also appear to affect stone formation. Potassium citrate is also effective in preventing stone recurrence in patients with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Low tolerability, however, may remarkably limit the use of these medication. Citrus fruits are a natural rich source of citrate and diet supplementation with juice of citrus fruits may represent a valuable alternative option to supply citrate without exposing the patients to the adverse effects of citrate containing medications. Among the most commonly consumed citrus fruits, lemons contain the greatest concentrations of citric acid (49,2 g/Kg);a half cup of pure lemon juice can provide a daily amount of citrate comparable to that of a standard daily dose of alkali citrate medications. A few studies tried to evaluate the effects of lemon juice supplementation in patients with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, but the findings were flawed by the retrospective, observational design of the study or by the too small sample size that limited the power of statistical analyses and the reliability of the results. This study will be primarily aimed at evaluating whether lemon juice added to standard diet recommendations compared to diet recommendations alone may reduce the risk of new stone formation in patients with recurrent idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Secondarily, the study will evaluate the effects of lemon juice supplementation on complications of nephrolithiasis such as urinary tract infections, colic symptoms, and hospitalizations for stone disruption or removal, as well as the effects on urinary factors (such as urinary citrate, oxalate, calcium excretion or pH) that may favor or limit stone formations and the relationships between these effects and the risk of stone recurrence.
Patients suspected of having a kidney stone are usually evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan. The investigators hypothesize that ultrasound (U/S) should be sufficient to evaluate kidneys for suspected renal stones.
The purpose of this study is to assess if patients treated with silodosin will have a higher spontaneous passage rate of their ureteral stone than those treated with placebo.
Sodium thiosulfate may be useful to prevent recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones. It will be studied in people with high amounts of urine calcium.