View clinical trials related to Nausea.
Filter by:Cholelithiasis (presence of gallbladder stones) is prevalent in 10 to 15% of the world population. This disease can lead to serious complications such as cholecystitis, cholangitis and pancreatitis. Video-laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CVL) is considered the gold standard treatment of this condition. Despite ongoing research and development of new drugs and techniques, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are frequent, lead to unexpected hospitalizations, delay hospital discharge, increase hospital costs, and cause patient dissatisfaction. Video-laparoscopic surgeries are cited in the literature as a risk factor for PONV, with an incidence of up to 75% in cases where prophylactic drugs are not used.Through the simplified Apfel score, it is possible to determine the risk for PONV. This risk classification is based on four risk factors: female gender, non-smoking, postoperative use of opioids and previous history of PONV. The incidence of PONV would be 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively, if none, one, two, three or four risk factors are present. Antiemetics recommended for prophylaxis of PONV in adults include 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonists (ondansetron, dolasetron, granisetron, tropisetron, ramosetron and palonosetron), neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists (aprepitant), (dendrohydrin and haloperidol), antihistamines (dimenhydrin and meclizine), and anticholinergics (scopolamine).
Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common adverse effect in treatment of cancer, which influences the quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients and leads to dehydration, malnutrition and even death. Prevention and relieving the CINV is an important step to ensure the conduction of chemotherapy. Mechanism of CINV remains to be obscure, while most studies showed that it is mainly related to the following respects: ⑴ Chemotherapeutic agents stimulate gastrointestinal tract, which induces the release of neurotransmitters by chromaffin cells. Neurotransmitters bind to corresponding receptors, and then results in vomiting by stimulating the vomiting center; ⑵ Chemotherapeutic agents and the metabolites of them activate chemoreceptors directly, which causes vomiting. ⑶ Feeling and mental factors irritate cerebral cortex pathway directly. There are studies suggested that 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was related to acute nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, which means 5-HT receptor antagonist would be a effective medicine for acute CINV. In addition, there are researches proclaimed that neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist, aprepitant, is a potent agent to relieve CINV. Thus, correlative guidelines recommend regimens with 5-HT receptor antagonist, NK-1 receptor antagonist and glucocorticoid as the standard treatment for strongly emetic chemotherapy regimens. But the prevention of moderately emetic chemotherapy regimens remains to be a problem in clinical practice. Besides, there is no study to demonstrate differences of mechanisms between acute CINV and delayed CINV. Olanzapine inhibits kinds of neurotransmitters which cause CINV, it is why this medicine is effective in both acute and delayed CINV. It can also alleviate anxiety, improve sleep quality and relieve pain in patients with cancer. The most common adverse effects of olanzapine are lethargy, body mass increase, fatigue, dry mouth, constipation, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Among them, the most common one is lethargy, which can oppose insomnia and excitation caused by dexamethasone. In a word, olanzapine is an agent with mild adverse effects, it is worth to be generalized. But there are still problems to be resolved in the application of olanzapine in CINV: ⑴ Aprepitant is expensive and not covered in medical care in China, which limits the application in patients. ⑵There is no large clinical trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of olanzapine in Chinese populations. To explore these issues better, investigators intend to compare the regimen with olanzapine, dexamethasone and 5-HT receptor antagonists with the regimen with placebo, dexamethasone and 5-HT receptor antagonists about the efficacy and adverse events in treatment of CINV. Investigators aim to provide an available therapeutic options for CINV, improve the quality of life and prolong the survival of patients with lung cancer.
Olanzapine-containing regimens for CINV prophylaxis may provide even better protection than aprepitant-containing regimens.
We aimed to evaluate the different ETCO2 levels (with the help of ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter) in preventing gynecological laparoscopic surgeons' postoperative nausea induced by intracranial pressure change due to pneumoperitoneum and trandelenburg position.
Background: Nausea and vomiting (emesis) is a common and burdensome side-effect of emetogenic chemotherapy. Emesis affects both the patient's quality of life and induces high costs within the health-care system. Many patients are interested in acupuncture, despite weak scrientific evidence for its effects beside non-specific effects. Few credibly sham-controlled studies have previously been conducted. The therapist's care and communication during acupuncture as well as during standard care may induce non-specific effects, such as placebo effects, potentially driven by the patient's expectations. It is not known if the type of communication, in terms of how positive the therapist communicates regarding expected effects, affects the effect of antiemetic treatments. Aims: To investigate if chemotherapy-induced emesis, treatment expectancy and quality of life differ between patients who receive A) standard care including antiemetics, B) standard care plus sham acupuncture or C) standard treatment plus genuine acupuncture by a therapist who emphasizes the positive expected outcomes of the treatment, compared to a therapist who communicates neutral regarding the expected outcomes. Procedure: The eligible patients will be randomized to A) standard care, including antiemetics or to B) standard treatment plus sham acupuncture or C) standard treatment plus genuine acupuncture. Within the three groups, the patients are randomized to receive either neutral or positive communication with the therapist during the treatment. Outcome measures: The primary outcome is intensity of nausea within the five days after the chemotherapy session in patients receiving positive or neutral communication. Data collection of nausea and vomiting, expectations, and quality of life is performed at baseline the day before the studied chemotherapy session, during 10 days after the studied chemotherapy session, and at a follow-up ten days after the last chemotherapy session.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most commonly reported adverse effects of anesthesia. The general incidence of vomiting is approximately 30%, nausea at 50% and the PONV rate can go up to 80% in high-risk patients without prophylaxis. Prevention of these episodes in high-risk patients improves satisfaction and well-being rates. Therefore, it becomes important the adequate control of PONV, aiming at the satisfaction of the patient with the procedure, lower costs for the health system as well as reduction of complications in the postoperative period. This study aims to evaluate the association of gabapentin or pregabalin with dexamethasone in reducing the incidence of PONV in high-risk patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries in the first 48 hours postoperatively as well as to assess side effects.
In this study we would like to identify demographic and individual risk factors that place parturients at a higher risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and itching following administered neuraxial morphine for cesarean section. Our primary objective is to develop a reliable predictive neuraxial morphine induced nausea and vomiting (NMINV) and itching model.
Chemotherapy induces nausea and vomit for some large patients. But, some chemotherapy protocol has a high indices of the incidence as observed in a combination of Anthracycline and Cyclophosphamide (AC). To prevent this symptoms, some medication can be used as Ondansetron. By other hands, the traditional acupuncture on Chinese Medicine have been used a PC6 point to avoid nausea and vomit. More recently, a transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) also has been used for this application. Our study will test the TENS applied on PC6 point with two different frequencies (high and low) to evaluated the nausea and vomit inhibition effects.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are among the most bothersome symptoms during cancer treatment according to children and their parents. Most children receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), including those receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) conditioning, experience CIV despite receiving antiemetic prophylaxis. Olanzapine improves CINV control in adult cancer patients, has a track record of safe use in children with psychiatric illness, does not interact with chemotherapy and is inexpensive. We hypothesize that the addition of olanzapine to standard antiemetics will improve chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) control in children receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy
Assessment of the effectiveness of PC 6 "Neiguan" with conventional acupuncture for preventing PONV (PostOperative Nausea and Vomiting) after laparoscopic surgery.