View clinical trials related to Microsatellite Instability.
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MSI (Microsatellite Instability) colorectal cancer (CRC) show improved survival, are less prone to metastasis and show poor response to chemotherapy (compared to MSS tumors). The underlying reasons for these characteristics are still not understood and no specific therapeutic approach for MSI colon tumours (15% of CRC overall) has yet been developed. The MSI process is oncogenic when it affects DNA repeat sequences that have a functional role, e.g. Small Coding Repeats (SCR). MSI also frequently affects Long Non-Coding Repeats (LNCR) in tumour DNA. In contrast to SCR, only a few LNCR are endowed with biological activity. Consequently, this area has received very little attention. Our group recently identified HSP110 mutant chaperone protein in MSI CRC that was generated by somatic deletion of a LNCR. Of interest, HSP110 mutant (due to exon skipping) have anti-oncogenic properties and the survival of MSI CRC patients receiving chemotherapy is positively associated with HSP110 mutations in tumour DNA. The aim of the current project is to identify additional clinically relevant MSI-associated splicing aberrations due to mutations in LNCR located in splice acceptor sites. The four main steps are as follows: 1. To identify exon/intron sites affected by aberrant splicing events due to MSI in CRC . All RNASeq data will be exploited to identify recurrent splicing aberrations (mostly exon skipping) that occur specifically in MSI colon tumours; 2. To investigate for possible functional links between MSI and any detected aberrant splicing events . All specific aberrant splicing events detected by RNAseq in MSI CRC samples will be first confirmed (quantitative RT-PCR) in order to eliminate false positive cases. For validated exon candidates, the allelic profiles of adjacent intronic LNCR will be analysed (PCR and fluorescence genotyping) in CRC cell lines and primary tumours (MSI and MSS), as well as in matching normal mucosa samples in order to assess their polymorphic status; 3. To identify splicing events and LNCR mutations with clinical relevance in MSI CRC patients . All LNCR with a confirmed role in gene splicing in MSI CRC will be analysed. The clinical relevance of candidate genes will be assessed using multivariate survival regression models for Relapse- Free Survival, with interaction terms (response to chemotherapy); 4. To initiate functional studies on a limited number of clinically relevant, cancer-related genes whose splicing is perturbed in MSI cancer cells, and to develop biological tools to simplify screening in future clinical assays Similar to HSP110, we will focus on 4 or 5 mutant proteins that are promising drug therapeutic targets. Functional assays will be developed to further elucidate their role in the pathophysiology of MSI tumours. We also aim to develop biological tools for these candidate genes, such as the detection of wild-type or mutant proteins by immunohistochemistry.
This phase Ib/II trial studies how well anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII fusion protein M7824 (M7824) works in treating patients with colorectal cancer (or with other solid tumors with microsatellite instability) that has spread to other places in the body or cannot be removed by surgery. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as M7824, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.
This is a Phase IIb, multicohort, open-label multicenter study of combination immunotherapies in patients who have previously received treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. All patients in Cohorts 1-4 will receive the combination treatment of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitor plus N-803 for up to 17 cycles. Each cycle is six weeks in duration. Some patients who experience disease progression while on study in Cohorts 1-4 may roll over into Cohort 5 and receive combination therapy with a PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitor, N-803, and PD-L1 t-haNK cellular therapy for up to an additional 17 cycles. Each cycle is six weeks in duration. All patients will receive N-803 once every 3 weeks. Patients will also receive the same checkpoint inhibitor that they received during their previous therapy. Radiologic evaluation will occur at the end of each treatment cycle. Treatment will continue for up to 2 years, or until the patient experiences confirmed progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity, withdraws consent, or if the Investigator feels it is no longer in the patient's best interest to continue treatment. Patients will be followed for disease progression, post-therapies, and survival through 24 months past administration of the first dose of study drug.
Construction of a large cohort of lung cancer patients to evaluate the Prognostic and Predictive Significance of the molecular biomarkers Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), KRAS, Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK), Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein and Microsatellite Instability (MSI) in lung cancer: A tissue microarray-based study of 500 cases.
The purpose of this study is to determine the safety, tolerability, and recommended dose schedule of APL-501 in individuals with advanced or relapsed or recurrent solid tumors.
This is a Phase 2, non-randomised, open-label, multicentric study to investigate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab monotherapy in 6 cohorts of patients with specific rare cancers who have unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease, which is resistant or refractory to standard therapy, or for which standard therapy does not exist, or is not considered appropriate, and for which no other experimental treatment options are available.
This phase II trial studies how well durvalumab works in treating patients with prostate cancer that is resistant to hormones and has spread to other places in the body. Monoclonal antibodies, such as durvalumab, may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.
Investigators would like to assess the efficacy and safety of tegafur-uracil in patients with stage II MSI-L or MSS colon cancer under metronomic setting for one year.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint antibody LY3300054 in participants with advanced refractory solid tumors.