View clinical trials related to Lung Diseases.
Filter by:The use of lung ultrasound is instrumental in the evaluation of many chest pathologies and its ability to detect pleuro-pulmonary pathology is widely accepted. However, the use of ultrasound to explore the state of the peripheral lung parenchyma, when the organ is still aerated, is a relatively new application. Horizontal and vertical artifacts are separate and distinct artifacts that can be seen during ultrasound examination of the lungs. While the practical role of lung ultrasound artifacts is accepted to detect and monitor many conditions, further research is needed for the physical interpretation of ultrasound artifacts. These artifacts are diagnostic signs, but we don't fully understand their origin. The artifactual information deriving from the surface acoustic interaction, beyond the pleural line, in the ultrasound images of the normally aerated and non-deflated lung, represents the final result of complex interactions of acoustic waves with a specific three-dimensional structure of the biological tissue. Thus, the umbrella term "vertical artifacts" oversimplifies many physical phenomena associated with a pathological pleural plane. There is growing evidence that vertical artifacts are caused by physiological and pathological changes in the superficial lung parenchyma. Therefore, the need emerges to explore the physical phenomena underlying the artifactual ultrasound information deriving from the surface acoustic interaction of ultrasound with the pleuro-pulmonary structures.
Beyond pulmonary complications, COPD presents with extrapulmonary manifestations including reduced cognitive, cardiovascular, and muscle function. While exercise training is the cornerstone in the non-pharmacological treatment of COPD, there is a need for new exercise training methods. The COPD-HIIT trial intend to investigate the effects and mechanisms of 12 weeks supramaximal high-intensity interval-training (HIIT) compared to moderate intensive continous training (MICT) in people with COPD and matched healthy controls on important clinical outcomes. The trial also intends to compare the effects of 24 months of exercise training (supramaximal HIIT or MICT) to usual care in people with COPD on brain health, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle power; in people with COPD.
This study will investigate the effect of Budesonide, Glycopyrronium, and Formoterol Fumarate (BGF) metered dose inhaler (MDI) compared with Placebo MDI, and Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate (BFF) MDI on isotime inspiratory capacity (IC) and exercise endurance time.
This study capitalizes on the emerging technology of 19F MRI, using conventional 'thermally' polarized perfluorinated gas (perfluoropropane, or PFP) mixed with oxygen and studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize ventilation. This technique has not been studied in children. Children and adolescents (6-17 years old) with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have normal spirometry will undergo 19F MRI with the inhalation of an inert contrast gas to study ventilation. Comparisons will be made to a cohort of healthy children (6-17 years old) who will perform the same measures. The primary outcome measure is the feasibility of conducting these studies in the pediatric population. Parallel performance of multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBW) and spirometry will be used to compare the sensitivity of these outcomes to the presence of mild lung disease in these children. Finally, the investigators will compare data obtained during standard breath holds with a novel "free-breathing" technique that will eliminate the need for breath holds during MRI acquisition.
The goal of this mixed methods study is to learn about cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) using Alpha-Stim AID in anxiety related to breathlessness in advanced lung diseases. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: - Is CES using Alpha-Stim AID acceptable and tolerable as a potential treatment in the management of anxiety in patients who experience breathlessness due to advanced chronic respiratory disease? - What are the key factors that will inform the design of a study to examine its potential clinical effectiveness? Participants will choose whether they want to trial the CES for eight weeks or be in a parallel control group. They will complete daily diaries, questionnaires about anxiety, breathlessness, sleep, quality of life and depression, and an end of study qualitative interview. Researchers will compare those using the CES and those receiving standard care to see if there are any indications of difference in anxiety and other symptoms experienced.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence, morbidity, and mortality vary across countries and across different groups within countries with a direct relation to the prevalence of tobacco smoking. Other risk factors for COPD include genetic factors, longstanding asthma, outdoor air pollution, second-hand smoke exposure, biomass smoke, indoor air pollution, occupational exposures, and tuberculosis . The prevalence and burden of COPD are projected to increase in the coming decades because of continued exposure to COPD risk factors and the changing age structure of the world's population. As these factors are rapidly increasing in developing countries, COPD will become a major health problem, exerting a huge demand on economic and healthcare resources in developing countries [2]. In Egypt, although COPD is a rising significant health problem, data on its prevalence, morbidity, and mortality are still lacking and have to be estimated . Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a protein/histone deacetylase dependent NAD. It plays a crucial role in various human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammation, aging, neurodegenerative disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Seven isoforms of the SIRT1 gene (SIRT1- SIRT7) have been determined in mammals. Expression of the SIRT1 gene is regulated by transcription factors such as CREB, FOXO3, HIC1, NF-KB, p53, PARP-2 and PPAR. SIRT1
This study evaluates hospitalizations and mortality in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) before and after the implantation of a new COPD treatment plan (replacement of tiotropium soft mist inhaler for glycopyrronium dry powder inhaler) by the Health State Secretariat of Federal District in Brazil.
The investigators plan to conduct a study to find out if giving portable oxygen therapy (during physical activity) to patients with interstitial lung disease will improve quality of life, exercise tolerance, shortness of breath, and blood vessel function. Oxygen will be provided for a period of 8 weeks. Additionally, the investigators plan to investigate if it is helpful to deliver individualized support when providing oxygen therapy, through check-in phone calls with a respiratory therapist and by providing additional educational material.
To determine the effects of endurance training on functional capacity and QOL(Quality of life) in patients with post-TB (tuberculosis) lung disease. Post-tuberculosis lung disease is a major health concern nowadays. There is limited evidence in the literature regarding the rehabilitation of patients with cured tuberculosis which leads to post-TB complications.
Living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or interstitial lung disease (ILD) imposes enormous daily challenges, especially at advanced stages, not just to patients but also to informal caregivers. Their needs are not fully addressed by disease-modifying treatments. A key strategy to improve their well-being is the early integration of palliative care into routine management of COPD and ILD. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), one of the most well-established and cost-effective interventions in chronic respiratory diseases may be a suitable venue for this approach. The main goal of this randomised controlled study is to explore the effects of palliative care education as part of PR in people with COPD or ILD and informal caregivers. The primary question to be addressed is: "Does integrating education about palliative care in PR improve knowledge on this subject?". The investigators will compare PR with palliative care education (experimental) with traditional PR (control) in people with COPD or ILD and informal caregivers. The intervention will include an education session about palliative care, a "Peer-to-peer session", a "Get-apart session" and online sessions. A mixed-methods approach will be used to evaluate the outcomes. This study will provide an evidence-based insight into personalised PR with palliative care education for people with COPD or ILD and informal caregivers.